"druppjan" meaning in Proto-West Germanic

See druppjan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

Etymology: From *dropō (“a drop of liquid”) + *-jan. Etymology templates: {{suffix|gmw-pro|*dropō|*-jan|id2=denominative|t1=a drop of liquid}} *dropō (“a drop of liquid”) + *-jan Head templates: {{head|gmw-pro|verb}} *druppjan Inflection templates: {{gmw-infl-verb-wk1}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], druppjan [class-1, infinitive, weak], druppjannjas [class-1, genitive, infinitive, weak], druppjannjē [class-1, dative, infinitive, weak], druppjannju [class-1, infinitive, instrumental, weak], druppju [class-1, first-person, present, singular, weak], drupidā [class-1, first-person, past, singular, weak], drupisi [class-1, present, second-person, singular, weak], drupidēs [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], drupidōs [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], drupiþi [class-1, present, singular, third-person, weak], drupidē [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], drupidā [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], druppjum [class-1, first-person, plural, present, weak], drupidum [class-1, first-person, past, plural, weak], drupiþ [class-1, plural, present, second-person, weak], drupidud [class-1, past, plural, second-person, weak], druppjanþ [class-1, plural, present, third-person, weak], drupidun [class-1, past, plural, third-person, weak], druppjē [class-1, first-person, present, singular, weak], drupidī [class-1, first-person, past, singular, weak], druppjēs [class-1, present, second-person, singular, weak], drupidī [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], druppjē [class-1, present, singular, third-person, weak], drupidī [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], druppjēm [class-1, first-person, plural, present, weak], drupidīm [class-1, first-person, past, plural, weak], druppjēþ [class-1, plural, present, second-person, weak], drupidīd [class-1, past, plural, second-person, weak], druppjēn [class-1, plural, present, third-person, weak], drupidīn [class-1, past, plural, third-person, weak], drupi [class-1, present, singular, weak], drupiþ [class-1, plural, present, weak], druppjandī [class-1, participle, present, weak], drupid [class-1, participle, past, weak]
  1. to drip, to trickle Tags: reconstruction Related terms: dreupan, droppōn
    Sense id: en-druppjan-gmw-pro-verb-Ttt5iQBh Categories (other): Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (denominative)

Download JSON data for druppjan meaning in Proto-West Germanic (7.0kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "dryppan"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: dryppan",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: dryppan"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "drippen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: drippen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: drippen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "drip"
          },
          "expansion": "English: drip",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: drip"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ofs",
            "2": "*drippa"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Frisian: *drippa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Frisian: *drippa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fy",
            "2": "drippe",
            "3": "dripje"
          },
          "expansion": "West Frisian: drippe, dripje",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "West Frisian: drippe, dripje"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "*drupian"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: *drupian",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: *drupian"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "dröppen",
            "3": "drüppen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: dröppen, drüppen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: dröppen, drüppen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "*druppen"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: *druppen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: *druppen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "druppen",
            "3": "droppen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Dutch: druppen, droppen",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "likely conflated with the descendant of *droppōn"
          },
          "expansion": "(likely conflated with the descendant of *droppōn)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Dutch: druppen, droppen (likely conflated with the descendant of *droppōn)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "druppen"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: druppen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: druppen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "*trupfen"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: *trupfen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: *trupfen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "trüpfen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle High German: trüpfen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle High German: trüpfen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "*dropō",
        "3": "*-jan",
        "id2": "denominative",
        "t1": "a drop of liquid"
      },
      "expansion": "*dropō (“a drop of liquid”) + *-jan",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From *dropō (“a drop of liquid”) + *-jan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druppjan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druppjannjas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "genitive",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druppjannjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "dative",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druppjannju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druppju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drupidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drupisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drupidēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drupidōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drupiþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drupidē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drupidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druppjum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drupidum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drupiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drupidud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druppjanþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drupidun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druppjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drupidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druppjēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drupidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druppjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drupidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druppjēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drupidīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druppjēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drupidīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druppjēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drupidīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drupi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drupiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druppjandī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drupid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*druppjan",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/druppjan",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (denominative)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to drip, to trickle"
      ],
      "id": "en-druppjan-gmw-pro-verb-Ttt5iQBh",
      "links": [
        [
          "drip",
          "drip"
        ],
        [
          "trickle",
          "trickle"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "dreupan"
        },
        {
          "word": "droppōn"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "druppjan"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "dryppan"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: dryppan",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: dryppan"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "drippen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: drippen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: drippen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "drip"
          },
          "expansion": "English: drip",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: drip"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ofs",
            "2": "*drippa"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Frisian: *drippa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Frisian: *drippa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fy",
            "2": "drippe",
            "3": "dripje"
          },
          "expansion": "West Frisian: drippe, dripje",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "West Frisian: drippe, dripje"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "*drupian"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: *drupian",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: *drupian"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "dröppen",
            "3": "drüppen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: dröppen, drüppen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: dröppen, drüppen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "*druppen"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: *druppen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: *druppen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "druppen",
            "3": "droppen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Dutch: druppen, droppen",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "likely conflated with the descendant of *droppōn"
          },
          "expansion": "(likely conflated with the descendant of *droppōn)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Dutch: druppen, droppen (likely conflated with the descendant of *droppōn)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "druppen"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: druppen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: druppen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "*trupfen"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: *trupfen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: *trupfen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "trüpfen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle High German: trüpfen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle High German: trüpfen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "*dropō",
        "3": "*-jan",
        "id2": "denominative",
        "t1": "a drop of liquid"
      },
      "expansion": "*dropō (“a drop of liquid”) + *-jan",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From *dropō (“a drop of liquid”) + *-jan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druppjan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druppjannjas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "genitive",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druppjannjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "dative",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druppjannju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druppju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drupidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drupisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drupidēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drupidōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drupiþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drupidē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drupidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druppjum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drupidum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drupiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drupidud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druppjanþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drupidun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druppjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drupidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druppjēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drupidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druppjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drupidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druppjēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drupidīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druppjēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drupidīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druppjēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drupidīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drupi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drupiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druppjandī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drupid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*druppjan",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/druppjan",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "dreupan"
    },
    {
      "word": "droppōn"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Proto-West Germanic class 1 weak verbs",
        "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
        "Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (denominative)",
        "Proto-West Germanic verbs",
        "gmw-pro:Liquids"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to drip, to trickle"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "drip",
          "drip"
        ],
        [
          "trickle",
          "trickle"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "druppjan"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.