"lāwijan" meaning in Proto-West Germanic

See lāwijan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

Etymology: From Proto-Germanic *lēwijaną. Etymology templates: {{inh|gmw-pro|gem-pro|*lēwijaną}} Proto-Germanic *lēwijaną Head templates: {{head|gmw-pro|verb}} *lāwijan Inflection templates: {{gmw-infl-verb-wk1}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], lāwijan [class-1, infinitive, weak], lāwijannjas [class-1, genitive, infinitive, weak], lāwijannjē [class-1, dative, infinitive, weak], lāwijannju [class-1, infinitive, instrumental, weak], lāwiju [class-1, first-person, present, singular, weak], lāwidā [class-1, first-person, past, singular, weak], lāwisi [class-1, present, second-person, singular, weak], lāwidēs [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], lāwidōs [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], lāwiþi [class-1, present, singular, third-person, weak], lāwidē [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], lāwidā [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], lāwijum [class-1, first-person, plural, present, weak], lāwidum [class-1, first-person, past, plural, weak], lāwiþ [class-1, plural, present, second-person, weak], lāwidud [class-1, past, plural, second-person, weak], lāwijanþ [class-1, plural, present, third-person, weak], lāwidun [class-1, past, plural, third-person, weak], lāwijē [class-1, first-person, present, singular, weak], lāwidī [class-1, first-person, past, singular, weak], lāwijēs [class-1, present, second-person, singular, weak], lāwidī [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], lāwijē [class-1, present, singular, third-person, weak], lāwidī [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], lāwijēm [class-1, first-person, plural, present, weak], lāwidīm [class-1, first-person, past, plural, weak], lāwijēþ [class-1, plural, present, second-person, weak], lāwidīd [class-1, past, plural, second-person, weak], lāwijēn [class-1, plural, present, third-person, weak], lāwidīn [class-1, past, plural, third-person, weak], lāwi [class-1, present, singular, weak], lāwiþ [class-1, plural, present, weak], lāwijandī [class-1, participle, present, weak], lāwid [class-1, participle, past, weak]
  1. to betray Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-lāwijan-gmw-pro-verb-HGe6LPRa Categories (other): Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header, Undetermined quotations with omitted translation

Download JSON data for lāwijan meaning in Proto-West Germanic (7.0kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "lǣwan"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: lǣwan",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: lǣwan"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "lǣwede",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Old English: lǣwede",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Old English: lǣwede"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "lewede",
            "3": "lewed"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: lewede, lewed",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: lewede, lewed"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "lawit",
            "3": "lewit",
            "4": "lewd"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: lawit, lewit, lewd",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: lawit, lewit, lewd"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "lewd"
          },
          "expansion": "English: lewd",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: lewd"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "belǣwan",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Old English: belǣwan",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Old English: belǣwan"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "belewen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: belewen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: belewen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "lǣwa",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Old English: lǣwa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Old English: lǣwa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "lewe",
            "der": "1",
            "pos": "adjective"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Middle English: lewe (adjective)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Middle English: lewe (adjective)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "*lāwen",
            "3": "*lāen"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: *lāwen, *lāen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: *lāwen, *lāen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "firlāwen",
            "3": "firlāen",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Old High German: firlāwen, firlāen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Old High German: firlāwen, firlāen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "gilāwen",
            "3": "gilāen",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Old High German: gilāwen, gilāen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Old High German: gilāwen, gilāen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*lēwijaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *lēwijaną",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *lēwijaną.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwijan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwijannjas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "genitive",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwijannjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "dative",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwijannju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwiju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwidēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwidōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwiþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwidē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwijum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwidum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwidud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwijanþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwidun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwijēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwijēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwidīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwijēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwidīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwijēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwidīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwijandī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*lāwijan",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/lāwijan",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Undetermined quotations with omitted translation",
          "parents": [
            "Quotations with omitted translation",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to betray"
      ],
      "id": "en-lāwijan-gmw-pro-verb-HGe6LPRa",
      "links": [
        [
          "betray",
          "betray"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "lāwijan"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "lǣwan"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: lǣwan",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: lǣwan"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "lǣwede",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Old English: lǣwede",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Old English: lǣwede"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "lewede",
            "3": "lewed"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: lewede, lewed",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: lewede, lewed"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "lawit",
            "3": "lewit",
            "4": "lewd"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: lawit, lewit, lewd",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: lawit, lewit, lewd"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "lewd"
          },
          "expansion": "English: lewd",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: lewd"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "belǣwan",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Old English: belǣwan",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Old English: belǣwan"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "belewen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: belewen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: belewen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "lǣwa",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Old English: lǣwa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Old English: lǣwa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "lewe",
            "der": "1",
            "pos": "adjective"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Middle English: lewe (adjective)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Middle English: lewe (adjective)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "*lāwen",
            "3": "*lāen"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: *lāwen, *lāen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: *lāwen, *lāen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "firlāwen",
            "3": "firlāen",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Old High German: firlāwen, firlāen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Old High German: firlāwen, firlāen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "gilāwen",
            "3": "gilāen",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Old High German: gilāwen, gilāen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Old High German: gilāwen, gilāen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*lēwijaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *lēwijaną",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *lēwijaną.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwijan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwijannjas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "genitive",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwijannjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "dative",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwijannju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwiju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwidēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwidōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwiþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwidē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwijum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwidum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwidud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwijanþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwidun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwijēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwijēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwidīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwijēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwidīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwijēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwidīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwijandī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lāwid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*lāwijan",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/lāwijan",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Proto-West Germanic class 1 weak verbs",
        "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
        "Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
        "Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
        "Proto-West Germanic verbs",
        "Undetermined quotations with omitted translation",
        "Undetermined terms with quotations",
        "gmw-pro:Deception"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to betray"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "betray",
          "betray"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "lāwijan"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.