"skuddjan" meaning in Proto-West Germanic

See skuddjan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

Etymology: Unclear, attested in West Germanic only, possibly related to Lithuanian kutė́ti (“to shake”) Etymology templates: {{cog|lt|kutė́ti||to shake}} Lithuanian kutė́ti (“to shake”) Head templates: {{head|gmw-pro|verb}} *skuddjan Inflection templates: {{gmw-infl-verb-wk1}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], skuddjan [class-1, infinitive, weak], skuddjannjas [class-1, genitive, infinitive, weak], skuddjannjē [class-1, dative, infinitive, weak], skuddjannju [class-1, infinitive, instrumental, weak], skuddju [class-1, first-person, present, singular, weak], skuddā [class-1, first-person, past, singular, weak], skudisi [class-1, present, second-person, singular, weak], skuddēs [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], skuddōs [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], skudiþi [class-1, present, singular, third-person, weak], skuddē [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], skuddā [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], skuddjum [class-1, first-person, plural, present, weak], skuddum [class-1, first-person, past, plural, weak], skudiþ [class-1, plural, present, second-person, weak], skuddud [class-1, past, plural, second-person, weak], skuddjanþ [class-1, plural, present, third-person, weak], skuddun [class-1, past, plural, third-person, weak], skuddjē [class-1, first-person, present, singular, weak], skuddī [class-1, first-person, past, singular, weak], skuddjēs [class-1, present, second-person, singular, weak], skuddī [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], skuddjē [class-1, present, singular, third-person, weak], skuddī [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], skuddjēm [class-1, first-person, plural, present, weak], skuddīm [class-1, first-person, past, plural, weak], skuddjēþ [class-1, plural, present, second-person, weak], skuddīd [class-1, past, plural, second-person, weak], skuddjēn [class-1, plural, present, third-person, weak], skuddīn [class-1, past, plural, third-person, weak], skudi [class-1, present, singular, weak], skudiþ [class-1, plural, present, weak], skuddjandī [class-1, participle, present, weak], skudd [class-1, participle, past, weak]
  1. to shake Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-skuddjan-gmw-pro-verb-p8R9n899
  2. to shiver Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-skuddjan-gmw-pro-verb-uUj3bTq5 Categories (other): Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 25 75

Download JSON data for skuddjan meaning in Proto-West Germanic (6.1kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ofs",
            "2": "skedda"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Frisian: skedda",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Frisian: skedda"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "skuddian"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: skuddian",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: skuddian"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "schüdden"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: schüdden",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: schüdden"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "scudden"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: scudden\nMiddle Dutch: schudden\nDutch: schudden\nLimburgish: sjödde",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: scudden\nMiddle Dutch: schudden\nDutch: schudden\nLimburgish: sjödde"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "scutten"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: scutten",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: scutten"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "schütten"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle High German: schütten",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle High German: schütten"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "schütten"
          },
          "expansion": "German: schütten",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: schütten"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "kutė́ti",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to shake"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian kutė́ti (“to shake”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Unclear, attested in West Germanic only, possibly related to Lithuanian kutė́ti (“to shake”)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddjan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddjannjas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "genitive",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddjannjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "dative",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddjannju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skudisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skudiþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddjum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skudiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddjanþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddjēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddjēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddjēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddjēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skudi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skudiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddjandī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skudd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*skuddjan",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/skuddjan",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to shake"
      ],
      "id": "en-skuddjan-gmw-pro-verb-p8R9n899",
      "links": [
        [
          "shake",
          "shake"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "25 75",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to shiver"
      ],
      "id": "en-skuddjan-gmw-pro-verb-uUj3bTq5",
      "links": [
        [
          "shiver",
          "shiver"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Brill Publishers"
  ],
  "word": "skuddjan"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Proto-West Germanic class 1 weak verbs",
    "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
    "Proto-West Germanic verbs"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ofs",
            "2": "skedda"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Frisian: skedda",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Frisian: skedda"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "skuddian"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: skuddian",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: skuddian"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "schüdden"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: schüdden",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: schüdden"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "scudden"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: scudden\nMiddle Dutch: schudden\nDutch: schudden\nLimburgish: sjödde",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: scudden\nMiddle Dutch: schudden\nDutch: schudden\nLimburgish: sjödde"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "scutten"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: scutten",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: scutten"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "schütten"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle High German: schütten",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle High German: schütten"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "schütten"
          },
          "expansion": "German: schütten",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: schütten"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "kutė́ti",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to shake"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian kutė́ti (“to shake”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Unclear, attested in West Germanic only, possibly related to Lithuanian kutė́ti (“to shake”)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddjan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddjannjas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "genitive",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddjannjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "dative",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddjannju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skudisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skudiþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddjum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skudiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddjanþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddjēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddjēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddjēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddjēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skudi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skudiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuddjandī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skudd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*skuddjan",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/skuddjan",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to shake"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "shake",
          "shake"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to shiver"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "shiver",
          "shiver"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Brill Publishers"
  ],
  "word": "skuddjan"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-19 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-06 using wiktextract (372f256 and 664a3bc). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.