See gerstu in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for gerstu meaning in Proto-West Germanic (5.9kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gorst",
"3": "gors"
},
"expansion": "Old English: gorst, gors",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: gorst, gors (< *gurst m)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gorst"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: gorst, gors, gorste, gost, grost\nEnglish: gorse\nYola: goss, gorr",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: gorst, gors, gorste, gost, grost\nEnglish: gorse\nYola: goss, gorr"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*jerste"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *jerste",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: *jerste"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Jäärste",
"3": "Jüste"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Jäärste, Jüste",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Jäärste, Jüste"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gersta"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: gersta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: gersta"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "gerste"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: gerste",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: gerste"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Garste",
"3": "Garst"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Garste, Garst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: Garste, Garst"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pdt",
"2": "Joascht"
},
"expansion": "Plautdietsch: Joascht",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Plautdietsch: Joascht"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*gersta"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *gersta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *gersta"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gerste"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: gerste",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: gerste"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gerst"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: gerst\nAfrikaans: gars\n→ Xhosa: írhási\n→ Papiamentu: gerst (dated)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: gerst\nAfrikaans: gars\n→ Xhosa: írhási\n→ Papiamentu: gerst (dated)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "gersta"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: gersta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: gersta"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "gerste"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: gerste",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: gerste"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gsw",
"2": "Geerste"
},
"expansion": "Alemannic German: Geerste",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Alemannic German: Geerste"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "Geaschtn"
},
"expansion": "Bavarian: Geaschtn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bavarian: Geaschtn"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cim",
"2": "ghéersta"
},
"expansion": "Cimbrian: ghéersta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cimbrian: ghéersta"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mhn",
"2": "gerst"
},
"expansion": "Mòcheno: gerst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mòcheno: gerst"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-cfr",
"2": "Jääsch",
"3": "Gääscht"
},
"expansion": "Central Franconian: Jääsch, Gääscht",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Franconian: Jääsch, Gääscht"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "Geescht"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish: Geescht",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luxembourgish: Geescht"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Gerste"
},
"expansion": "German: Gerste",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Gerste"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "גערשט"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish: גערשט (gersht)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yiddish: גערשט (gersht)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵʰersd-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*gerstō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gerstō",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *gerstō.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-o",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ō-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "gerstu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gerstō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gerstā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gerstā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gerstā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gerstō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gerstē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gerstōm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gerstum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gerstu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gerstōm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gerstum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "*gerstu f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-o"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/gerstu",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"barley"
],
"id": "en-gerstu-gmw-pro-noun-16nq0LFc",
"links": [
[
"barley",
"barley"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "gurst"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*barī"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Elmar Seebold",
"Etymological Dictionary of the German Language",
"de:Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache"
]
}
],
"word": "gerstu"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gorst",
"3": "gors"
},
"expansion": "Old English: gorst, gors",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: gorst, gors (< *gurst m)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gorst"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: gorst, gors, gorste, gost, grost\nEnglish: gorse\nYola: goss, gorr",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: gorst, gors, gorste, gost, grost\nEnglish: gorse\nYola: goss, gorr"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*jerste"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *jerste",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: *jerste"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Jäärste",
"3": "Jüste"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Jäärste, Jüste",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Jäärste, Jüste"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gersta"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: gersta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: gersta"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "gerste"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: gerste",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: gerste"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Garste",
"3": "Garst"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Garste, Garst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: Garste, Garst"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pdt",
"2": "Joascht"
},
"expansion": "Plautdietsch: Joascht",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Plautdietsch: Joascht"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*gersta"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *gersta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *gersta"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gerste"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: gerste",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: gerste"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gerst"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: gerst\nAfrikaans: gars\n→ Xhosa: írhási\n→ Papiamentu: gerst (dated)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: gerst\nAfrikaans: gars\n→ Xhosa: írhási\n→ Papiamentu: gerst (dated)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "gersta"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: gersta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: gersta"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "gerste"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: gerste",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: gerste"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gsw",
"2": "Geerste"
},
"expansion": "Alemannic German: Geerste",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Alemannic German: Geerste"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "Geaschtn"
},
"expansion": "Bavarian: Geaschtn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bavarian: Geaschtn"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cim",
"2": "ghéersta"
},
"expansion": "Cimbrian: ghéersta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cimbrian: ghéersta"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mhn",
"2": "gerst"
},
"expansion": "Mòcheno: gerst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mòcheno: gerst"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-cfr",
"2": "Jääsch",
"3": "Gääscht"
},
"expansion": "Central Franconian: Jääsch, Gääscht",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Franconian: Jääsch, Gääscht"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "Geescht"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish: Geescht",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luxembourgish: Geescht"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Gerste"
},
"expansion": "German: Gerste",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Gerste"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "גערשט"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish: גערשט (gersht)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yiddish: גערשט (gersht)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵʰersd-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*gerstō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gerstō",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *gerstō.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-o",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ō-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "gerstu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gerstō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gerstā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gerstā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gerstā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gerstō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gerstē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gerstōm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gerstum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gerstu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gerstōm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gerstum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "*gerstu f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-o"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/gerstu",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "gurst"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"German terms with quotations",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic feminine nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰersd-",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic ō-stem nouns",
"gmw-pro:Grains"
],
"glosses": [
"barley"
],
"links": [
[
"barley",
"barley"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*barī"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Elmar Seebold",
"Etymological Dictionary of the German Language",
"de:Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache"
]
}
],
"word": "gerstu"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-06 using wiktextract (6c02f21 and 0136956). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.