See kwād in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for kwād meaning in Proto-West Germanic (12.4kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "*cwǣd",
"3": "*cwēad"
},
"expansion": "Old English: *cwǣd, *cwēad",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: *cwǣd, *cwēad"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "qued",
"id": "bad"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: qued\nScots: quad, quaid, queid",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: qued\nScots: quad, quaid, queid"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "quād"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: quād",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: quād"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "kwood"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: kwood",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: kwood"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "kwea"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: kwea",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: kwea"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*quād"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *quād",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *quād"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "quât"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: quât",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: quât"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "quaad"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: quaad",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: quaad"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "quaad"
},
"expansion": "Low German: quaad",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Low German: quaad"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "quād"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: quād",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: quād"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "quaet",
"id": "bad"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: quaet\nDutch: kwaad\nLimburgish: kwaod",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: quaet\nDutch: kwaad\nLimburgish: kwaod"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "*quāt"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: *quāt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: *quāt"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "quāt"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: quāt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: quāt"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-cfr",
"2": "kodd"
},
"expansion": "Central Franconian: kodd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Franconian: kodd"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷewh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*kwēdaz",
"t": "defecated, filthy"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kwēdaz (“defecated, filthy”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*gʷweh₁-tó-s, *gʷuh₁-tó-s",
"t": "defecated"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷweh₁-tó-s, *gʷuh₁-tó-s (“defecated”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*gʷewh₁-",
"3": "*-tós",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "to defecate"
},
"expansion": "*gʷewh₁- (“to defecate”) + *-tós",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "կու"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian կու (ku)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *kwēdaz (“defecated, filthy”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷweh₁-tó-s, *gʷuh₁-tó-s (“defecated”), from *gʷewh₁- (“to defecate”) + *-tós. Cognate with Old Armenian կու (ku), կոյ (koy, “excrement”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-adj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kwād",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwād",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādanā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwād",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādeʀā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādumē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādeʀē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādumē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādeʀu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādeʀō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādeʀō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādeʀō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "*kwād",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kwād",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"bad, evil"
],
"id": "en-kwād-gmw-pro-adj-gmw_pro:bad",
"links": [
[
"bad",
"bad"
],
[
"evil",
"evil"
]
],
"senseid": [
"gmw-pro:bad"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kwād"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "cwēad"
},
"expansion": "Old English: cwēad\nMiddle English: qued",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: cwēad\nMiddle English: qued"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "quād"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: quād",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: quād"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Keete",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Saterland Frisian: Keete",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Saterland Frisian: Keete"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "kwea",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? West Frisian: kwea",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? West Frisian: kwea; kjitte"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*kwād"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *kwād",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *kwād"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "quât"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: quât",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: quât"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Quaad"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Quaad",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: Quaad"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*kwād"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *kwād",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *kwād"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "quaet",
"id": "evilness"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: quaet\nDutch: kwaad\nLimburgish: kwaod",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: quaet\nDutch: kwaad\nLimburgish: kwaod"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "quāt"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: quāt, kōt\nMiddle High German: quāt, kāt, quōt, kōt\nGerman: Kot\nCimbrian: khòat",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: quāt, kōt\nMiddle High German: quāt, kāt, quōt, kōt\nGerman: Kot\nCimbrian: khòat"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷewh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*kwēdaz",
"t": "defecated, filthy"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kwēdaz (“defecated, filthy”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*gʷweh₁-tó-s, *gʷuh₁-tó-s",
"t": "defecated"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷweh₁-tó-s, *gʷuh₁-tó-s (“defecated”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*gʷewh₁-",
"3": "*-tós",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "to defecate"
},
"expansion": "*gʷewh₁- (“to defecate”) + *-tós",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "կու"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian կու (ku)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *kwēdaz (“defecated, filthy”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷweh₁-tó-s, *gʷuh₁-tó-s (“defecated”), from *gʷewh₁- (“to defecate”) + *-tós. Cognate with Old Armenian կու (ku), կոյ (koy, “excrement”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Neuter a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kwād",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwād",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "*kwād n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "n"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kwād",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"dung, feces"
],
"id": "en-kwād-gmw-pro-noun-gmw_pro:dung",
"links": [
[
"dung",
"dung"
],
[
"feces",
"feces"
]
],
"senseid": [
"gmw-pro:dung"
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"filth, mud"
],
"id": "en-kwād-gmw-pro-noun-einMalQD",
"links": [
[
"filth",
"filth"
],
[
"mud",
"mud"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 19 10 68",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wickedness, evilness"
],
"id": "en-kwād-gmw-pro-noun-nKse-h6E",
"links": [
[
"wickedness",
"wickedness"
],
[
"evilness",
"evilness"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Elmar Seebold",
"Etymological Dictionary of the German Language",
"de:Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache"
],
"word": "kwād"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-West Germanic a-stem adjectives",
"Proto-West Germanic adjectives",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic neuter a-stem nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic neuter nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷewh₁-",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "*cwǣd",
"3": "*cwēad"
},
"expansion": "Old English: *cwǣd, *cwēad",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: *cwǣd, *cwēad"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "qued",
"id": "bad"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: qued\nScots: quad, quaid, queid",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: qued\nScots: quad, quaid, queid"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "quād"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: quād",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: quād"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "kwood"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: kwood",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: kwood"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "kwea"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: kwea",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: kwea"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*quād"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *quād",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *quād"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "quât"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: quât",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: quât"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "quaad"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: quaad",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: quaad"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "quaad"
},
"expansion": "Low German: quaad",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Low German: quaad"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "quād"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: quād",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: quād"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "quaet",
"id": "bad"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: quaet\nDutch: kwaad\nLimburgish: kwaod",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: quaet\nDutch: kwaad\nLimburgish: kwaod"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "*quāt"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: *quāt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: *quāt"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "quāt"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: quāt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: quāt"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-cfr",
"2": "kodd"
},
"expansion": "Central Franconian: kodd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Franconian: kodd"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷewh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*kwēdaz",
"t": "defecated, filthy"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kwēdaz (“defecated, filthy”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*gʷweh₁-tó-s, *gʷuh₁-tó-s",
"t": "defecated"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷweh₁-tó-s, *gʷuh₁-tó-s (“defecated”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*gʷewh₁-",
"3": "*-tós",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "to defecate"
},
"expansion": "*gʷewh₁- (“to defecate”) + *-tós",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "կու"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian կու (ku)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *kwēdaz (“defecated, filthy”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷweh₁-tó-s, *gʷuh₁-tó-s (“defecated”), from *gʷewh₁- (“to defecate”) + *-tós. Cognate with Old Armenian կու (ku), կոյ (koy, “excrement”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-adj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kwād",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwād",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādanā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwād",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādeʀā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādumē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādeʀē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādumē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādeʀu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādeʀō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādeʀō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādeʀō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "*kwād",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kwād",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"gmw-pro:Evil"
],
"glosses": [
"bad, evil"
],
"links": [
[
"bad",
"bad"
],
[
"evil",
"evil"
]
],
"senseid": [
"gmw-pro:bad"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kwād"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-West Germanic a-stem adjectives",
"Proto-West Germanic adjectives",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic neuter a-stem nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic neuter nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷewh₁-",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "cwēad"
},
"expansion": "Old English: cwēad\nMiddle English: qued",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: cwēad\nMiddle English: qued"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "quād"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: quād",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: quād"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Keete",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Saterland Frisian: Keete",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Saterland Frisian: Keete"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "kwea",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? West Frisian: kwea",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? West Frisian: kwea; kjitte"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*kwād"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *kwād",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *kwād"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "quât"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: quât",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: quât"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Quaad"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Quaad",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: Quaad"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*kwād"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *kwād",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *kwād"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "quaet",
"id": "evilness"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: quaet\nDutch: kwaad\nLimburgish: kwaod",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: quaet\nDutch: kwaad\nLimburgish: kwaod"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "quāt"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: quāt, kōt\nMiddle High German: quāt, kāt, quōt, kōt\nGerman: Kot\nCimbrian: khòat",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: quāt, kōt\nMiddle High German: quāt, kāt, quōt, kōt\nGerman: Kot\nCimbrian: khòat"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷewh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*kwēdaz",
"t": "defecated, filthy"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kwēdaz (“defecated, filthy”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*gʷweh₁-tó-s, *gʷuh₁-tó-s",
"t": "defecated"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷweh₁-tó-s, *gʷuh₁-tó-s (“defecated”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*gʷewh₁-",
"3": "*-tós",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "to defecate"
},
"expansion": "*gʷewh₁- (“to defecate”) + *-tós",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "կու"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian կու (ku)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *kwēdaz (“defecated, filthy”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷweh₁-tó-s, *gʷuh₁-tó-s (“defecated”), from *gʷewh₁- (“to defecate”) + *-tós. Cognate with Old Armenian կու (ku), կոյ (koy, “excrement”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Neuter a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kwād",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwād",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwādum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "*kwād n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "n"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kwād",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"dung, feces"
],
"links": [
[
"dung",
"dung"
],
[
"feces",
"feces"
]
],
"senseid": [
"gmw-pro:dung"
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"filth, mud"
],
"links": [
[
"filth",
"filth"
],
[
"mud",
"mud"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"wickedness, evilness"
],
"links": [
[
"wickedness",
"wickedness"
],
[
"evilness",
"evilness"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Elmar Seebold",
"Etymological Dictionary of the German Language",
"de:Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache"
],
"word": "kwād"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-19 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-06 using wiktextract (372f256 and 664a3bc). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.