See smalljan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "*smiellan"
},
"expansion": "Old English: *smiellan, *smillan, *smyllan, *smællan, *smellan\nMiddle English: smellen, smele, smeallen, smillen, smullen\nEnglish: smell\nScots: smell\nYola: smele, smoll",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: *smiellan, *smillan, *smyllan, *smællan, *smellan\nMiddle English: smellen, smele, smeallen, smillen, smullen\nEnglish: smell\nScots: smell\nYola: smele, smoll"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*smella",
"3": "*smela"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *smella, *smela",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: *smella, *smela"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "smeele"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: smeele",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: smeele"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "inh",
"3": "ine-pro>*(s)meld->to burn",
"id": "to burn"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)meld-",
"4": "",
"5": "to burn, smoulder, smoke; tar, pitch"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)meld- (“to burn, smoulder, smoke; tar, pitch”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "smilkyti",
"3": "",
"4": "to incense, fumigate"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian smilkyti (“to incense, fumigate”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "smilkti",
"3": "",
"4": "to smudge, smolder, fume, reek"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian smilkti (“to smudge, smolder, fume, reek”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "smalkinti",
"3": "",
"4": "to fume"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian smalkinti (“to fume”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "smiltys",
"3": "",
"4": "fine sand, dust"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian smiltys (“fine sand, dust”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "смола́",
"3": "",
"4": "resin, pitch, tar"
},
"expansion": "Russian смола́ (smolá, “resin, pitch, tar”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "smál"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish smál",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *(s)meld- (“to burn, smoulder, smoke; tar, pitch”). Cognate with Lithuanian smilkyti (“to incense, fumigate”), Lithuanian smilkti (“to smudge, smolder, fume, reek”), Lithuanian smalkinti (“to fume”), Lithuanian smiltys (“fine sand, dust”), Russian смола́ (smolá, “resin, pitch, tar”), Middle Irish smál, smól, smúal (“fire, gleed, embers, ashes”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "smalljan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"infinitive",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smalljannjas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"genitive",
"infinitive",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smalljannjē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"dative",
"infinitive",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smalljannju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"infinitive",
"instrumental",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smallju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smaldā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"past",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smalisi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smaldēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smaldōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smaliþi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smaldē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smaldā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smalljum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smaldum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"past",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smaliþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smaldud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smalljanþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smaldun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smalljē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smaldī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"past",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smalljēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smaldī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smalljē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smaldī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smalljēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smaldīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"past",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smalljēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smaldīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smalljēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smaldīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smali",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"present",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smaliþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"plural",
"present",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smalljandī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"participle",
"present",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smald",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"participle",
"past",
"weak"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*smalljan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/smalljan",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Anglo-Frisian Germanic",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries referencing etymons with invalid IDs",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Manda (Tanzania) terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [
"Terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to glow, burn, smoulder"
],
"id": "en-smalljan-gmw-pro-verb-UMq8hWIY",
"links": [
[
"glow",
"glow"
],
[
"burn",
"burn"
],
[
"smoulder",
"smoulder"
]
],
"qualifier": "Anglo-Frisian Germanic",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Anglo-Frisian Germanic) to glow, burn, smoulder"
],
"related": [
{
"sense": "Old Frisian: *smulia",
"word": "smulje"
},
{
"sense": "Low German",
"tags": [
"Low-Prussian"
],
"word": "schmölen"
},
{
"sense": "Low German",
"word": "Westmünsterländisch: schmöllen"
},
{
"sense": "Low German",
"word": "schmüllen"
},
{
"sense": "Dutch: smeulen",
"tags": [
"Afrikaans"
],
"word": "smeul"
},
{
"sense": "Dutch: smeulen",
"word": "→ West Frisian: smeule"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "smalljan"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "*smiellan"
},
"expansion": "Old English: *smiellan, *smillan, *smyllan, *smællan, *smellan\nMiddle English: smellen, smele, smeallen, smillen, smullen\nEnglish: smell\nScots: smell\nYola: smele, smoll",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: *smiellan, *smillan, *smyllan, *smællan, *smellan\nMiddle English: smellen, smele, smeallen, smillen, smullen\nEnglish: smell\nScots: smell\nYola: smele, smoll"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*smella",
"3": "*smela"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *smella, *smela",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: *smella, *smela"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "smeele"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: smeele",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: smeele"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "inh",
"3": "ine-pro>*(s)meld->to burn",
"id": "to burn"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)meld-",
"4": "",
"5": "to burn, smoulder, smoke; tar, pitch"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)meld- (“to burn, smoulder, smoke; tar, pitch”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "smilkyti",
"3": "",
"4": "to incense, fumigate"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian smilkyti (“to incense, fumigate”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "smilkti",
"3": "",
"4": "to smudge, smolder, fume, reek"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian smilkti (“to smudge, smolder, fume, reek”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "smalkinti",
"3": "",
"4": "to fume"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian smalkinti (“to fume”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "smiltys",
"3": "",
"4": "fine sand, dust"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian smiltys (“fine sand, dust”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "смола́",
"3": "",
"4": "resin, pitch, tar"
},
"expansion": "Russian смола́ (smolá, “resin, pitch, tar”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "smál"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish smál",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *(s)meld- (“to burn, smoulder, smoke; tar, pitch”). Cognate with Lithuanian smilkyti (“to incense, fumigate”), Lithuanian smilkti (“to smudge, smolder, fume, reek”), Lithuanian smalkinti (“to fume”), Lithuanian smiltys (“fine sand, dust”), Russian смола́ (smolá, “resin, pitch, tar”), Middle Irish smál, smól, smúal (“fire, gleed, embers, ashes”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "smalljan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"infinitive",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smalljannjas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"genitive",
"infinitive",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smalljannjē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"dative",
"infinitive",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smalljannju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"infinitive",
"instrumental",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smallju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smaldā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"past",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smalisi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smaldēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smaldōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smaliþi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smaldē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smaldā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smalljum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smaldum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"past",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smaliþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smaldud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smalljanþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smaldun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smalljē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smaldī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"past",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smalljēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smaldī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smalljē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smaldī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smalljēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smaldīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"past",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smalljēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smaldīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smalljēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smaldīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smali",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"present",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smaliþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"plural",
"present",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smalljandī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"participle",
"present",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "smald",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"participle",
"past",
"weak"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*smalljan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/smalljan",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"sense": "Old Frisian: *smulia",
"word": "smulje"
},
{
"sense": "Low German",
"tags": [
"Low-Prussian"
],
"word": "schmölen"
},
{
"sense": "Low German",
"word": "Westmünsterländisch: schmöllen"
},
{
"sense": "Low German",
"word": "schmüllen"
},
{
"sense": "Dutch: smeulen",
"tags": [
"Afrikaans"
],
"word": "smeul"
},
{
"sense": "Dutch: smeulen",
"word": "→ West Frisian: smeule"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Anglo-Frisian Germanic",
"Entries referencing etymons with invalid IDs",
"Manda (Tanzania) terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-West Germanic class 1 weak verbs",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-West Germanic verbs",
"gmw-pro:Fire",
"gmw-pro:Light"
],
"glosses": [
"to glow, burn, smoulder"
],
"links": [
[
"glow",
"glow"
],
[
"burn",
"burn"
],
[
"smoulder",
"smoulder"
]
],
"qualifier": "Anglo-Frisian Germanic",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Anglo-Frisian Germanic) to glow, burn, smoulder"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "smalljan"
}
Download raw JSONL data for smalljan meaning in Proto-West Germanic (7.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.