See ku- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Proto-Samoyedic",
"lang_code": "syd-pro",
"word": "*ku-"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"word": "hol"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Northern Mansi",
"lang_code": "mns-nor",
"roman": "hunʹ",
"word": "хунь"
}
],
"lang": "Mansi",
"lang_code": "mns"
}
],
"lang": "Ugric",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Permic",
"lang_code": "urj-prm-pro",
"word": "*kod"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Erzya",
"lang_code": "myv",
"roman": "koda",
"sense": "how",
"word": "кода"
},
{
"lang": "Erzya",
"lang_code": "myv",
"roman": "koso",
"sense": "where",
"word": "косо"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Mordvinic",
"lang_code": "urj-mdv-pro",
"word": "*ko-"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"word": "*ku"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "syd-fne-Latn",
"word": "kuše"
}
],
"lang": "Nenets",
"lang_code": "yrk"
}
],
"lang": "Samoyedic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"word": "hogy"
}
],
"lang": "Ugric",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Komi-Zyrian",
"lang_code": "kpv",
"roman": "kydź",
"word": "кыдз"
},
{
"lang": "Udmurt",
"lang_code": "udm",
"roman": "kyźy",
"word": "кызьы"
}
],
"lang": "Permic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Western Mari",
"lang_code": "mrj",
"roman": "kyče",
"word": "кыче"
},
{
"lang": "Eastern Mari",
"lang_code": "mhr",
"roman": "kuze",
"word": "кузе"
}
],
"lang": "Mari",
"lang_code": "chm"
},
{
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"word": "*konsa"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*kʷ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷ-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Sometimes compared, especially by proponents of the Indo-Uralic hypothesis, with Proto-Indo-European *kʷ-, *kʷos.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "*ku-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Uralic",
"lang_code": "urj-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Uralic/ku-",
"pos": "pron",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ko-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "56 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Uralic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Uralic pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"who"
],
"id": "en-ku--urj-pro-pron-btAzcUC9",
"links": [
[
"who",
"who"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "56 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Uralic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Uralic pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"where"
],
"id": "en-ku--urj-pro-pron-tIERwQxl",
"links": [
[
"where",
"where"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "ku-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Uralic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Uralic lemmas",
"Proto-Uralic pronouns"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Proto-Samoyedic",
"lang_code": "syd-pro",
"word": "*ku-"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"word": "hol"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Northern Mansi",
"lang_code": "mns-nor",
"roman": "hunʹ",
"word": "хунь"
}
],
"lang": "Mansi",
"lang_code": "mns"
}
],
"lang": "Ugric",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Permic",
"lang_code": "urj-prm-pro",
"word": "*kod"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Erzya",
"lang_code": "myv",
"roman": "koda",
"sense": "how",
"word": "кода"
},
{
"lang": "Erzya",
"lang_code": "myv",
"roman": "koso",
"sense": "where",
"word": "косо"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Mordvinic",
"lang_code": "urj-mdv-pro",
"word": "*ko-"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"word": "*ku"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "syd-fne-Latn",
"word": "kuše"
}
],
"lang": "Nenets",
"lang_code": "yrk"
}
],
"lang": "Samoyedic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"word": "hogy"
}
],
"lang": "Ugric",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Komi-Zyrian",
"lang_code": "kpv",
"roman": "kydź",
"word": "кыдз"
},
{
"lang": "Udmurt",
"lang_code": "udm",
"roman": "kyźy",
"word": "кызьы"
}
],
"lang": "Permic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Western Mari",
"lang_code": "mrj",
"roman": "kyče",
"word": "кыче"
},
{
"lang": "Eastern Mari",
"lang_code": "mhr",
"roman": "kuze",
"word": "кузе"
}
],
"lang": "Mari",
"lang_code": "chm"
},
{
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"word": "*konsa"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*kʷ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷ-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Sometimes compared, especially by proponents of the Indo-Uralic hypothesis, with Proto-Indo-European *kʷ-, *kʷos.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "*ku-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Uralic",
"lang_code": "urj-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Uralic/ku-",
"pos": "pron",
"related": [
{
"word": "ko-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"who"
],
"links": [
[
"who",
"who"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"where"
],
"links": [
[
"where",
"where"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "ku-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ku- meaning in Proto-Uralic (2.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Uralic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-02 using wiktextract (606a11c and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.