See tūnijan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "tȳnan"
},
"expansion": "Old English: tȳnan\nMiddle English: tynen, tine, tuynen, tunen\nEnglish: tine, teen\nYola: tine, theene",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: tȳnan\nMiddle English: tynen, tine, tuynen, tunen\nEnglish: tine, teen\nYola: tine, theene"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "tēna"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: tēna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: tēna"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*tūnian"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *tūnian",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *tūnian"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "tûnen",
"3": "tü̂nen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: tûnen, tü̂nen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: tûnen, tü̂nen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*tūnen"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *tūnen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *tūnen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "tunen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: tunen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: tunen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "tuinen",
"3": "tunen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: tuinen, tunen",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: tuinen, tunen (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "zūnen"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: zūnen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: zūnen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "ziunen",
"3": "zūnen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: ziunen, zūnen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: ziunen, zūnen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "zäunen"
},
"expansion": "German: zäunen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: zäunen"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*tūn",
"3": "*-jan",
"id2": "denominative",
"t1": "a fence"
},
"expansion": "*tūn (“a fence”) + *-jan",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *tūn (“a fence”) + *-jan.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnijan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"infinitive",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnijannjas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"genitive",
"infinitive",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnijannjē",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"dative",
"infinitive",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnijannju",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"infinitive",
"instrumental",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūniju",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnidā",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"past",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnisi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnidēs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnidōs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūniþi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnidē",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnidā",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnijum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnidum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"past",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūniþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnidud",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnijanþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnidun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnijē",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnidī",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"past",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnijēs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnidī",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnijē",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnidī",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnijēm",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnidīm",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"past",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnijēþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnidīd",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnijēn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnidīn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"present",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūniþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"plural",
"present",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnijandī",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"participle",
"present",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"participle",
"past",
"weak"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*tūnijan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/tūnijan",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (denominative)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bitūnijan"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to enclose, put a fence around"
],
"id": "en-tūnijan-gmw-pro-verb-VuBuSJ4B",
"links": [
[
"enclose",
"enclose"
],
[
"fence",
"fence"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "tūnijan"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "bitūnijan"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "tȳnan"
},
"expansion": "Old English: tȳnan\nMiddle English: tynen, tine, tuynen, tunen\nEnglish: tine, teen\nYola: tine, theene",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: tȳnan\nMiddle English: tynen, tine, tuynen, tunen\nEnglish: tine, teen\nYola: tine, theene"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "tēna"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: tēna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: tēna"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*tūnian"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *tūnian",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *tūnian"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "tûnen",
"3": "tü̂nen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: tûnen, tü̂nen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: tûnen, tü̂nen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*tūnen"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *tūnen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *tūnen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "tunen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: tunen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: tunen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "tuinen",
"3": "tunen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: tuinen, tunen",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: tuinen, tunen (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "zūnen"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: zūnen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: zūnen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "ziunen",
"3": "zūnen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: ziunen, zūnen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: ziunen, zūnen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "zäunen"
},
"expansion": "German: zäunen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: zäunen"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*tūn",
"3": "*-jan",
"id2": "denominative",
"t1": "a fence"
},
"expansion": "*tūn (“a fence”) + *-jan",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *tūn (“a fence”) + *-jan.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnijan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"infinitive",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnijannjas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"genitive",
"infinitive",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnijannjē",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"dative",
"infinitive",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnijannju",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"infinitive",
"instrumental",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūniju",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnidā",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"past",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnisi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnidēs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnidōs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūniþi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnidē",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnidā",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnijum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnidum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"past",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūniþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnidud",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnijanþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnidun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnijē",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnidī",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"past",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnijēs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnidī",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnijē",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnidī",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnijēm",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnidīm",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"past",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnijēþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnidīd",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnijēn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnidīn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"present",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūniþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"plural",
"present",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnijandī",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"participle",
"present",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"participle",
"past",
"weak"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*tūnijan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/tūnijan",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Proto-West Germanic class 1 weak verbs",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (denominative)",
"Proto-West Germanic verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to enclose, put a fence around"
],
"links": [
[
"enclose",
"enclose"
],
[
"fence",
"fence"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "tūnijan"
}
Download raw JSONL data for tūnijan meaning in Proto-West Germanic (6.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-09-20 using wiktextract (af5c55c and 66545a6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.