"druknijan" meaning in Proto-West Germanic

See druknijan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

Etymology: From *drukn (“dry”) + *-jan. Etymology templates: {{affix|gmw-pro|*drukn|*-jan|id2=factitive|t1=dry}} *drukn (“dry”) + *-jan Head templates: {{head|gmw-pro|verb}} *druknijan Inflection templates: {{gmw-infl-verb-wk1}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], druknijan [class-1, infinitive, weak], druknijannjas [class-1, genitive, infinitive, weak], druknijannjē [class-1, dative, infinitive, weak], druknijannju [class-1, infinitive, instrumental, weak], drukniju [class-1, first-person, present, singular, weak], druknidā [class-1, first-person, past, singular, weak], druknisi [class-1, present, second-person, singular, weak], druknidēs [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], druknidōs [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], drukniþi [class-1, present, singular, third-person, weak], druknidē [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], druknidā [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], druknijum [class-1, first-person, plural, present, weak], druknidum [class-1, first-person, past, plural, weak], drukniþ [class-1, plural, present, second-person, weak], druknidud [class-1, past, plural, second-person, weak], druknijanþ [class-1, plural, present, third-person, weak], druknidun [class-1, past, plural, third-person, weak], druknijē [class-1, first-person, present, singular, weak], druknidī [class-1, first-person, past, singular, weak], druknijēs [class-1, present, second-person, singular, weak], druknidī [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], druknijē [class-1, present, singular, third-person, weak], druknidī [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], druknijēm [class-1, first-person, plural, present, weak], druknidīm [class-1, first-person, past, plural, weak], druknijēþ [class-1, plural, present, second-person, weak], druknidīd [class-1, past, plural, second-person, weak], druknijēn [class-1, plural, present, third-person, weak], druknidīn [class-1, past, plural, third-person, weak], drukni [class-1, present, singular, weak], drukniþ [class-1, plural, present, weak], druknijandī [class-1, participle, present, weak], druknid [class-1, participle, past, weak]
  1. to dry Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-druknijan-gmw-pro-verb-kX8p6awY Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (factitive)
     
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Old English",
          "lang_code": "ang",
          "raw_tags": [
            "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
          ],
          "word": "ġedrycnan"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old English",
      "lang_code": "ang",
      "word": "drycnan"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Old Saxon",
      "lang_code": "osx",
      "word": "druknian"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "German",
              "lang_code": "de",
              "word": "trocknen"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Luxembourgish",
              "lang_code": "lb",
              "word": "dréchnen"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Luxembourgish",
              "lang_code": "lb",
              "word": "dréchenen"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle High German",
          "lang_code": "gmh",
          "word": "truckenen"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old High German",
      "lang_code": "goh",
      "word": "trukkanen"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "German",
              "lang_code": "de",
              "word": "trocknen"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Luxembourgish",
              "lang_code": "lb",
              "word": "dréchnen"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Luxembourgish",
              "lang_code": "lb",
              "word": "dréchenen"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle High German",
          "lang_code": "gmh",
          "word": "truckenen"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old High German",
      "lang_code": "goh",
      "word": "truckanen"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "German",
              "lang_code": "de",
              "word": "trocknen"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Luxembourgish",
              "lang_code": "lb",
              "word": "dréchnen"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Luxembourgish",
              "lang_code": "lb",
              "word": "dréchenen"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle High German",
          "lang_code": "gmh",
          "word": "truckenen"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old High German",
      "lang_code": "goh",
      "word": "trokkanen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "*drukn",
        "3": "*-jan",
        "id2": "factitive",
        "t1": "dry"
      },
      "expansion": "*drukn (“dry”) + *-jan",
      "name": "affix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From *drukn (“dry”) + *-jan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknijan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknijannjas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "genitive",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknijannjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "dative",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknijannju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drukniju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknidēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknidōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drukniþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknidē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknijum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknidum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drukniþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknidud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknijanþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknidun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknijēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknijēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknidīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknijēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknidīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknijēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknidīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drukni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drukniþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknijandī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*druknijan",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/druknijan",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (factitive)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to dry"
      ],
      "id": "en-druknijan-gmw-pro-verb-kX8p6awY",
      "links": [
        [
          "dry",
          "dry"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "druknijan"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Old English",
          "lang_code": "ang",
          "raw_tags": [
            "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
          ],
          "word": "ġedrycnan"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old English",
      "lang_code": "ang",
      "word": "drycnan"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Old Saxon",
      "lang_code": "osx",
      "word": "druknian"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "German",
              "lang_code": "de",
              "word": "trocknen"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Luxembourgish",
              "lang_code": "lb",
              "word": "dréchnen"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Luxembourgish",
              "lang_code": "lb",
              "word": "dréchenen"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle High German",
          "lang_code": "gmh",
          "word": "truckenen"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old High German",
      "lang_code": "goh",
      "word": "trukkanen"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "German",
              "lang_code": "de",
              "word": "trocknen"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Luxembourgish",
              "lang_code": "lb",
              "word": "dréchnen"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Luxembourgish",
              "lang_code": "lb",
              "word": "dréchenen"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle High German",
          "lang_code": "gmh",
          "word": "truckenen"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old High German",
      "lang_code": "goh",
      "word": "truckanen"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "German",
              "lang_code": "de",
              "word": "trocknen"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Luxembourgish",
              "lang_code": "lb",
              "word": "dréchnen"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Luxembourgish",
              "lang_code": "lb",
              "word": "dréchenen"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle High German",
          "lang_code": "gmh",
          "word": "truckenen"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old High German",
      "lang_code": "goh",
      "word": "trokkanen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "*drukn",
        "3": "*-jan",
        "id2": "factitive",
        "t1": "dry"
      },
      "expansion": "*drukn (“dry”) + *-jan",
      "name": "affix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From *drukn (“dry”) + *-jan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknijan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknijannjas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "genitive",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknijannjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "dative",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknijannju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drukniju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknidēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknidōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drukniþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknidē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknijum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknidum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drukniþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknidud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknijanþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknidun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknijēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknijēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknidīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknijēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknidīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknijēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknidīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drukni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drukniþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknijandī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "druknid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*druknijan",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/druknijan",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Proto-West Germanic class 1 weak verbs",
        "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
        "Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (factitive)",
        "Proto-West Germanic verbs",
        "gmw-pro:Dryness"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to dry"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "dry",
          "dry"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "druknijan"
}

Download raw JSONL data for druknijan meaning in Proto-West Germanic (6.1kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-09-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-23 using wiktextract (20da82b and a97feda). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.