See wrīþan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "wrīþan"
},
"expansion": "Old English: wrīþan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: wrīþan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "writhen",
"3": "wrythen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: writhen, wrythen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: writhen, wrythen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "wryth",
"3": "writhe"
},
"expansion": "Scots: wryth, writhe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: wryth, writhe"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "writhe"
},
"expansion": "English: writhe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: writhe"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*wrīthan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *wrīthan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *wrīthan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "writen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: writen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: writen (with -t- by influence of an iterative *writtōną)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "wrīdan",
"3": "rīdan",
"4": "*rīdan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: wrīdan, rīdan, *rīdan",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Lombardic"
},
"expansion": "(Lombardic)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: wrīdan, rīdan, *rīdan (Lombardic)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "rīden"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: rīden",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: rīden"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "reiden"
},
"expansion": "German: reiden",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: reiden; (wrideln)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "rider",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old French: rider",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old French: rider"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "rider"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: rider",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: rider"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "rider"
},
"expansion": "French: rider",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: rider"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "riddare",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: riddare",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: riddare"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wrīþaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wrīþaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *wrīþaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "wrīþan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wrīþannjas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wrīþannjē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wrīþannju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "wrīþu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wraiþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wrīþiʀi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wridī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wrīþidi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wraiþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wrīþum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wridum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wrīþid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wridud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wrīþand",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wridun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wrīþē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wridī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wrīþēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wrīþē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wridī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wrīþēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wridīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wrīþēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wridīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wrīþēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wridīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wrīþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wrīþid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wrīþandī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wridan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*wrīþan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-st"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/wrīþan",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to weave, twist"
],
"id": "en-wrīþan-gmw-pro-verb-SA-vKlu6",
"links": [
[
"weave",
"weave"
],
[
"twist",
"twist"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "wrīþan"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "wrīþan"
},
"expansion": "Old English: wrīþan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: wrīþan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "writhen",
"3": "wrythen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: writhen, wrythen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: writhen, wrythen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "wryth",
"3": "writhe"
},
"expansion": "Scots: wryth, writhe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: wryth, writhe"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "writhe"
},
"expansion": "English: writhe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: writhe"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*wrīthan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *wrīthan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *wrīthan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "writen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: writen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: writen (with -t- by influence of an iterative *writtōną)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "wrīdan",
"3": "rīdan",
"4": "*rīdan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: wrīdan, rīdan, *rīdan",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Lombardic"
},
"expansion": "(Lombardic)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: wrīdan, rīdan, *rīdan (Lombardic)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "rīden"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: rīden",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: rīden"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "reiden"
},
"expansion": "German: reiden",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: reiden; (wrideln)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "rider",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old French: rider",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old French: rider"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "rider"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: rider",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: rider"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "rider"
},
"expansion": "French: rider",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: rider"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "riddare",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: riddare",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: riddare"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wrīþaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wrīþaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *wrīþaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "wrīþan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wrīþannjas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wrīþannjē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wrīþannju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "wrīþu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wraiþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wrīþiʀi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wridī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wrīþidi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wraiþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wrīþum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wridum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wrīþid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wridud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wrīþand",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wridun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wrīþē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wridī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wrīþēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wrīþē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wridī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wrīþēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wridīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wrīþēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wridīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wrīþēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wridīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wrīþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wrīþid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wrīþandī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wridan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*wrīþan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-st"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/wrīþan",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-West Germanic class 1 strong verbs",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic verbs",
"gmw-pro:Weaving"
],
"glosses": [
"to weave, twist"
],
"links": [
[
"weave",
"weave"
],
[
"twist",
"twist"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "wrīþan"
}
Download raw JSONL data for wrīþan meaning in Proto-West Germanic (6.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-20 using wiktextract (e937b02 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.