"kraftijan" meaning in Proto-West Germanic

See kraftijan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

Etymology: From *kraftu (“strength”) + *-jan. Etymology templates: {{suffix|gmw-pro|*kraftu|*-jan|id2=denominative|t1=strength}} *kraftu (“strength”) + *-jan Head templates: {{head|gmw-pro|verb}} *kraftijan Inflection templates: {{gmw-infl-verb-wk1}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], kraftijan [class-1, infinitive, weak], kraftijannjas [class-1, genitive, infinitive, weak], kraftijannjē [class-1, dative, infinitive, weak], kraftijannju [class-1, infinitive, instrumental, weak], kraftiju [class-1, first-person, present, singular, weak], kraftidā [class-1, first-person, past, singular, weak], kraftisi [class-1, present, second-person, singular, weak], kraftidēs [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], kraftidōs [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], kraftiþi [class-1, present, singular, third-person, weak], kraftidē [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], kraftidā [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], kraftijum [class-1, first-person, plural, present, weak], kraftidum [class-1, first-person, past, plural, weak], kraftiþ [class-1, plural, present, second-person, weak], kraftidud [class-1, past, plural, second-person, weak], kraftijanþ [class-1, plural, present, third-person, weak], kraftidun [class-1, past, plural, third-person, weak], kraftijē [class-1, first-person, present, singular, weak], kraftidī [class-1, first-person, past, singular, weak], kraftijēs [class-1, present, second-person, singular, weak], kraftidī [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], kraftijē [class-1, present, singular, third-person, weak], kraftidī [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], kraftijēm [class-1, first-person, plural, present, weak], kraftidīm [class-1, first-person, past, plural, weak], kraftijēþ [class-1, plural, present, second-person, weak], kraftidīd [class-1, past, plural, second-person, weak], kraftijēn [class-1, plural, present, third-person, weak], kraftidīn [class-1, past, plural, third-person, weak], krafti [class-1, present, singular, weak], kraftiþ [class-1, plural, present, weak], kraftijandī [class-1, participle, present, weak], kraftid [class-1, participle, past, weak]
  1. to strengthen, make stronger Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-kraftijan-gmw-pro-verb-TdRUod07
  2. to build, construct Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-kraftijan-gmw-pro-verb-LIho60Gm Categories (other): Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (denominative) Disambiguation of Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 40 60 Disambiguation of Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (denominative): 25 75

Download JSON data for kraftijan meaning in Proto-West Germanic (6.6kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "cræftan"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: cræftan",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: cræftan"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "craften",
            "3": "creften"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: craften, creften",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: craften, creften"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "craft"
          },
          "expansion": "English: craft",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: craft"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ofs",
            "2": "krefta"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Frisian: krefta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Frisian: krefta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "*kreftian"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: *kreftian",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: *kreftian"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "kreften"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: kreften",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: kreften"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "kreften"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: kreften",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: kreften"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "kreften"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle High German: kreften",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle High German: kreften"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "kräften"
          },
          "expansion": "German: kräften",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: kräften"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "*kraftu",
        "3": "*-jan",
        "id2": "denominative",
        "t1": "strength"
      },
      "expansion": "*kraftu (“strength”) + *-jan",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From *kraftu (“strength”) + *-jan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftijan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftijannjas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "genitive",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftijannjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "dative",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftijannju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftiju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftidēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftidōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftiþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftidē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftijum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftidum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftidud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftijanþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftidun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftijēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftijēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftidīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftijēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftidīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftijēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftidīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krafti",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftijandī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*kraftijan",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kraftijan",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "to strengthen, make stronger"
      ],
      "id": "en-kraftijan-gmw-pro-verb-TdRUod07",
      "links": [
        [
          "strengthen",
          "strengthen"
        ],
        [
          "make",
          "make"
        ],
        [
          "stronger",
          "stronger"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "40 60",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 75",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (denominative)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to build, construct"
      ],
      "id": "en-kraftijan-gmw-pro-verb-LIho60Gm",
      "links": [
        [
          "build",
          "build"
        ],
        [
          "construct",
          "construct"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "kraftijan"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Proto-West Germanic class 1 weak verbs",
    "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
    "Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (denominative)",
    "Proto-West Germanic verbs"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "cræftan"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: cræftan",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: cræftan"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "craften",
            "3": "creften"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: craften, creften",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: craften, creften"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "craft"
          },
          "expansion": "English: craft",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: craft"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ofs",
            "2": "krefta"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Frisian: krefta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Frisian: krefta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "*kreftian"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: *kreftian",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: *kreftian"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "kreften"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: kreften",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: kreften"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "kreften"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: kreften",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: kreften"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "kreften"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle High German: kreften",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle High German: kreften"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "kräften"
          },
          "expansion": "German: kräften",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: kräften"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "*kraftu",
        "3": "*-jan",
        "id2": "denominative",
        "t1": "strength"
      },
      "expansion": "*kraftu (“strength”) + *-jan",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From *kraftu (“strength”) + *-jan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftijan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftijannjas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "genitive",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftijannjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "dative",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftijannju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftiju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftidēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftidōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftiþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftidē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftijum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftidum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftidud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftijanþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftidun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftijēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftijēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftidīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftijēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftidīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftijēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftidīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krafti",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftijandī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kraftid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*kraftijan",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kraftijan",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "gmw-pro:Strength"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to strengthen, make stronger"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "strengthen",
          "strengthen"
        ],
        [
          "make",
          "make"
        ],
        [
          "stronger",
          "stronger"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "gmw-pro:Construction"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to build, construct"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "build",
          "build"
        ],
        [
          "construct",
          "construct"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "kraftijan"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.