"bruʀdijan" meaning in Proto-West Germanic

See bruʀdijan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

Etymology: From Proto-Germanic *bruzdijaną. Equivalent to *broʀd (“point, spike”) + *-jan. Etymology templates: {{inh|gmw-pro|gem-pro|*bruzdijaną}} Proto-Germanic *bruzdijaną, {{affix|gmw-pro|*broʀd|*-jan|id2=denominative|t1=point, spike}} *broʀd (“point, spike”) + *-jan Head templates: {{head|gmw-pro|verb}} *bruʀdijan Inflection templates: {{gmw-infl-verb-wk1}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], bruʀdijan [class-1, infinitive, weak], bruʀdijannjas [class-1, genitive, infinitive, weak], bruʀdijannjē [class-1, dative, infinitive, weak], bruʀdijannju [class-1, infinitive, instrumental, weak], bruʀdiju [class-1, first-person, present, singular, weak], bruʀdidā [class-1, first-person, past, singular, weak], bruʀdisi [class-1, present, second-person, singular, weak], bruʀdidēs [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], bruʀdidōs [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], bruʀdiþi [class-1, present, singular, third-person, weak], bruʀdidē [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], bruʀdidā [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], bruʀdijum [class-1, first-person, plural, present, weak], bruʀdidum [class-1, first-person, past, plural, weak], bruʀdiþ [class-1, plural, present, second-person, weak], bruʀdidud [class-1, past, plural, second-person, weak], bruʀdijanþ [class-1, plural, present, third-person, weak], bruʀdidun [class-1, past, plural, third-person, weak], bruʀdijē [class-1, first-person, present, singular, weak], bruʀdidī [class-1, first-person, past, singular, weak], bruʀdijēs [class-1, present, second-person, singular, weak], bruʀdidī [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], bruʀdijē [class-1, present, singular, third-person, weak], bruʀdidī [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], bruʀdijēm [class-1, first-person, plural, present, weak], bruʀdidīm [class-1, first-person, past, plural, weak], bruʀdijēþ [class-1, plural, present, second-person, weak], bruʀdidīd [class-1, past, plural, second-person, weak], bruʀdijēn [class-1, plural, present, third-person, weak], bruʀdidīn [class-1, past, plural, third-person, weak], bruʀdi [class-1, present, singular, weak], bruʀdiþ [class-1, plural, present, weak], bruʀdijandī [class-1, participle, present, weak], bruʀdid [class-1, participle, past, weak]
  1. to prick, point Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-bruʀdijan-gmw-pro-verb-gEJ6EN0i Categories (other): Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (denominative)

Download JSON data for bruʀdijan meaning in Proto-West Germanic (6.0kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "bryrdan"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: bryrdan",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: bryrdan"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "*brurten"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: *brurten",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: *brurten"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "anabrurten",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Old High German: anabrurten",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Old High German: anabrurten"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "entibrurten",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Old High German: entibrurten",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Old High German: entibrurten"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "gientibrurten",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Old High German: gientibrurten",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Old High German: gientibrurten"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*bruzdijaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bruzdijaną",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "*broʀd",
        "3": "*-jan",
        "id2": "denominative",
        "t1": "point, spike"
      },
      "expansion": "*broʀd (“point, spike”) + *-jan",
      "name": "affix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *bruzdijaną. Equivalent to *broʀd (“point, spike”) + *-jan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdijan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdijannjas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "genitive",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdijannjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "dative",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdijannju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdiju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdidēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdidōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdiþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdidē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdijum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdidum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdidud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdijanþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdidun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdijēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdijēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdidīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdijēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdidīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdijēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdidīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdijandī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*bruʀdijan",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/bruʀdijan",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (denominative)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to prick, point"
      ],
      "id": "en-bruʀdijan-gmw-pro-verb-gEJ6EN0i",
      "links": [
        [
          "prick",
          "prick"
        ],
        [
          "point",
          "point"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "bruʀdijan"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "bryrdan"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: bryrdan",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: bryrdan"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "*brurten"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: *brurten",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: *brurten"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "anabrurten",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Old High German: anabrurten",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Old High German: anabrurten"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "entibrurten",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Old High German: entibrurten",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Old High German: entibrurten"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "gientibrurten",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Old High German: gientibrurten",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Old High German: gientibrurten"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*bruzdijaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bruzdijaną",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "*broʀd",
        "3": "*-jan",
        "id2": "denominative",
        "t1": "point, spike"
      },
      "expansion": "*broʀd (“point, spike”) + *-jan",
      "name": "affix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *bruzdijaną. Equivalent to *broʀd (“point, spike”) + *-jan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdijan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdijannjas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "genitive",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdijannjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "dative",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdijannju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdiju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdidēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdidōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdiþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdidē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdijum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdidum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdidud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdijanþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdidun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdijēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdijēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdidīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdijēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdidīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdijēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdidīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdijandī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruʀdid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*bruʀdijan",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/bruʀdijan",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Proto-West Germanic class 1 weak verbs",
        "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
        "Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
        "Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
        "Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (denominative)",
        "Proto-West Germanic verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to prick, point"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "prick",
          "prick"
        ],
        [
          "point",
          "point"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "bruʀdijan"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-27 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (bb24e0f and c7ea76d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.