See brīw in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for brīw meaning in Proto-West Germanic (5.7kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "brīw"
},
"expansion": "Old English: brīw, brīu, brīġ, briiw, briiġ\nMiddle English: breie, bre\nScots: brie\nEnglish: bree",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: brīw, brīu, brīġ, briiw, briiġ\nMiddle English: breie, bre\nScots: brie\nEnglish: bree"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*brī"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *brī",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: *brī"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Bräi"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Bräi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Bräi"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "brij"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: brij",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: brij"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "brī"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: brī",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: brī"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "brî",
"3": "brîg"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: brî, brîg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: brî, brîg"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "German Low German:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Märkisch, North Low German, Westphalian: Brie"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Frisian Low Saxon: Breei"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Low Prussian, Westphalian (Sauerländisch): Brei"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Westphalian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Kirchspiel Mülheim"
},
"expansion": "(Kirchspiel Mülheim)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Niedersfeld"
},
"expansion": "(Niedersfeld)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Meschede"
},
"expansion": "(Meschede)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Sauerländisch: Brui (Kirchspiel Mülheim), Braue (Niedersfeld), Broi (Meschede)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*brio",
"3": "*brī"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *brio, *brī",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *brio, *brī"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "brî",
"3": "bry"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: brî, bry",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: brî, bry"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "brij"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: brij",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: brij"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "brīo"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: brīo, brī, brīwo\nMiddle High German: brîe, brî\nGerman: Brei\nLuxembourgish: Bräi\nYiddish: ברײַ (bray)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: brīo, brī, brīwo\nMiddle High German: brîe, brî\nGerman: Brei\nLuxembourgish: Bräi\nYiddish: ברײַ (bray)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*brīwaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *brīwaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*bʰréy-u-s ~ *bʰr̥y-éw-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰréy-u-s ~ *bʰr̥y-éw-s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "frīgō",
"t": "to roast"
},
"expansion": "Latin frīgō (“to roast”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "भृज्जति",
"t": "to roast"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit भृज्जति (bhṛjjati, “to roast”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown; possibly from Proto-Germanic *brīwaz, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰréy-u-s ~ *bʰr̥y-éw-s, from *bʰr-ey-, from *bʰer- (“to boil”), cognate with Latin frīgō (“to roast”), Sanskrit भृज्जति (bhṛjjati, “to roast”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "brīw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brīwō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brīwōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brīw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brīwā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brīwas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brīwō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brīwē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brīwum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brīwu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brīwum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*brīw m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/brīw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"porridge, mash"
],
"id": "en-brīw-gmw-pro-noun-X~UzexmW",
"links": [
[
"porridge",
"porridge"
],
[
"mash",
"mash"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*mōs"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Elmar Seebold",
"Etymological Dictionary of the German Language",
"de:Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache"
]
}
],
"word": "brīw"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "brīw"
},
"expansion": "Old English: brīw, brīu, brīġ, briiw, briiġ\nMiddle English: breie, bre\nScots: brie\nEnglish: bree",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: brīw, brīu, brīġ, briiw, briiġ\nMiddle English: breie, bre\nScots: brie\nEnglish: bree"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*brī"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *brī",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: *brī"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Bräi"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Bräi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Bräi"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "brij"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: brij",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: brij"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "brī"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: brī",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: brī"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "brî",
"3": "brîg"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: brî, brîg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: brî, brîg"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "German Low German:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Märkisch, North Low German, Westphalian: Brie"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Frisian Low Saxon: Breei"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Low Prussian, Westphalian (Sauerländisch): Brei"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Westphalian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Kirchspiel Mülheim"
},
"expansion": "(Kirchspiel Mülheim)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Niedersfeld"
},
"expansion": "(Niedersfeld)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Meschede"
},
"expansion": "(Meschede)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Sauerländisch: Brui (Kirchspiel Mülheim), Braue (Niedersfeld), Broi (Meschede)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*brio",
"3": "*brī"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *brio, *brī",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *brio, *brī"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "brî",
"3": "bry"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: brî, bry",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: brî, bry"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "brij"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: brij",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: brij"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "brīo"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: brīo, brī, brīwo\nMiddle High German: brîe, brî\nGerman: Brei\nLuxembourgish: Bräi\nYiddish: ברײַ (bray)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: brīo, brī, brīwo\nMiddle High German: brîe, brî\nGerman: Brei\nLuxembourgish: Bräi\nYiddish: ברײַ (bray)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*brīwaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *brīwaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*bʰréy-u-s ~ *bʰr̥y-éw-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰréy-u-s ~ *bʰr̥y-éw-s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "frīgō",
"t": "to roast"
},
"expansion": "Latin frīgō (“to roast”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "भृज्जति",
"t": "to roast"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit भृज्जति (bhṛjjati, “to roast”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown; possibly from Proto-Germanic *brīwaz, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰréy-u-s ~ *bʰr̥y-éw-s, from *bʰr-ey-, from *bʰer- (“to boil”), cognate with Latin frīgō (“to roast”), Sanskrit भृज्जति (bhṛjjati, “to roast”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "brīw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brīwō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brīwōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brīw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brīwā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brīwas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brīwō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brīwē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brīwum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brīwu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brīwum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*brīw m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/brīw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine a-stem nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-West Germanic terms with unknown etymologies",
"gmw-pro:Foods"
],
"glosses": [
"porridge, mash"
],
"links": [
[
"porridge",
"porridge"
],
[
"mash",
"mash"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*mōs"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Elmar Seebold",
"Etymological Dictionary of the German Language",
"de:Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache"
]
}
],
"word": "brīw"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (384852d and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.