"spurnijan" meaning in Proto-West Germanic

See spurnijan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

Etymology: From Proto-Germanic *spurnijaną. Etymology templates: {{inh|gmw-pro|gem-pro|*spurnijaną}} Proto-Germanic *spurnijaną Head templates: {{head|gmw-pro|verb}} *spurnijan Inflection templates: {{gmw-infl-verb-wk1}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], spurnijan [class-1, infinitive, weak], spurnijannjas [class-1, genitive, infinitive, weak], spurnijannjē [class-1, dative, infinitive, weak], spurnijannju [class-1, infinitive, instrumental, weak], spurniju [class-1, first-person, present, singular, weak], spurnidā [class-1, first-person, past, singular, weak], spurnisi [class-1, present, second-person, singular, weak], spurnidēs [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], spurnidōs [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], spurniþi [class-1, present, singular, third-person, weak], spurnidē [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], spurnidā [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], spurnijum [class-1, first-person, plural, present, weak], spurnidum [class-1, first-person, past, plural, weak], spurniþ [class-1, plural, present, second-person, weak], spurnidud [class-1, past, plural, second-person, weak], spurnijanþ [class-1, plural, present, third-person, weak], spurnidun [class-1, past, plural, third-person, weak], spurnijē [class-1, first-person, present, singular, weak], spurnidī [class-1, first-person, past, singular, weak], spurnijēs [class-1, present, second-person, singular, weak], spurnidī [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], spurnijē [class-1, present, singular, third-person, weak], spurnidī [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], spurnijēm [class-1, first-person, plural, present, weak], spurnidīm [class-1, first-person, past, plural, weak], spurnijēþ [class-1, plural, present, second-person, weak], spurnidīd [class-1, past, plural, second-person, weak], spurnijēn [class-1, plural, present, third-person, weak], spurnidīn [class-1, past, plural, third-person, weak], spurni [class-1, present, singular, weak], spurniþ [class-1, plural, present, weak], spurnijandī [class-1, participle, present, weak], spurnid [class-1, participle, past, weak]
  1. to spur; push; kick Tags: reconstruction Related terms: sporōn, sporō, spurnan
    Sense id: en-spurnijan-gmw-pro-verb-5IMGb3ae Categories (other): Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header

Download JSON data for spurnijan meaning in Proto-West Germanic (5.8kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "spyrnan"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: spyrnan",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: spyrnan"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "spirnen",
            "3": "spernen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: spirnen, spernen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: spirnen, spernen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "*spurnen"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: *spurnen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: *spurnen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "witherspurnen",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Old Dutch: witherspurnen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Old Dutch: witherspurnen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "spurnen"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: spurnen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: spurnen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "spürnen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle High German: spürnen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle High German: spürnen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*spurnijaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *spurnijaną",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *spurnijaną.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnijan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnijannjas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "genitive",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnijannjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "dative",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnijannju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurniju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnidēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnidōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurniþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnidē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnijum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnidum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurniþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnidud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnijanþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnidun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnijēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnijēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnidīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnijēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnidīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnijēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnidīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurniþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnijandī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*spurnijan",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/spurnijan",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to spur; push; kick"
      ],
      "id": "en-spurnijan-gmw-pro-verb-5IMGb3ae",
      "links": [
        [
          "spur",
          "spur"
        ],
        [
          "push",
          "push"
        ],
        [
          "kick",
          "kick"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "sporōn"
        },
        {
          "word": "sporō"
        },
        {
          "word": "spurnan"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "spurnijan"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "spyrnan"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: spyrnan",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: spyrnan"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "spirnen",
            "3": "spernen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: spirnen, spernen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: spirnen, spernen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "*spurnen"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: *spurnen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: *spurnen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "witherspurnen",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Old Dutch: witherspurnen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Old Dutch: witherspurnen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "spurnen"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: spurnen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: spurnen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "spürnen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle High German: spürnen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle High German: spürnen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*spurnijaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *spurnijaną",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *spurnijaną.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnijan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnijannjas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "genitive",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnijannjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "dative",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnijannju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurniju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnidēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnidōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurniþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnidē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnijum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnidum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurniþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnidud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnijanþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnidun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnijēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnijēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnidīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnijēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnidīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnijēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnidīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurniþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnijandī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spurnid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*spurnijan",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/spurnijan",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "sporōn"
    },
    {
      "word": "sporō"
    },
    {
      "word": "spurnan"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Proto-West Germanic class 1 weak verbs",
        "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
        "Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
        "Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
        "Proto-West Germanic verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to spur; push; kick"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "spur",
          "spur"
        ],
        [
          "push",
          "push"
        ],
        [
          "kick",
          "kick"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "spurnijan"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.