See lūtēn in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "lūtian"
},
"expansion": "Old English: lūtian",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: lūtian"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "lūzēn"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: lūzēn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: lūzēn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "lūzen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: lūzen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: lūzen"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Closely related to the strong verb *lūtan (“to bow down, lout”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk3",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lūtēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "lūtēnijas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "lūtēnijē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "lūtēniju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "lūtē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lūt?dā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lūtēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lūt?dēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lūtēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lūt?dē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lūt?dā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lūtēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lūt?dum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lūtēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lūt?dud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lūtēnþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lūt?dun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lūt?dī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lūt?dī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lūtē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lūt?dī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lūt?dīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lūt?dīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lūtēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lūt?dīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lūtē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lūtēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lūtēndī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lūt?d",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*lūtēn",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk3"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/lūtēn",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be hidden, concealed"
],
"id": "en-lūtēn-gmw-pro-verb-Yvy-4T2g",
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"hidden",
"hidden"
],
[
"concealed",
"concealed"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "luttjan"
},
{
"word": "lutōn"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "lūtēn"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "lūtian"
},
"expansion": "Old English: lūtian",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: lūtian"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "lūzēn"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: lūzēn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: lūzēn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "lūzen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: lūzen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: lūzen"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Closely related to the strong verb *lūtan (“to bow down, lout”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk3",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lūtēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "lūtēnijas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "lūtēnijē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "lūtēniju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "lūtē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lūt?dā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lūtēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lūt?dēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lūtēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lūt?dē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lūt?dā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lūtēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lūt?dum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lūtēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lūt?dud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lūtēnþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lūt?dun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lūt?dī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lūt?dī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lūtē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lūt?dī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lūt?dīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lūt?dīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lūtēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lūt?dīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lūtē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lūtēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lūtēndī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lūt?d",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*lūtēn",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk3"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/lūtēn",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "luttjan"
},
{
"word": "lutōn"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-West Germanic class 3 weak verbs",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic verbs",
"gmw-pro:Secrecy"
],
"glosses": [
"to be hidden, concealed"
],
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"hidden",
"hidden"
],
[
"concealed",
"concealed"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "lūtēn"
}
Download raw JSONL data for lūtēn meaning in Proto-West Germanic (4.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-21 using wiktextract (7c21d10 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.