"nīþijan" meaning in Proto-West Germanic

See nīþijan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

Etymology: From Proto-Germanic *nīþijaną. Equivalent to *nīþ (“hate, envy, malice”) + *-jan. Etymology templates: {{inh|gmw-pro|gem-pro|*nīþijaną}} Proto-Germanic *nīþijaną, {{af|gmw-pro|*nīþ|*-jan|id2=denominative|t1=hate, envy, malice}} *nīþ (“hate, envy, malice”) + *-jan Head templates: {{head|gmw-pro|verb}} *nīþijan Inflection templates: {{gmw-infl-verb-wk1}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], nīþijan [class-1, infinitive, weak], nīþijannjas [class-1, genitive, infinitive, weak], nīþijannjē [class-1, dative, infinitive, weak], nīþijannju [class-1, infinitive, instrumental, weak], nīþiju [class-1, first-person, present, singular, weak], nīþidā [class-1, first-person, past, singular, weak], nīþisi [class-1, present, second-person, singular, weak], nīþidēs [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], nīþidōs [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], nīþiþi [class-1, present, singular, third-person, weak], nīþidē [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], nīþidā [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], nīþijum [class-1, first-person, plural, present, weak], nīþidum [class-1, first-person, past, plural, weak], nīþiþ [class-1, plural, present, second-person, weak], nīþidud [class-1, past, plural, second-person, weak], nīþijanþ [class-1, plural, present, third-person, weak], nīþidun [class-1, past, plural, third-person, weak], nīþijē [class-1, first-person, present, singular, weak], nīþidī [class-1, first-person, past, singular, weak], nīþijēs [class-1, present, second-person, singular, weak], nīþidī [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], nīþijē [class-1, present, singular, third-person, weak], nīþidī [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], nīþijēm [class-1, first-person, plural, present, weak], nīþidīm [class-1, first-person, past, plural, weak], nīþijēþ [class-1, plural, present, second-person, weak], nīþidīd [class-1, past, plural, second-person, weak], nīþijēn [class-1, plural, present, third-person, weak], nīþidīn [class-1, past, plural, third-person, weak], nīþi [class-1, present, singular, weak], nīþiþ [class-1, plural, present, weak], nīþijandī [class-1, participle, present, weak], nīþid [class-1, participle, past, weak]
  1. to revile Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-nīþijan-gmw-pro-verb-Ok0fgCSu Categories (other): Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (denominative) Disambiguation of Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 54 46 Disambiguation of Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (denominative): 50 50
  2. to despise Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-nīþijan-gmw-pro-verb-pfTnW8oP Categories (other): Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (denominative) Disambiguation of Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 54 46 Disambiguation of Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (denominative): 50 50

Download JSON data for nīþijan meaning in Proto-West Germanic (7.1kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "nīþan"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: nīþan",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: nīþan"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "nīthen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: nīthen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: nīthen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "*nīthian"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: *nīthian",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: *nīthian"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "nīden"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: nīden",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: nīden"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "nīthen"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: nīthen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: nīthen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "niden"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Dutch: niden",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Dutch: niden"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "nijden"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: nijden",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: nijden"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "nīden"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: nīden",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: nīden"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "nīden"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle High German: nīden",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle High German: nīden"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "neiden"
          },
          "expansion": "German: neiden",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: neiden"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*nīþijaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *nīþijaną",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "*nīþ",
        "3": "*-jan",
        "id2": "denominative",
        "t1": "hate, envy, malice"
      },
      "expansion": "*nīþ (“hate, envy, malice”) + *-jan",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *nīþijaną. Equivalent to *nīþ (“hate, envy, malice”) + *-jan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþijan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþijannjas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "genitive",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþijannjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "dative",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþijannju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþiju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþidēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþidōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþiþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþidē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþijum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþidum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþidud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþijanþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþidun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþijēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþijēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþidīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþijēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþidīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþijēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþidīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþijandī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*nīþijan",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/nīþijan",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "54 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (denominative)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to revile"
      ],
      "id": "en-nīþijan-gmw-pro-verb-Ok0fgCSu",
      "links": [
        [
          "revile",
          "revile"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "54 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (denominative)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to despise"
      ],
      "id": "en-nīþijan-gmw-pro-verb-pfTnW8oP",
      "links": [
        [
          "despise",
          "despise"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "nīþijan"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Proto-West Germanic class 1 weak verbs",
    "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
    "Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (denominative)",
    "Proto-West Germanic verbs"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "nīþan"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: nīþan",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: nīþan"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "nīthen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: nīthen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: nīthen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "*nīthian"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: *nīthian",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: *nīthian"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "nīden"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: nīden",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: nīden"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "nīthen"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: nīthen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: nīthen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "niden"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Dutch: niden",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Dutch: niden"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "nijden"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: nijden",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: nijden"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "nīden"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: nīden",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: nīden"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "nīden"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle High German: nīden",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle High German: nīden"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "neiden"
          },
          "expansion": "German: neiden",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: neiden"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*nīþijaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *nīþijaną",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "*nīþ",
        "3": "*-jan",
        "id2": "denominative",
        "t1": "hate, envy, malice"
      },
      "expansion": "*nīþ (“hate, envy, malice”) + *-jan",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *nīþijaną. Equivalent to *nīþ (“hate, envy, malice”) + *-jan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþijan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþijannjas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "genitive",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþijannjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "dative",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþijannju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþiju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþidēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþidōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþiþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþidē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþijum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþidum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþidud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþijanþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþidun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþijēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþijēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþidīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþijēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþidīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþijēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþidīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþijandī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīþid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*nīþijan",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/nīþijan",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to revile"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "revile",
          "revile"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to despise"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "despise",
          "despise"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "nīþijan"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-19 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-06 using wiktextract (372f256 and 664a3bc). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.