"luftijan" meaning in Proto-West Germanic

See luftijan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

Etymology: From Proto-Germanic *luftijaną. Equivalent to *luftu (“air”) + *-jan. Etymology templates: {{inh|gmw-pro|gem-pro|*luftijaną}} Proto-Germanic *luftijaną, {{suffix|gmw-pro|*luftu|*-jan|id2=denominative|t1=air}} *luftu (“air”) + *-jan Head templates: {{head|gmw-pro|verb}} *luftijan Inflection templates: {{gmw-infl-verb-wk1}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], luftijan [class-1, infinitive, weak], luftijannjas [class-1, genitive, infinitive, weak], luftijannjē [class-1, dative, infinitive, weak], luftijannju [class-1, infinitive, instrumental, weak], luftiju [class-1, first-person, present, singular, weak], luftidā [class-1, first-person, past, singular, weak], luftisi [class-1, present, second-person, singular, weak], luftidēs [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], luftidōs [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], luftiþi [class-1, present, singular, third-person, weak], luftidē [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], luftidā [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], luftijum [class-1, first-person, plural, present, weak], luftidum [class-1, first-person, past, plural, weak], luftiþ [class-1, plural, present, second-person, weak], luftidud [class-1, past, plural, second-person, weak], luftijanþ [class-1, plural, present, third-person, weak], luftidun [class-1, past, plural, third-person, weak], luftijē [class-1, first-person, present, singular, weak], luftidī [class-1, first-person, past, singular, weak], luftijēs [class-1, present, second-person, singular, weak], luftidī [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], luftijē [class-1, present, singular, third-person, weak], luftidī [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], luftijēm [class-1, first-person, plural, present, weak], luftidīm [class-1, first-person, past, plural, weak], luftijēþ [class-1, plural, present, second-person, weak], luftidīd [class-1, past, plural, second-person, weak], luftijēn [class-1, plural, present, third-person, weak], luftidīn [class-1, past, plural, third-person, weak], lufti [class-1, present, singular, weak], luftiþ [class-1, plural, present, weak], luftijandī [class-1, participle, present, weak], luftid [class-1, participle, past, weak]
  1. to air; put or raise into the air; raise aloft; elevate; lift Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-luftijan-gmw-pro-verb-Bd3pDZ1D Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (denominative)
     
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "German",
                  "lang_code": "de",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "lichten"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "German Low German",
              "lang_code": "nds-de",
              "word": "luchten"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "German",
                  "lang_code": "de",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "lichten"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "German Low German",
              "lang_code": "nds-de",
              "word": "lüchten"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "German",
                  "lang_code": "de",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "lichten"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "German Low German",
              "lang_code": "nds-de",
              "word": "lichten"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Low German",
          "lang_code": "gml",
          "word": "lüchten"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Saxon",
      "lang_code": "osx",
      "word": "*luftian"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "West Frisian",
                  "lang_code": "fy",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "luchte"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "West Frisian",
                  "lang_code": "fy",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "luchtsje"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Dutch",
              "lang_code": "nl",
              "word": "luchten"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Dutch",
          "lang_code": "dum",
          "word": "luchten"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Dutch",
      "lang_code": "odt",
      "word": "*luften"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Saterland Frisian",
                  "lang_code": "stq",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "lüftje"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "German",
              "lang_code": "de",
              "word": "lüften"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Luxembourgish",
              "lang_code": "lb",
              "word": "lëften"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle High German",
          "lang_code": "gmh",
          "word": "lüften"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old High German",
      "lang_code": "goh",
      "word": "*luften"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*luftijaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *luftijaną",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "*luftu",
        "3": "*-jan",
        "id2": "denominative",
        "t1": "air"
      },
      "expansion": "*luftu (“air”) + *-jan",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *luftijaną. Equivalent to *luftu (“air”) + *-jan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftijan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftijannjas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "genitive",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftijannjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "dative",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftijannju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftiju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftidēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftidōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftiþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftidē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftijum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftidum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftidud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftijanþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftidun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftijēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftijēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftidīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftijēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftidīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftijēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftidīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lufti",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftijandī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*luftijan",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/luftijan",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (denominative)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to air; put or raise into the air; raise aloft; elevate; lift"
      ],
      "id": "en-luftijan-gmw-pro-verb-Bd3pDZ1D",
      "links": [
        [
          "air",
          "air"
        ],
        [
          "put",
          "put"
        ],
        [
          "raise",
          "raise"
        ],
        [
          "aloft",
          "aloft"
        ],
        [
          "elevate",
          "elevate"
        ],
        [
          "lift",
          "lift"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "luftijan"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "German",
                  "lang_code": "de",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "lichten"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "German Low German",
              "lang_code": "nds-de",
              "word": "luchten"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "German",
                  "lang_code": "de",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "lichten"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "German Low German",
              "lang_code": "nds-de",
              "word": "lüchten"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "German",
                  "lang_code": "de",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "lichten"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "German Low German",
              "lang_code": "nds-de",
              "word": "lichten"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Low German",
          "lang_code": "gml",
          "word": "lüchten"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Saxon",
      "lang_code": "osx",
      "word": "*luftian"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "West Frisian",
                  "lang_code": "fy",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "luchte"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "West Frisian",
                  "lang_code": "fy",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "luchtsje"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Dutch",
              "lang_code": "nl",
              "word": "luchten"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Dutch",
          "lang_code": "dum",
          "word": "luchten"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Dutch",
      "lang_code": "odt",
      "word": "*luften"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Saterland Frisian",
                  "lang_code": "stq",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "lüftje"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "German",
              "lang_code": "de",
              "word": "lüften"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Luxembourgish",
              "lang_code": "lb",
              "word": "lëften"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle High German",
          "lang_code": "gmh",
          "word": "lüften"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old High German",
      "lang_code": "goh",
      "word": "*luften"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*luftijaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *luftijaną",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "*luftu",
        "3": "*-jan",
        "id2": "denominative",
        "t1": "air"
      },
      "expansion": "*luftu (“air”) + *-jan",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *luftijaną. Equivalent to *luftu (“air”) + *-jan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftijan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftijannjas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "genitive",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftijannjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "dative",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftijannju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftiju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftidēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftidōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftiþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftidē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftijum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftidum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftidud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftijanþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftidun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftijēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftijēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftidīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftijēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftidīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftijēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftidīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lufti",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftijandī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luftid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*luftijan",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/luftijan",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Proto-West Germanic class 1 weak verbs",
        "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
        "Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
        "Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
        "Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (denominative)",
        "Proto-West Germanic verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to air; put or raise into the air; raise aloft; elevate; lift"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "air",
          "air"
        ],
        [
          "put",
          "put"
        ],
        [
          "raise",
          "raise"
        ],
        [
          "aloft",
          "aloft"
        ],
        [
          "elevate",
          "elevate"
        ],
        [
          "lift",
          "lift"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "luftijan"
}

Download raw JSONL data for luftijan meaning in Proto-West Germanic (6.6kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-09-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-23 using wiktextract (20da82b and a97feda). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.