See rōþr in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "rōþor"
},
"expansion": "Old English: rōþor\nMiddle English: rother, rodder, rothre, ruder, rothyr, rothir, rothar, roþer\nEnglish: rudder, rother\nScots: rudder, ruther, ruder",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: rōþor\nMiddle English: rother, rodder, rothre, ruder, rothyr, rothir, rothar, roþer\nEnglish: rudder, rother\nScots: rudder, ruther, ruder"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "rōther",
"3": "rōder"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: rōther, rōder",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: rōther, rōder"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Ruur"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Ruur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Ruur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "roer"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: roer",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: roer"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*rōthar"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *rōthar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *rōthar"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "rôder"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: rôder",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: rôder"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Roor"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Roor",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: Roor"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "ror",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: ror",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: ror"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "róður",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Faroese: róður",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Faroese: róður"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "ror",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Norwegian: ror",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Norwegian: ror"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "rodher",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Swedish: rodher",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Swedish: rodher"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "roder"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: roder",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: roder"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*ruother"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *ruother",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *ruother"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "roeder"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: roeder",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: roeder"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "roer"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: roer\nAfrikaans: roer\n→ Russian: руль (rulʹ)\n→ Armenian: ռուլ (ṙul)\n→ Azerbaijani: rul\n→ Georgian: რული (ruli)\n→ Kazakh: рөл (röl)\n→ Persian: رل (rol)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: roer\nAfrikaans: roer\n→ Russian: руль (rulʹ)\n→ Armenian: ռուլ (ṙul)\n→ Azerbaijani: rul\n→ Georgian: რული (ruli)\n→ Kazakh: рөл (röl)\n→ Persian: رل (rol)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "ruodar",
"3": "ruoder"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: ruodar, ruoder",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: ruodar, ruoder"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "ruoder"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: ruoder",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: ruoder"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Ruder"
},
"expansion": "German: Ruder",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Ruder"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "Rudder"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish: Rudder",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luxembourgish: Rudder"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "רודער"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish: רודער (ruder)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yiddish: רודער (ruder)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*rōþrą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rōþrą",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*rōan",
"3": "*-þr",
"t1": "to row"
},
"expansion": "*rōan (“to row”) + *-þr",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *rōþrą. Equivalent to *rōan (“to row”) + *-þr.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Neuter a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "rōþr",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rōþru",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rōþr",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rōþru",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rōþras",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rōþrō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rōþrē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rōþrum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rōþru",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rōþrum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "*rōþr n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "n"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/rōþr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "60 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "63 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "91 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-þr",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"oar"
],
"id": "en-rōþr-gmw-pro-noun-IeX4mml1",
"links": [
[
"oar",
"oar"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*airu"
},
{
"word": "*rēmō"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"rudder"
],
"id": "en-rōþr-gmw-pro-noun-N9gPQ~Q8",
"links": [
[
"rudder",
"rudder"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "rōþr"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic neuter a-stem nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic neuter nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-þr"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "rōþor"
},
"expansion": "Old English: rōþor\nMiddle English: rother, rodder, rothre, ruder, rothyr, rothir, rothar, roþer\nEnglish: rudder, rother\nScots: rudder, ruther, ruder",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: rōþor\nMiddle English: rother, rodder, rothre, ruder, rothyr, rothir, rothar, roþer\nEnglish: rudder, rother\nScots: rudder, ruther, ruder"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "rōther",
"3": "rōder"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: rōther, rōder",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: rōther, rōder"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Ruur"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Ruur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Ruur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "roer"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: roer",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: roer"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*rōthar"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *rōthar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *rōthar"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "rôder"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: rôder",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: rôder"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Roor"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Roor",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: Roor"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "ror",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: ror",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: ror"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "róður",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Faroese: róður",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Faroese: róður"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "ror",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Norwegian: ror",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Norwegian: ror"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "rodher",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Swedish: rodher",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Swedish: rodher"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "roder"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: roder",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: roder"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*ruother"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *ruother",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *ruother"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "roeder"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: roeder",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: roeder"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "roer"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: roer\nAfrikaans: roer\n→ Russian: руль (rulʹ)\n→ Armenian: ռուլ (ṙul)\n→ Azerbaijani: rul\n→ Georgian: რული (ruli)\n→ Kazakh: рөл (röl)\n→ Persian: رل (rol)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: roer\nAfrikaans: roer\n→ Russian: руль (rulʹ)\n→ Armenian: ռուլ (ṙul)\n→ Azerbaijani: rul\n→ Georgian: რული (ruli)\n→ Kazakh: рөл (röl)\n→ Persian: رل (rol)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "ruodar",
"3": "ruoder"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: ruodar, ruoder",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: ruodar, ruoder"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "ruoder"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: ruoder",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: ruoder"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Ruder"
},
"expansion": "German: Ruder",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Ruder"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "Rudder"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish: Rudder",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luxembourgish: Rudder"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "רודער"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish: רודער (ruder)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yiddish: רודער (ruder)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*rōþrą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rōþrą",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*rōan",
"3": "*-þr",
"t1": "to row"
},
"expansion": "*rōan (“to row”) + *-þr",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *rōþrą. Equivalent to *rōan (“to row”) + *-þr.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Neuter a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "rōþr",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rōþru",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rōþr",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rōþru",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rōþras",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rōþrō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rōþrē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rōþrum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rōþru",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rōþrum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "*rōþr n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "n"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/rōþr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"gmw-pro:Tools",
"gmw-pro:Watercraft"
],
"glosses": [
"oar"
],
"links": [
[
"oar",
"oar"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*airu"
},
{
"word": "*rēmō"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"rudder"
],
"links": [
[
"rudder",
"rudder"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "rōþr"
}
Download raw JSONL data for rōþr meaning in Proto-West Germanic (6.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-09-20 using wiktextract (af5c55c and 66545a6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.