"harmijan" meaning in Proto-West Germanic

See harmijan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

Etymology: From Proto-Germanic *harmijaną. Equivalent to *harm + *-jan. Etymology templates: {{inh|gmw-pro|gem-pro|*harmijaną}} Proto-Germanic *harmijaną, {{affix|gmw-pro|*harm|*-jan|id2=denominative}} *harm + *-jan Head templates: {{head|gmw-pro|verb}} *harmijan Inflection templates: {{gmw-infl-verb-wk1}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], harmijan [class-1, infinitive, weak], harmijannjas [class-1, genitive, infinitive, weak], harmijannjē [class-1, dative, infinitive, weak], harmijannju [class-1, infinitive, instrumental, weak], harmiju [class-1, first-person, present, singular, weak], harmidā [class-1, first-person, past, singular, weak], harmisi [class-1, present, second-person, singular, weak], harmidēs [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], harmidōs [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], harmiþi [class-1, present, singular, third-person, weak], harmidē [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], harmidā [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], harmijum [class-1, first-person, plural, present, weak], harmidum [class-1, first-person, past, plural, weak], harmiþ [class-1, plural, present, second-person, weak], harmidud [class-1, past, plural, second-person, weak], harmijanþ [class-1, plural, present, third-person, weak], harmidun [class-1, past, plural, third-person, weak], harmijē [class-1, first-person, present, singular, weak], harmidī [class-1, first-person, past, singular, weak], harmijēs [class-1, present, second-person, singular, weak], harmidī [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], harmijē [class-1, present, singular, third-person, weak], harmidī [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], harmijēm [class-1, first-person, plural, present, weak], harmidīm [class-1, first-person, past, plural, weak], harmijēþ [class-1, plural, present, second-person, weak], harmidīd [class-1, past, plural, second-person, weak], harmijēn [class-1, plural, present, third-person, weak], harmidīn [class-1, past, plural, third-person, weak], harmi [class-1, present, singular, weak], harmiþ [class-1, plural, present, weak], harmijandī [class-1, participle, present, weak], harmid [class-1, participle, past, weak]
  1. to harm, injure Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-harmijan-gmw-pro-verb-TlPjKo4J Categories (other): Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (denominative) Disambiguation of Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 73 27 Disambiguation of Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (denominative): 89 11
  2. to shame Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-harmijan-gmw-pro-verb-f7nwaOV3

Download JSON data for harmijan meaning in Proto-West Germanic (6.5kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "hermian"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: hermian",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: hermian"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "hermen"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: hermen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: hermen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fro",
            "2": "*harnir",
            "3": "*hernir",
            "4": "*hergner",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Old French: *harnir, *hernir, *hergner",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Old French: *harnir, *hernir, *hergner"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "frm",
            "2": "hergner"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle French: hergner",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle French: hergner"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fro",
            "2": "hergnos",
            "der": "1",
            "t": "evil, harmful"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Old French: hergnos (“evil, harmful”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Old French: hergnos (“evil, harmful”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "hermen"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: hermen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: hermen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "hermen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle High German: hermen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle High German: hermen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "härmen"
          },
          "expansion": "German: härmen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: härmen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*harmijaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *harmijaną",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "*harm",
        "3": "*-jan",
        "id2": "denominative"
      },
      "expansion": "*harm + *-jan",
      "name": "affix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *harmijaną. Equivalent to *harm + *-jan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmijan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmijannjas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "genitive",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmijannjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "dative",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmijannju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmiju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmidēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmidōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmiþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmidē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmijum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmidum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmidud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmijanþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmidun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmijēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmijēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmidīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmijēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmidīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmijēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmidīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmijandī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*harmijan",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/harmijan",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "73 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "89 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (denominative)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to harm, injure"
      ],
      "id": "en-harmijan-gmw-pro-verb-TlPjKo4J",
      "links": [
        [
          "harm",
          "harm"
        ],
        [
          "injure",
          "injure"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "to shame"
      ],
      "id": "en-harmijan-gmw-pro-verb-f7nwaOV3",
      "links": [
        [
          "shame",
          "shame"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "harmijan"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Proto-West Germanic class 1 weak verbs",
    "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
    "Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (denominative)",
    "Proto-West Germanic verbs"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "hermian"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: hermian",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: hermian"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "hermen"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: hermen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: hermen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fro",
            "2": "*harnir",
            "3": "*hernir",
            "4": "*hergner",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Old French: *harnir, *hernir, *hergner",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Old French: *harnir, *hernir, *hergner"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "frm",
            "2": "hergner"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle French: hergner",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle French: hergner"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fro",
            "2": "hergnos",
            "der": "1",
            "t": "evil, harmful"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Old French: hergnos (“evil, harmful”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Old French: hergnos (“evil, harmful”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "hermen"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: hermen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: hermen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "hermen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle High German: hermen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle High German: hermen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "härmen"
          },
          "expansion": "German: härmen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: härmen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*harmijaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *harmijaną",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "*harm",
        "3": "*-jan",
        "id2": "denominative"
      },
      "expansion": "*harm + *-jan",
      "name": "affix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *harmijaną. Equivalent to *harm + *-jan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmijan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmijannjas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "genitive",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmijannjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "dative",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmijannju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmiju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmidēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmidōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmiþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmidē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmijum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmidum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmidud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmijanþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmidun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmijēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmijēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmidīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmijēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmidīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmijēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmidīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmijandī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harmid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*harmijan",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/harmijan",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "gmw-pro:Injuries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to harm, injure"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "harm",
          "harm"
        ],
        [
          "injure",
          "injure"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "gmw-pro:Humiliation"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to shame"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "shame",
          "shame"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "harmijan"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-19 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-06 using wiktextract (372f256 and 664a3bc). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.