See hūilōn in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSONL data for hūilōn meaning in Proto-West Germanic (7.2kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "*hūlian"
},
"expansion": "Old English: *hūlian\nMiddle English: hulen, houlen, howlen\nEnglish: howl\nScots: howl",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: *hūlian\nMiddle English: hulen, houlen, howlen\nEnglish: howl\nScots: howl"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*hūlia"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *hūlia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: *hūlia"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "huulje"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: huulje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: huulje"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "huilje"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: huilje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: huilje"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*hūwilōn",
"3": "*hūlōn"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *hūwilōn, *hūlōn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *hūwilōn, *hūlōn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "hü̂len",
"3": "hûlen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: hü̂len, hûlen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: hü̂len, hûlen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "hulen"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: hulen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: hulen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "hyle",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: hyle",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: hyle"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Norwegian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Norwegian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "hyle"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: hyle",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: hyle"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "hyla"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: hyla",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: hyla"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "hyla",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: hyla",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: hyla"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*hūlon"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *hūlon",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *hūlon"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "hulen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: hulen\nDutch: huilen\nAfrikaans: huil\nNegerhollands: hyelen, hyel\nLimburgish: hule",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: hulen\nDutch: huilen\nAfrikaans: huil\nNegerhollands: hyelen, hyel\nLimburgish: hule"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "hūwilōn",
"3": "hūlōn"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: hūwilōn, hūlōn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: hūwilōn, hūlōn; hiuwilōn, hiwilōn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "hūwelen",
"3": "hūwlen",
"4": "hūlen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: hūwelen, hūwlen, hūlen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: hūwelen, hūwlen, hūlen; hiuwelen, hiulen, hielen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gsw",
"2": "hüüwle"
},
"expansion": "Alemannic German: hüüwle",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Alemannic German: hüüwle"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "heulen"
},
"expansion": "German: heulen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: heulen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "uller",
"3": "ouler",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old French: uller, ouler",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old French: uller, ouler"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hūwilōną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hūwilōną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *hūwilōną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōnijas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōnijē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōniju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōdā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōdēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōdōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōdē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōdā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōdum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōdud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōnþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōdun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōdīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōdīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōdīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōndī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*hūilōn",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk2"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hūilōn",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to howl, scream"
],
"id": "en-hūilōn-gmw-pro-verb-5fsi8mW2",
"links": [
[
"howl",
"howl"
],
[
"scream",
"scream"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "hūō"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "hūilōn"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "*hūlian"
},
"expansion": "Old English: *hūlian\nMiddle English: hulen, houlen, howlen\nEnglish: howl\nScots: howl",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: *hūlian\nMiddle English: hulen, houlen, howlen\nEnglish: howl\nScots: howl"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*hūlia"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *hūlia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: *hūlia"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "huulje"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: huulje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: huulje"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "huilje"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: huilje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: huilje"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*hūwilōn",
"3": "*hūlōn"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *hūwilōn, *hūlōn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *hūwilōn, *hūlōn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "hü̂len",
"3": "hûlen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: hü̂len, hûlen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: hü̂len, hûlen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "hulen"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: hulen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: hulen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "hyle",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: hyle",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: hyle"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Norwegian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Norwegian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "hyle"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: hyle",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: hyle"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "hyla"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: hyla",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: hyla"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "hyla",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: hyla",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: hyla"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*hūlon"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *hūlon",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *hūlon"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "hulen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: hulen\nDutch: huilen\nAfrikaans: huil\nNegerhollands: hyelen, hyel\nLimburgish: hule",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: hulen\nDutch: huilen\nAfrikaans: huil\nNegerhollands: hyelen, hyel\nLimburgish: hule"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "hūwilōn",
"3": "hūlōn"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: hūwilōn, hūlōn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: hūwilōn, hūlōn; hiuwilōn, hiwilōn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "hūwelen",
"3": "hūwlen",
"4": "hūlen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: hūwelen, hūwlen, hūlen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: hūwelen, hūwlen, hūlen; hiuwelen, hiulen, hielen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gsw",
"2": "hüüwle"
},
"expansion": "Alemannic German: hüüwle",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Alemannic German: hüüwle"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "heulen"
},
"expansion": "German: heulen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: heulen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "uller",
"3": "ouler",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old French: uller, ouler",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old French: uller, ouler"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hūwilōną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hūwilōną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *hūwilōną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōnijas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōnijē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōniju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōdā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōdēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōdōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōdē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōdā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōdum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōdud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōnþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōdun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōdīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōdīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōdīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōndī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hūilōd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*hūilōn",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk2"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hūilōn",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "hūō"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-West Germanic class 2 weak verbs",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic verbs",
"gmw-pro:Animal sounds",
"gmw-pro:Vocalizations",
"gmw-pro:Wolves"
],
"glosses": [
"to howl, scream"
],
"links": [
[
"howl",
"howl"
],
[
"scream",
"scream"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "hūilōn"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-07-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-07-01 using wiktextract (ad53249 and b4eb25b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.