See kiʀn in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ċēn"
},
"expansion": "Old English: ċēn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: ċēn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*kēn",
"3": "*kin"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *kēn, *kin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: *kēn, *kin"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Käin"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Käin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Käin"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "kynbeam",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ West Frisian: kynbeam",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ West Frisian: kynbeam"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "kynhout",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ West Frisian: kynhout",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ West Frisian: kynhout"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*kin",
"3": "*kēn"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *kin, *kēn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *kin, *kēn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "kên",
"3": "kin"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: kên, kin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: kên, kin"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "keen"
},
"expansion": "Low German: keen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Low German: keen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*kien"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *kien",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *kien"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "kien",
"3": "kiene"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: kien, kiene",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: kien, kiene"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kien"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: kien",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: kien"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kienhout",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Dutch: kienhout",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Dutch: kienhout"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kienspaan",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Dutch: kienspaan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Dutch: kienspaan"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "Kinrooi",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Dutch: Kinrooi",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "placename"
},
"expansion": "(placename)",
"name": "i"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Dutch: Kinrooi (placename)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "kēn",
"3": "kien",
"4": "chien"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: kēn, kien, chien",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: kēn, kien, chien"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "kien"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: kien",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: kien"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kien"
},
"expansion": "German: Kien",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Kien"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "giúis"
},
"expansion": "Irish giúis",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "giuthas",
"t": "spruce"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic giuthas (“spruce”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown; possibly cognate with Irish giúis, Scottish Gaelic giuthas (“spruce”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kiʀn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kiʀnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kiʀnōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kiʀn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kiʀnā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kiʀnas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kiʀnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kiʀnē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kiʀnum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kiʀnu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kiʀnum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*kiʀn m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kiʀn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"resinous pine wood which was used for torches"
],
"id": "en-kiʀn-gmw-pro-noun-Awy44WCb",
"links": [
[
"resinous",
"resinous"
],
[
"pine wood",
"pinewood"
],
[
"use",
"use"
],
[
"torch",
"torch"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kiʀn"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ċēn"
},
"expansion": "Old English: ċēn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: ċēn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*kēn",
"3": "*kin"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *kēn, *kin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: *kēn, *kin"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Käin"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Käin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Käin"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "kynbeam",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ West Frisian: kynbeam",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ West Frisian: kynbeam"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "kynhout",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ West Frisian: kynhout",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ West Frisian: kynhout"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*kin",
"3": "*kēn"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *kin, *kēn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *kin, *kēn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "kên",
"3": "kin"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: kên, kin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: kên, kin"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "keen"
},
"expansion": "Low German: keen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Low German: keen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*kien"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *kien",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *kien"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "kien",
"3": "kiene"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: kien, kiene",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: kien, kiene"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kien"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: kien",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: kien"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kienhout",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Dutch: kienhout",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Dutch: kienhout"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kienspaan",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Dutch: kienspaan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Dutch: kienspaan"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "Kinrooi",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Dutch: Kinrooi",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "placename"
},
"expansion": "(placename)",
"name": "i"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Dutch: Kinrooi (placename)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "kēn",
"3": "kien",
"4": "chien"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: kēn, kien, chien",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: kēn, kien, chien"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "kien"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: kien",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: kien"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kien"
},
"expansion": "German: Kien",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Kien"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "giúis"
},
"expansion": "Irish giúis",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "giuthas",
"t": "spruce"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic giuthas (“spruce”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown; possibly cognate with Irish giúis, Scottish Gaelic giuthas (“spruce”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kiʀn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kiʀnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kiʀnōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kiʀn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kiʀnā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kiʀnas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kiʀnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kiʀnē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kiʀnum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kiʀnu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kiʀnum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*kiʀn m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kiʀn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine a-stem nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic terms with unknown etymologies",
"gmw-pro:Light sources",
"gmw-pro:Woods"
],
"glosses": [
"resinous pine wood which was used for torches"
],
"links": [
[
"resinous",
"resinous"
],
[
"pine wood",
"pinewood"
],
[
"use",
"use"
],
[
"torch",
"torch"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kiʀn"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kiʀn meaning in Proto-West Germanic (5.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-09-20 using wiktextract (af5c55c and 66545a6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.