See arfō in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "earfan",
"g": "p"
},
"expansion": "Old English: earfan pl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: earfan pl"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*arfa"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *arfa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: *arfa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "arf",
"3": "arve"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: arf, arve",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: arf, arve"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*arfo"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *arfo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *arfo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "*arfe"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: *arfe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: *arfe"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Arf"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Arf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: Arf"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "arfi",
"bor": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Old Norse: arfi, ᛅᚱᚠᛁ (arfi) — nominative singular, ᛅᚱᚠᛅ (arfa) — dative/accusative/genitive singular, ᛅᚱᚠᛅᛦ (arfaʀ), ᛆᚱᚠᛆᛦ (arfaʀ), ᛅᚱᚠᛅᚱ (arfar) — nominative plural\nIcelandic: arfi\nFaroese: arvi\nNorwegian: arve\nOld Swedish: arve\nSwedish: arv (dialectal)\nDanish: arve",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→? Old Norse: arfi, ᛅᚱᚠᛁ (arfi) — nominative singular, ᛅᚱᚠᛅ (arfa) — dative/accusative/genitive singular, ᛅᚱᚠᛅᛦ (arfaʀ), ᛆᚱᚠᛆᛦ (arfaʀ), ᛅᚱᚠᛅᚱ (arfar) — nominative plural\nIcelandic: arfi\nFaroese: arvi\nNorwegian: arve\nOld Swedish: arve\nSwedish: arv (dialectal)\nDanish: arve"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*arfo"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *arfo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *arfo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "*erfe"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: *erfe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: *erfe"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "erf"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: erf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: erf"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*arfô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *arfô",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "la",
"3": "ervum"
},
"expansion": "Latin ervum",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain; possibly inherited from Proto-Germanic *arfô, or borrowed from Latin ervum.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-an",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "an-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine an-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "arfō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arfan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arfan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arfan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arfini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arfan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arfanō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arfini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arfan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arfum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arfini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arfan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arfum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*arfō m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-an"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/arfō",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"chickweed"
],
"id": "en-arfō-gmw-pro-noun-sLRbjmDm",
"links": [
[
"chickweed",
"chickweed"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"word": "arfō"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "earfan",
"g": "p"
},
"expansion": "Old English: earfan pl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: earfan pl"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*arfa"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *arfa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: *arfa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "arf",
"3": "arve"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: arf, arve",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: arf, arve"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*arfo"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *arfo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *arfo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "*arfe"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: *arfe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: *arfe"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Arf"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Arf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: Arf"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "arfi",
"bor": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Old Norse: arfi, ᛅᚱᚠᛁ (arfi) — nominative singular, ᛅᚱᚠᛅ (arfa) — dative/accusative/genitive singular, ᛅᚱᚠᛅᛦ (arfaʀ), ᛆᚱᚠᛆᛦ (arfaʀ), ᛅᚱᚠᛅᚱ (arfar) — nominative plural\nIcelandic: arfi\nFaroese: arvi\nNorwegian: arve\nOld Swedish: arve\nSwedish: arv (dialectal)\nDanish: arve",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→? Old Norse: arfi, ᛅᚱᚠᛁ (arfi) — nominative singular, ᛅᚱᚠᛅ (arfa) — dative/accusative/genitive singular, ᛅᚱᚠᛅᛦ (arfaʀ), ᛆᚱᚠᛆᛦ (arfaʀ), ᛅᚱᚠᛅᚱ (arfar) — nominative plural\nIcelandic: arfi\nFaroese: arvi\nNorwegian: arve\nOld Swedish: arve\nSwedish: arv (dialectal)\nDanish: arve"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*arfo"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *arfo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *arfo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "*erfe"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: *erfe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: *erfe"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "erf"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: erf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: erf"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*arfô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *arfô",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "la",
"3": "ervum"
},
"expansion": "Latin ervum",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain; possibly inherited from Proto-Germanic *arfô, or borrowed from Latin ervum.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-an",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "an-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine an-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "arfō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arfan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arfan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arfan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arfini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arfan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arfanō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arfini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arfan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arfum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arfini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arfan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arfum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*arfō m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-an"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/arfō",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine an-stem nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic terms borrowed from Latin",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Latin",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms with unknown etymologies",
"gmw-pro:Caryophyllales order plants"
],
"glosses": [
"chickweed"
],
"links": [
[
"chickweed",
"chickweed"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"word": "arfō"
}
Download raw JSONL data for arfō meaning in Proto-West Germanic (4.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (eaedd02 and 8fbd9e8). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.