smerēn in Proto-West Germanic

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Etymology: Uncertain. Perhaps from Proto-Germanic *smirāną (“to smile, laugh”); or an unattested strong verb *smeran, or from *smer (“mockery”) + *-ēn. Etymology templates: {{unc|gmw-pro}} Uncertain, {{inh|gmw-pro|gem-pro|*smirāną|t=to smile, laugh}} Proto-Germanic *smirāną (“to smile, laugh”), {{af|gmw-pro|*smer|*-ēn|id2=denominative|t1=mockery}} *smer (“mockery”) + *-ēn Head templates: {{head|gmw-pro|verb}} *smerēn Inflection templates: {{gmw-infl-verb-wk3}} Forms: weak [table-tags], smerēn [infinitive], smerēnijas [genitive, infinitive], smerēnijē [dative, infinitive], smerēniju [infinitive, instrumental], smerē [first-person, present, singular], smer?dā [first-person, past, singular], smerēs [present, second-person, singular], smer?dēs [past, second-person, singular], smerēþ [present, singular, third-person], smer?dē [past, singular, third-person], smer?dā [past, singular, third-person], smerēm [first-person, plural, present], smer?dum [first-person, past, plural], smerēþ [plural, present, second-person], smer?dud [past, plural, second-person], smerēnþ [plural, present, third-person], smer?dun [past, plural, third-person], smer?dī [first-person, past, singular], smer?dī [past, second-person, singular], smerē [present, singular, third-person], smer?dī [past, singular, third-person], smer?dīm [first-person, past, plural], smer?dīd [past, plural, second-person], smerēn [plural, present, third-person], smer?dīn [past, plural, third-person], smerē [present, singular], smerēþ [plural, present], smerēndī [participle, present], smer?d [participle, past]

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{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro"
      },
      "expansion": "Uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*smirāną",
        "t": "to smile, laugh"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *smirāną (“to smile, laugh”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "*smer",
        "3": "*-ēn",
        "id2": "denominative",
        "t1": "mockery"
      },
      "expansion": "*smer (“mockery”) + *-ēn",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain. Perhaps from Proto-Germanic *smirāną (“to smile, laugh”); or an unattested strong verb *smeran, or from *smer (“mockery”) + *-ēn.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk3",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smerēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smerēnijas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smerēnijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smerēniju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smerē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smer?dā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smerēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smer?dēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smerēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smer?dē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smer?dā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smerēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smer?dum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smerēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smer?dud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smerēnþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smer?dun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smer?dī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smer?dī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smerē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smer?dī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smer?dīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smer?dīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smerēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smer?dīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smerē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smerēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smerēndī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smer?d",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*smerēn",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk3"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/smerēn",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-ēn (denominative)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "bismerēn"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to mock, ridicule"
      ],
      "id": "en-smerēn-gmw-pro-verb-ca1a7ZU4",
      "links": [
        [
          "mock",
          "mock"
        ],
        [
          "ridicule",
          "ridicule"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "smarikōn"
        },
        {
          "word": "smarjan"
        },
        {
          "word": "smarōn"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "smerēn"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "bismerēn"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro"
      },
      "expansion": "Uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*smirāną",
        "t": "to smile, laugh"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *smirāną (“to smile, laugh”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "*smer",
        "3": "*-ēn",
        "id2": "denominative",
        "t1": "mockery"
      },
      "expansion": "*smer (“mockery”) + *-ēn",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain. Perhaps from Proto-Germanic *smirāną (“to smile, laugh”); or an unattested strong verb *smeran, or from *smer (“mockery”) + *-ēn.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk3",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smerēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smerēnijas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smerēnijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smerēniju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smerē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smer?dā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smerēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smer?dēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smerēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smer?dē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smer?dā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smerēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smer?dum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smerēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smer?dud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smerēnþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smer?dun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smer?dī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smer?dī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smerē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smer?dī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smer?dīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smer?dīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smerēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smer?dīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smerē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smerēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smerēndī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smer?d",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*smerēn",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk3"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/smerēn",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "smarikōn"
    },
    {
      "word": "smarjan"
    },
    {
      "word": "smarōn"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Proto-West Germanic class 3 weak verbs",
        "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
        "Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
        "Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
        "Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-ēn (denominative)",
        "Proto-West Germanic terms with unknown etymologies",
        "Proto-West Germanic verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to mock, ridicule"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mock",
          "mock"
        ],
        [
          "ridicule",
          "ridicule"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "smerēn"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (65a6e81 and 0dbea76). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

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"smerēn" meaning in Proto-West Germanic

Verb