See berkan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "beorcan",
"3": "bercan"
},
"expansion": "Old English: beorcan, bercan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: beorcan, bercan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "berken"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: berken, beerke, barken, beorken, borken, berke, barke, berkyn\nEnglish: bark\nScots: berk, bark",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: berken, beerke, barken, beorken, borken, berke, barke, berkyn\nEnglish: bark\nScots: berk, bark"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "berkja",
"t": "to boast"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic berkja (“to boast”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "borka",
"t": "to boast"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian borka (“to boast”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "φάρυγξ",
"t": "pharynx"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek φάρυγξ (phárunx, “pharynx”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown; suggested to be related to Icelandic berkja (“to boast”), Norwegian borka (“to boast”), and perhaps further to Ancient Greek φάρυγξ (phárunx, “pharynx”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "berkan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "berkannjas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "berkannjē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "berkannju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "berku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bark",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "birkiʀi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "burkī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "birkidi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bark",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "berkum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "burkum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "birkid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "burkud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "berkand",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "burkun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "berkē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "burkī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "berkēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "berkē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "burkī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "berkēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "burkīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "berkēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "burkīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "berkēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "burkīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "birk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "birkid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "berkandī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "borkan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*berkan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-st"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/berkan",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to bark"
],
"id": "en-berkan-gmw-pro-verb-pXgVU5pF",
"links": [
[
"bark",
"bark"
]
],
"related": [
{
"sense": "*burkōn",
"tags": [
"Old-English"
],
"word": "borcian"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"word": "berkan"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "beorcan",
"3": "bercan"
},
"expansion": "Old English: beorcan, bercan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: beorcan, bercan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "berken"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: berken, beerke, barken, beorken, borken, berke, barke, berkyn\nEnglish: bark\nScots: berk, bark",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: berken, beerke, barken, beorken, borken, berke, barke, berkyn\nEnglish: bark\nScots: berk, bark"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "berkja",
"t": "to boast"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic berkja (“to boast”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "borka",
"t": "to boast"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian borka (“to boast”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "φάρυγξ",
"t": "pharynx"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek φάρυγξ (phárunx, “pharynx”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown; suggested to be related to Icelandic berkja (“to boast”), Norwegian borka (“to boast”), and perhaps further to Ancient Greek φάρυγξ (phárunx, “pharynx”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "berkan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "berkannjas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "berkannjē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "berkannju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "berku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bark",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "birkiʀi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "burkī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "birkidi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bark",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "berkum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "burkum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "birkid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "burkud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "berkand",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "burkun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "berkē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "burkī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "berkēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "berkē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "burkī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "berkēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "burkīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "berkēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "burkīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "berkēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "burkīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "birk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "birkid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "berkandī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "borkan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*berkan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-st"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/berkan",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"sense": "*burkōn",
"tags": [
"Old-English"
],
"word": "borcian"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Proto-West Germanic class 3 strong verbs",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic terms with unknown etymologies",
"Proto-West Germanic verbs",
"gmw-pro:Animal sounds"
],
"glosses": [
"to bark"
],
"links": [
[
"bark",
"bark"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"word": "berkan"
}
Download raw JSONL data for berkan meaning in Proto-West Germanic (4.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-09-20 using wiktextract (af5c55c and 66545a6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.