See dōk in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "dōc",
"qq": "with change in meaning",
"t": "bastard, mongrel",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Old English: dōc (“bastard, mongrel”) (with change in meaning)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Old English: dōc (“bastard, mongrel”) (with change in meaning)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "dōk"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: dōk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: dōk"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Douk"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Douk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Douk"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "doek"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: doek",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: doek"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "dōk"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: dōk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: dōk"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "dôk",
"3": "dûk"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: dôk, dûk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: dôk, dûk"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Dook"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Dook",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: Dook"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "dúkr",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Norse: dúkr\nIcelandic: dúkur\nFaroese: dúkur\nNorwegian Bokmål: duk\nNorwegian Nynorsk: duk\nOld Swedish: dūker\nSwedish: duk, dok\nDanish: dug",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Norse: dúkr\nIcelandic: dúkur\nFaroese: dúkur\nNorwegian Bokmål: duk\nNorwegian Nynorsk: duk\nOld Swedish: dūker\nSwedish: duk, dok\nDanish: dug"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*dōk",
"3": "*duoc"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *dōk, *duoc",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *dōk, *duoc"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "doec"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: doec\nDutch: doek\nAfrikaans: doek\n→ English: doek\n→ Shona: dhuku\nBerbice Creole Dutch: duku\nJersey Dutch: duk\nNegerhollands: doek, doekoe\n→ Akan: duku\n→ Nkonya: duku\n→ Wali (Ghana): ’duuku\n→ Akebu: ɖuku-yǝ (via an intermediary language)\n→ Lokono: doko\n→ Aukan: duku\n→ English: duck, dook\n→ Fon: dukwí\n→ Indonesian: duk\n→ Japanese: ズック\n→ Mbelime: dukìhṵ̀ (via an intermediary language)\n→ Nawdm: dukŋa (via an intermediary language)\n→ Scots: dook\n→ Sranan Tongo: duku\n→ Caribbean Javanese: duku\n→ Dutch: doekoe\nLimburgish: dook",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: doec\nDutch: doek\nAfrikaans: doek\n→ English: doek\n→ Shona: dhuku\nBerbice Creole Dutch: duku\nJersey Dutch: duk\nNegerhollands: doek, doekoe\n→ Akan: duku\n→ Nkonya: duku\n→ Wali (Ghana): ’duuku\n→ Akebu: ɖuku-yǝ (via an intermediary language)\n→ Lokono: doko\n→ Aukan: duku\n→ English: duck, dook\n→ Fon: dukwí\n→ Indonesian: duk\n→ Japanese: ズック\n→ Mbelime: dukìhṵ̀ (via an intermediary language)\n→ Nawdm: dukŋa (via an intermediary language)\n→ Scots: dook\n→ Sranan Tongo: duku\n→ Caribbean Javanese: duku\n→ Dutch: doekoe\nLimburgish: dook"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "tuoh"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: tuoh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: tuoh"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "tuoch"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: tuoch",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: tuoch"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gsw",
"2": "Tuech"
},
"expansion": "Alemannic German: Tuech",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Alemannic German: Tuech"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "swg",
"2": "Tuach"
},
"expansion": "Swabian: Tuach",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swabian: Tuach"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-cfr",
"2": "Duch"
},
"expansion": "Central Franconian: Duch",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Franconian: Duch"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cim",
"2": "tuach"
},
"expansion": "Cimbrian: tuach",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cimbrian: tuach"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Tuch"
},
"expansion": "German: Tuch",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Tuch"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "tuko",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Esperanto: tuko",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Esperanto: tuko"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "Duch"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish: Duch",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luxembourgish: Duch"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pdc",
"2": "Duch"
},
"expansion": "Pennsylvania German: Duch",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pennsylvania German: Duch"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "טוך"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish: טוך (tukh)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yiddish: טוך (tukh)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lng",
"2": "*tuoh"
},
"expansion": "Lombardic: *tuoh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lombardic: *tuoh"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lmo",
"2": "toh",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Lombard: toh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Lombard: toh"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "tocca",
"3": "toca",
"4": "tòcche",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: tocca, toca, tòcche",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: tocca, toca, tòcche"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "toca",
"bor": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Spanish: toca",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Spanish: toca"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "tocque",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle French: tocque",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle French: tocque"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "toque"
},
"expansion": "French: toque",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: toque"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "toque"
},
"expansion": "English: toque",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: toque"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "toh",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old High German: toh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old High German: toh"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*dōkaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *dōkaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *dōkaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "dōk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dōkō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dōkōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dōk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dōkā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dōkas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dōkō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dōkē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dōkum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dōku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dōkum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*dōk m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/dōk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "dōkijan"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cloth, rag"
],
"id": "en-dōk-gmw-pro-noun-DpzoJH71",
"links": [
[
"cloth",
"cloth"
],
[
"rag",
"rag"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "dōk"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "dōkijan"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "dōc",
"qq": "with change in meaning",
"t": "bastard, mongrel",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Old English: dōc (“bastard, mongrel”) (with change in meaning)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Old English: dōc (“bastard, mongrel”) (with change in meaning)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "dōk"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: dōk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: dōk"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Douk"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Douk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Douk"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "doek"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: doek",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: doek"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "dōk"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: dōk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: dōk"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "dôk",
"3": "dûk"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: dôk, dûk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: dôk, dûk"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Dook"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Dook",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: Dook"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "dúkr",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Norse: dúkr\nIcelandic: dúkur\nFaroese: dúkur\nNorwegian Bokmål: duk\nNorwegian Nynorsk: duk\nOld Swedish: dūker\nSwedish: duk, dok\nDanish: dug",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Norse: dúkr\nIcelandic: dúkur\nFaroese: dúkur\nNorwegian Bokmål: duk\nNorwegian Nynorsk: duk\nOld Swedish: dūker\nSwedish: duk, dok\nDanish: dug"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*dōk",
"3": "*duoc"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *dōk, *duoc",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *dōk, *duoc"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "doec"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: doec\nDutch: doek\nAfrikaans: doek\n→ English: doek\n→ Shona: dhuku\nBerbice Creole Dutch: duku\nJersey Dutch: duk\nNegerhollands: doek, doekoe\n→ Akan: duku\n→ Nkonya: duku\n→ Wali (Ghana): ’duuku\n→ Akebu: ɖuku-yǝ (via an intermediary language)\n→ Lokono: doko\n→ Aukan: duku\n→ English: duck, dook\n→ Fon: dukwí\n→ Indonesian: duk\n→ Japanese: ズック\n→ Mbelime: dukìhṵ̀ (via an intermediary language)\n→ Nawdm: dukŋa (via an intermediary language)\n→ Scots: dook\n→ Sranan Tongo: duku\n→ Caribbean Javanese: duku\n→ Dutch: doekoe\nLimburgish: dook",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: doec\nDutch: doek\nAfrikaans: doek\n→ English: doek\n→ Shona: dhuku\nBerbice Creole Dutch: duku\nJersey Dutch: duk\nNegerhollands: doek, doekoe\n→ Akan: duku\n→ Nkonya: duku\n→ Wali (Ghana): ’duuku\n→ Akebu: ɖuku-yǝ (via an intermediary language)\n→ Lokono: doko\n→ Aukan: duku\n→ English: duck, dook\n→ Fon: dukwí\n→ Indonesian: duk\n→ Japanese: ズック\n→ Mbelime: dukìhṵ̀ (via an intermediary language)\n→ Nawdm: dukŋa (via an intermediary language)\n→ Scots: dook\n→ Sranan Tongo: duku\n→ Caribbean Javanese: duku\n→ Dutch: doekoe\nLimburgish: dook"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "tuoh"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: tuoh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: tuoh"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "tuoch"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: tuoch",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: tuoch"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gsw",
"2": "Tuech"
},
"expansion": "Alemannic German: Tuech",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Alemannic German: Tuech"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "swg",
"2": "Tuach"
},
"expansion": "Swabian: Tuach",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swabian: Tuach"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-cfr",
"2": "Duch"
},
"expansion": "Central Franconian: Duch",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Franconian: Duch"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cim",
"2": "tuach"
},
"expansion": "Cimbrian: tuach",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cimbrian: tuach"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Tuch"
},
"expansion": "German: Tuch",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Tuch"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "tuko",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Esperanto: tuko",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Esperanto: tuko"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "Duch"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish: Duch",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luxembourgish: Duch"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pdc",
"2": "Duch"
},
"expansion": "Pennsylvania German: Duch",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pennsylvania German: Duch"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "טוך"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish: טוך (tukh)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yiddish: טוך (tukh)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lng",
"2": "*tuoh"
},
"expansion": "Lombardic: *tuoh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lombardic: *tuoh"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lmo",
"2": "toh",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Lombard: toh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Lombard: toh"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "tocca",
"3": "toca",
"4": "tòcche",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: tocca, toca, tòcche",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: tocca, toca, tòcche"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "toca",
"bor": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Spanish: toca",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Spanish: toca"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "tocque",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle French: tocque",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle French: tocque"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "toque"
},
"expansion": "French: toque",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: toque"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "toque"
},
"expansion": "English: toque",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: toque"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "toh",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old High German: toh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old High German: toh"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*dōkaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *dōkaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *dōkaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "dōk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dōkō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dōkōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dōk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dōkā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dōkas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dōkō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dōkē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dōkum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dōku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dōkum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*dōk m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/dōk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine a-stem nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"gmw-pro:Fabrics"
],
"glosses": [
"cloth, rag"
],
"links": [
[
"cloth",
"cloth"
],
[
"rag",
"rag"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "dōk"
}
Download raw JSONL data for dōk meaning in Proto-West Germanic (8.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.