See wall in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for wall meaning in Proto-West Germanic (5.4kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "weall"
},
"expansion": "Old English: weall, wall, weal, wal\nMiddle English: wal, wale, walle, waule\nEnglish: wall\nYola: wul, vall\n→ Middle Irish: *balla\nIrish: balla\nManx: boalley\nScottish Gaelic: balla\n→ Welsh: gwal, wal",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: weall, wall, weal, wal\nMiddle English: wal, wale, walle, waule\nEnglish: wall\nYola: wul, vall\n→ Middle Irish: *balla\nIrish: balla\nManx: boalley\nScottish Gaelic: balla\n→ Welsh: gwal, wal"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "wall",
"3": "wal"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: wall, wal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: wall, wal"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "wal"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian: wal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "North Frisian: wal"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Waal"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Waal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Waal"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "wal"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: wal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: wal"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "wal",
"3": "wall"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: wal, wall",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: wal, wall"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "wal"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: wal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: wal"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "vold",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: vold",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: vold"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Norwegian:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "voll"
},
"expansion": "voll",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "→ Norwegian: voll"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "valder",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Swedish: valder",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Swedish: valder"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "vall"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: vall\n→ Finnish: valli",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: vall\n→ Finnish: valli"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*wal"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *wal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *wal"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "wal"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: wal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: wal"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "wal"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: wal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: wal"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "wal"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: wal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: wal"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "wal"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: wal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: wal"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Wall"
},
"expansion": "German: Wall",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Wall"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-rfr",
"2": "Waal"
},
"expansion": "Rhine Franconian: Waal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Rhine Franconian: Waal"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "la",
"3": "vallum"
},
"expansion": "Latin vallum",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin vallum.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "wall",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wallō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wallōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wall",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wallā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wallas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wallō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wallē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wallum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wallu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wallum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "*wall n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/wall",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Undetermined quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wall, rampart"
],
"id": "en-wall-gmw-pro-noun-iFBV6j6E",
"links": [
[
"wall",
"wall"
],
[
"rampart",
"rampart"
],
[
"Oxford University Press",
"w:Oxford University Press"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*mūrā"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "wall"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "weall"
},
"expansion": "Old English: weall, wall, weal, wal\nMiddle English: wal, wale, walle, waule\nEnglish: wall\nYola: wul, vall\n→ Middle Irish: *balla\nIrish: balla\nManx: boalley\nScottish Gaelic: balla\n→ Welsh: gwal, wal",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: weall, wall, weal, wal\nMiddle English: wal, wale, walle, waule\nEnglish: wall\nYola: wul, vall\n→ Middle Irish: *balla\nIrish: balla\nManx: boalley\nScottish Gaelic: balla\n→ Welsh: gwal, wal"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "wall",
"3": "wal"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: wall, wal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: wall, wal"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "wal"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian: wal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "North Frisian: wal"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Waal"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Waal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Waal"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "wal"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: wal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: wal"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "wal",
"3": "wall"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: wal, wall",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: wal, wall"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "wal"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: wal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: wal"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "vold",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: vold",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: vold"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Norwegian:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "voll"
},
"expansion": "voll",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "→ Norwegian: voll"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "valder",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Swedish: valder",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Swedish: valder"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "vall"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: vall\n→ Finnish: valli",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: vall\n→ Finnish: valli"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*wal"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *wal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *wal"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "wal"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: wal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: wal"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "wal"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: wal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: wal"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "wal"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: wal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: wal"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "wal"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: wal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: wal"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Wall"
},
"expansion": "German: Wall",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Wall"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-rfr",
"2": "Waal"
},
"expansion": "Rhine Franconian: Waal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Rhine Franconian: Waal"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "la",
"3": "vallum"
},
"expansion": "Latin vallum",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin vallum.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "wall",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wallō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wallōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wall",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wallā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wallas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wallō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wallē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wallum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wallu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wallum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "*wall n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/wall",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine a-stem nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic neuter nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic terms borrowed from Latin",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Latin",
"Undetermined quotations with omitted translation",
"Undetermined terms with quotations",
"gmw-pro:Walls and fences"
],
"glosses": [
"wall, rampart"
],
"links": [
[
"wall",
"wall"
],
[
"rampart",
"rampart"
],
[
"Oxford University Press",
"w:Oxford University Press"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*mūrā"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "wall"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (a644e18 and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.