See dūbā in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "*dūfe"
},
"expansion": "Old English: *dūfe\nMiddle English: douve, dove, duve, dowve, dowe, doufe, douf\nEnglish: dove\nScots: doo, dow",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: *dūfe\nMiddle English: douve, dove, duve, dowve, dowe, doufe, douf\nEnglish: dove\nScots: doo, dow"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*dūve",
"3": "*dūe"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *dūve, *dūe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: *dūve, *dūe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Dúve"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Dúve",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Dúve"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "do"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: do",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: do"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "dūva"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: dūva",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: dūva"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "dūve"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: dūve",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: dūve"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Low German:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Low German:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Duuv"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Duuv, Duve, Duuf, Duuw, Düüv, Düüw\n→ Kashubian: duwa",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: Duuv, Duve, Duuf, Duuw, Düüv, Düüw\n→ Kashubian: duwa"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-nl",
"2": "duve",
"3": "doeve"
},
"expansion": "Dutch Low Saxon: duve, doeve",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch Low Saxon: duve, doeve"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pdt",
"2": "Duw",
"3": "Düw",
"4": "Duuv",
"5": "Düüv",
"6": "Duuw",
"7": "Düüw",
"8": "Duv",
"9": "Düv"
},
"expansion": "Plautdietsch: Duw, Düw, Duuv, Düüv, Duuw, Düüw, Duv, Düv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Plautdietsch: Duw, Düw, Duuv, Düüv, Duuw, Düüw, Duv, Düv"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "tuvi",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Estonian: tuvi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Estonian: tuvi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "dūva"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: dūva\nMiddle Dutch: duve\nDutch: duif\nAfrikaans: duif\nNegerhollands: dufje, difi, diffie\n→ Sranan Tongo: doifi\nLimburgish: doef",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: dūva\nMiddle Dutch: duve\nDutch: duif\nAfrikaans: duif\nNegerhollands: dufje, difi, diffie\n→ Sranan Tongo: doifi\nLimburgish: doef"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "tūba"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: tūba",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "West Central German"
},
"expansion": "(West Central German)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: tūba; (West Central German) dūva"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "tūbe"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: tūbe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: tūbe, dūve"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "Taubm"
},
"expansion": "Bavarian: Taubm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bavarian: Taubm, Daum, Taubn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gsw",
"2": "Tuub",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Alemannic German: Tuub, Duub, Duube, Düüwe, Daup, Taub, Tuube, Tube, Tubo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Alemannic German: Tuub, Duub, Duube, Düüwe, Daup, Taub, Tuube, Tube, Tubo"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Taube"
},
"expansion": "German: Taube",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Taube"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-cfr",
"2": "Duuv",
"3": "Dauv"
},
"expansion": "Central Franconian: Duuv, Dauv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Franconian: Duuv, Dauv"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kirchröadsj: Doef"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "Dauf"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish: Dauf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luxembourgish: Dauf"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-rfr",
"2": "daup"
},
"expansion": "Rhine Franconian: daup",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Rhine Franconian: daup, dǫup"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pdc",
"2": "Daub"
},
"expansion": "Pennsylvania German: Daub",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pennsylvania German: Daub"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "swg",
"2": "Taub",
"3": "Daup"
},
"expansion": "Swabian: Taub, Daup",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swabian: Taub, Daup"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wym",
"2": "tue",
"3": "taoj"
},
"expansion": "Vilamovian: tue, taoj",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Vilamovian: tue, taoj"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "טויב"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish: טויב (toyb)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yiddish: טויב (toyb)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*dūbǭ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *dūbǭ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *dūbǭ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-on",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ōn-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "dūbā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dūbōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dūbōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dūbōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dūbōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dūbōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dūbōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dūbōm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dūbum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dūbōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dūbōm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dūbum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "*dūbā f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-on"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/dūbā",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dove, pigeon"
],
"id": "en-dūbā-gmw-pro-noun-Zhia6eju",
"links": [
[
"dove",
"dove"
],
[
"pigeon",
"pigeon"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "dūbā"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "*dūfe"
},
"expansion": "Old English: *dūfe\nMiddle English: douve, dove, duve, dowve, dowe, doufe, douf\nEnglish: dove\nScots: doo, dow",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: *dūfe\nMiddle English: douve, dove, duve, dowve, dowe, doufe, douf\nEnglish: dove\nScots: doo, dow"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*dūve",
"3": "*dūe"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *dūve, *dūe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: *dūve, *dūe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Dúve"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Dúve",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Dúve"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "do"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: do",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: do"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "dūva"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: dūva",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: dūva"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "dūve"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: dūve",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: dūve"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Low German:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Low German:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Duuv"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Duuv, Duve, Duuf, Duuw, Düüv, Düüw\n→ Kashubian: duwa",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: Duuv, Duve, Duuf, Duuw, Düüv, Düüw\n→ Kashubian: duwa"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-nl",
"2": "duve",
"3": "doeve"
},
"expansion": "Dutch Low Saxon: duve, doeve",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch Low Saxon: duve, doeve"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pdt",
"2": "Duw",
"3": "Düw",
"4": "Duuv",
"5": "Düüv",
"6": "Duuw",
"7": "Düüw",
"8": "Duv",
"9": "Düv"
},
"expansion": "Plautdietsch: Duw, Düw, Duuv, Düüv, Duuw, Düüw, Duv, Düv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Plautdietsch: Duw, Düw, Duuv, Düüv, Duuw, Düüw, Duv, Düv"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "tuvi",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Estonian: tuvi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Estonian: tuvi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "dūva"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: dūva\nMiddle Dutch: duve\nDutch: duif\nAfrikaans: duif\nNegerhollands: dufje, difi, diffie\n→ Sranan Tongo: doifi\nLimburgish: doef",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: dūva\nMiddle Dutch: duve\nDutch: duif\nAfrikaans: duif\nNegerhollands: dufje, difi, diffie\n→ Sranan Tongo: doifi\nLimburgish: doef"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "tūba"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: tūba",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "West Central German"
},
"expansion": "(West Central German)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: tūba; (West Central German) dūva"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "tūbe"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: tūbe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: tūbe, dūve"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "Taubm"
},
"expansion": "Bavarian: Taubm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bavarian: Taubm, Daum, Taubn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gsw",
"2": "Tuub",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Alemannic German: Tuub, Duub, Duube, Düüwe, Daup, Taub, Tuube, Tube, Tubo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Alemannic German: Tuub, Duub, Duube, Düüwe, Daup, Taub, Tuube, Tube, Tubo"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Taube"
},
"expansion": "German: Taube",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Taube"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-cfr",
"2": "Duuv",
"3": "Dauv"
},
"expansion": "Central Franconian: Duuv, Dauv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Franconian: Duuv, Dauv"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kirchröadsj: Doef"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "Dauf"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish: Dauf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luxembourgish: Dauf"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-rfr",
"2": "daup"
},
"expansion": "Rhine Franconian: daup",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Rhine Franconian: daup, dǫup"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pdc",
"2": "Daub"
},
"expansion": "Pennsylvania German: Daub",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pennsylvania German: Daub"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "swg",
"2": "Taub",
"3": "Daup"
},
"expansion": "Swabian: Taub, Daup",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swabian: Taub, Daup"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wym",
"2": "tue",
"3": "taoj"
},
"expansion": "Vilamovian: tue, taoj",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Vilamovian: tue, taoj"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "טויב"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish: טויב (toyb)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yiddish: טויב (toyb)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*dūbǭ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *dūbǭ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *dūbǭ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-on",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ōn-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "dūbā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dūbōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dūbōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dūbōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dūbōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dūbōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dūbōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dūbōm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dūbum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dūbōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dūbōm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dūbum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "*dūbā f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-on"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/dūbā",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic feminine nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic ōn-stem nouns",
"gmw-pro:Columbids"
],
"glosses": [
"dove, pigeon"
],
"links": [
[
"dove",
"dove"
],
[
"pigeon",
"pigeon"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "dūbā"
}
Download raw JSONL data for dūbā meaning in Proto-West Germanic (6.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (f90d964 and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.