"starkijan" meaning in Proto-West Germanic

See starkijan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

Etymology: From *stark (“stiff, stark”) + *-jan. Etymology templates: {{af|gmw-pro|*stark|*-jan|id2=factitive|t1=stiff, stark}} *stark (“stiff, stark”) + *-jan Head templates: {{head|gmw-pro|verb}} *starkijan Inflection templates: {{gmw-infl-verb-wk1}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], starkijan [class-1, infinitive, weak], starkijannjas [class-1, genitive, infinitive, weak], starkijannjē [class-1, dative, infinitive, weak], starkijannju [class-1, infinitive, instrumental, weak], starkiju [class-1, first-person, present, singular, weak], starkidā [class-1, first-person, past, singular, weak], starkisi [class-1, present, second-person, singular, weak], starkidēs [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], starkidōs [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], starkiþi [class-1, present, singular, third-person, weak], starkidē [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], starkidā [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], starkijum [class-1, first-person, plural, present, weak], starkidum [class-1, first-person, past, plural, weak], starkiþ [class-1, plural, present, second-person, weak], starkidud [class-1, past, plural, second-person, weak], starkijanþ [class-1, plural, present, third-person, weak], starkidun [class-1, past, plural, third-person, weak], starkijē [class-1, first-person, present, singular, weak], starkidī [class-1, first-person, past, singular, weak], starkijēs [class-1, present, second-person, singular, weak], starkidī [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], starkijē [class-1, present, singular, third-person, weak], starkidī [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], starkijēm [class-1, first-person, plural, present, weak], starkidīm [class-1, first-person, past, plural, weak], starkijēþ [class-1, plural, present, second-person, weak], starkidīd [class-1, past, plural, second-person, weak], starkijēn [class-1, plural, present, third-person, weak], starkidīn [class-1, past, plural, third-person, weak], starki [class-1, present, singular, weak], starkiþ [class-1, plural, present, weak], starkijandī [class-1, participle, present, weak], starkid [class-1, participle, past, weak]
  1. to strengthen, make stronger Tags: reconstruction Related terms: starkēn
    Sense id: en-starkijan-gmw-pro-verb-TdRUod07 Categories (other): Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (factitive)

Download JSON data for starkijan meaning in Proto-West Germanic (6.5kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ofs",
            "2": "sterka"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Frisian: sterka",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Frisian: sterka"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "stq",
            "2": "sterckjen"
          },
          "expansion": "Saterland Frisian: sterckjen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Saterland Frisian: sterckjen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "sterkian"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: sterkian",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: sterkian"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "sterken",
            "3": "starken"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: sterken, starken",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: sterken, starken"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "*sterken"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: *sterken",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: *sterken"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "sterken"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Dutch: sterken",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Dutch: sterken"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "sterken"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: sterken",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: sterken"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "sterken"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: sterken",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: sterken"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "sterken"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle High German: sterken",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle High German: sterken"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "stärken"
          },
          "expansion": "German: stärken",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: stärken"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "*stark",
        "3": "*-jan",
        "id2": "factitive",
        "t1": "stiff, stark"
      },
      "expansion": "*stark (“stiff, stark”) + *-jan",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From *stark (“stiff, stark”) + *-jan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkijan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkijannjas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "genitive",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkijannjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "dative",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkijannju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkiju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkidēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkidōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkiþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkidē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkijum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkidum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkidud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkijanþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkidun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkijēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkijēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkidīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkijēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkidīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkijēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkidīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starki",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkijandī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*starkijan",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/starkijan",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (factitive)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to strengthen, make stronger"
      ],
      "id": "en-starkijan-gmw-pro-verb-TdRUod07",
      "links": [
        [
          "strengthen",
          "strengthen"
        ],
        [
          "make",
          "make"
        ],
        [
          "stronger",
          "stronger"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "starkēn"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "starkijan"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ofs",
            "2": "sterka"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Frisian: sterka",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Frisian: sterka"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "stq",
            "2": "sterckjen"
          },
          "expansion": "Saterland Frisian: sterckjen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Saterland Frisian: sterckjen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "sterkian"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: sterkian",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: sterkian"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "sterken",
            "3": "starken"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: sterken, starken",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: sterken, starken"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "*sterken"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: *sterken",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: *sterken"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "sterken"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Dutch: sterken",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Dutch: sterken"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "sterken"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: sterken",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: sterken"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "sterken"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: sterken",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: sterken"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "sterken"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle High German: sterken",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle High German: sterken"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "stärken"
          },
          "expansion": "German: stärken",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: stärken"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "*stark",
        "3": "*-jan",
        "id2": "factitive",
        "t1": "stiff, stark"
      },
      "expansion": "*stark (“stiff, stark”) + *-jan",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From *stark (“stiff, stark”) + *-jan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkijan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkijannjas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "genitive",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkijannjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "dative",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkijannju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkiju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkidēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkidōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkiþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkidē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkijum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkidum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkidud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkijanþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkidun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkijēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkijēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkidīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkijēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkidīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkijēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkidīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starki",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkijandī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "starkid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*starkijan",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/starkijan",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "starkēn"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Proto-West Germanic class 1 weak verbs",
        "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
        "Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (factitive)",
        "Proto-West Germanic verbs",
        "gmw-pro:Strength"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to strengthen, make stronger"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "strengthen",
          "strengthen"
        ],
        [
          "make",
          "make"
        ],
        [
          "stronger",
          "stronger"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "starkijan"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.