"tumšuk" meaning in Proto-Turkic

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Oghuz:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Oghuz:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ota",
            "2": "طومشوق",
            "t": "beak",
            "tr": "tumşuk"
          },
          "expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: طومشوق (tumşuk, “beak”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ottoman Turkish: طومشوق (tumşuk, “beak”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tr",
            "2": "tumşuk",
            "t": "beak of large birds"
          },
          "expansion": "Turkish: tumşuk (“beak of large birds”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Turkish: tumşuk (“beak of large birds”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Oghuz:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tk",
            "2": "tumşuk",
            "t": "snout"
          },
          "expansion": "Turkmen: tumşuk (“snout”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Turkmen: tumşuk (“snout”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Karluk:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xqa",
            "2": "",
            "t": "beak",
            "tr": "tumšuq"
          },
          "expansion": "Karakhanid: [script needed] (tumšuq, “beak”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karakhanid: [script needed] (tumšuq, “beak”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ug",
            "2": "تۇمشۇق",
            "t": "beak"
          },
          "expansion": "Uyghur: تۇمشۇق (tumshuq, “beak”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Uyghur: تۇمشۇق (tumshuq, “beak”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uz",
            "2": "tumshuq",
            "t": "beak"
          },
          "expansion": "Uzbek: tumshuq (“beak”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Uzbek: tumshuq (“beak”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "North Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ba",
            "2": "томшоҡ",
            "t": "beak"
          },
          "expansion": "Bashkir: томшоҡ (tomşoq, “beak”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bashkir: томшоҡ (tomşoq, “beak”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tt",
            "2": "томшык",
            "t": "beak"
          },
          "expansion": "Tatar: томшык (tomşıq, “beak”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tatar: томшык (tomşıq, “beak”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Caspian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kk",
            "2": "тұмсық",
            "t": "beak"
          },
          "expansion": "Kazakh: тұмсық (tūmsyq, “beak”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kazakh: тұмсық (tūmsyq, “beak”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ky",
            "2": "тумшук",
            "t": "beak"
          },
          "expansion": "Kyrgyz: тумшук (tumşuk, “beak”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kyrgyz: тумшук (tumşuk, “beak”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "alt",
            "2": "тумчук",
            "t": "nose, beak"
          },
          "expansion": "Southern Altai: тумчук (tumčuk, “nose, beak”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Southern Altai: тумчук (tumčuk, “nose, beak”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Siberian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "oui",
            "2": "",
            "t": "nose, beak",
            "tr": "tumšuq"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Uyghur: [script needed] (tumšuq, “nose, beak”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Uyghur: [script needed] (tumšuq, “nose, beak”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "North Siberian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sah",
            "2": "тумус",
            "t": "beak"
          },
          "expansion": "Yakut: тумус (tumus, “beak”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Yakut: тумус (tumus, “beak”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Siberian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sayan:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tyv",
            "2": "думчук",
            "t": "nose"
          },
          "expansion": "Tuvan: думчук (dumçuk, “nose”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tuvan: думчук (dumçuk, “nose”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "atv",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Northern Altai:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Northern Altai::"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Kumandy: тунчук (tunčuk)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Kuu-Kizhi: тунчук (tunčuk)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Yenisei:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kjh",
            "2": "тумзух",
            "t": "nose"
          },
          "expansion": "Khakas: тумзух (tumzux, “nose”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Khakas: тумзух (tumzux, “nose”)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "oui",
        "2": "",
        "t": "nose bleeding",
        "tr": "kan tomurmakka"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Uyghur [script needed] (kan tomurmakka, “nose bleeding”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xqa",
        "2": "تمرماق",
        "alt": "تُمُرْماقْ",
        "t": "to bleed (of nose)",
        "tr": "tamurmāq"
      },
      "expansion": "Karakhanid تُمُرْماقْ (tamurmāq, “to bleed (of nose)”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xqa",
        "2": "تمرغان",
        "alt": "تَمُرْغانْ",
        "t": "bleeding continuously (of nose)",
        "tr": "tamurğān"
      },
      "expansion": "Karakhanid تَمُرْغانْ (tamurğān, “bleeding continuously (of nose)”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xgn-pro",
        "2": "*tom-",
        "t": "chief, first"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *tom- (“chief, first”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tuw-pro",
        "2": "*tumŋu-",
        "t": "top of head"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Tungusic *tumŋu- (“top of head”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-pro",
        "2": "*tum-",
        "t": "top, head"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Japonic *tum- (“top, head”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "頭",
        "2": "つぶり"
      },
      "expansion": "頭(つぶり) (tsuburi)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Clauson derives this lemma from the \"causative form\" of *tam- (“to drip”), which would yield *tamur-. In another entry (page 509)https://archive.org/details/etymologicaldict0000clau/page/509, he gives two reflexes of this would-be causative verb, which would be cognates to this Proto-Turkic term; Old Uyghur [script needed] (kan tomurmakka, “nose bleeding”) and Karakhanid تُمُرْماقْ (tamurmāq, “to bleed (of nose)”), also Karakhanid تَمُرْغانْ (tamurğān, “bleeding continuously (of nose)”).\nEDAL, instead, proposes a different root with quite a semantic coverage, Proto-Turkic *tum- (\"hat, cap; snout; beak; nose) which is then compared to Proto-Mongolic *tom- (“chief, first”), Proto-Tungusic *tumŋu- (“top of head”) and Proto-Japonic *tum- (“top, head”). Notwithstanding several etymological mistakes (see Japanese 頭(つぶり) (tsuburi), for example, which is claimed as a \"cognate\"), Altaic Hypothesis is now widely discredited and its comparisons are deemed unreliable.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "trk-pro",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "*tumšuk",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Turkic",
  "lang_code": "trk-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/tumšuk",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "nose"
      ],
      "id": "en-tumšuk-trk-pro-noun-134iEj5k",
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "*burun"
        },
        {
          "word": "*kaŋïr"
        },
        {
          "word": "*tāna"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "7 93",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "beak"
      ],
      "id": "en-tumšuk-trk-pro-noun-1lYgdD52",
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Proto-Turkic_language"
  ],
  "word": "tumšuk"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Turkic lemmas",
    "Proto-Turkic nouns",
    "Requests for native script for Karakhanid terms",
    "Requests for native script for Old Uyghur terms"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Oghuz:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Oghuz:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ota",
            "2": "طومشوق",
            "t": "beak",
            "tr": "tumşuk"
          },
          "expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: طومشوق (tumşuk, “beak”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ottoman Turkish: طومشوق (tumşuk, “beak”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tr",
            "2": "tumşuk",
            "t": "beak of large birds"
          },
          "expansion": "Turkish: tumşuk (“beak of large birds”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Turkish: tumşuk (“beak of large birds”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Oghuz:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tk",
            "2": "tumşuk",
            "t": "snout"
          },
          "expansion": "Turkmen: tumşuk (“snout”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Turkmen: tumşuk (“snout”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Karluk:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xqa",
            "2": "",
            "t": "beak",
            "tr": "tumšuq"
          },
          "expansion": "Karakhanid: [script needed] (tumšuq, “beak”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karakhanid: [script needed] (tumšuq, “beak”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ug",
            "2": "تۇمشۇق",
            "t": "beak"
          },
          "expansion": "Uyghur: تۇمشۇق (tumshuq, “beak”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Uyghur: تۇمشۇق (tumshuq, “beak”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uz",
            "2": "tumshuq",
            "t": "beak"
          },
          "expansion": "Uzbek: tumshuq (“beak”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Uzbek: tumshuq (“beak”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "North Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ba",
            "2": "томшоҡ",
            "t": "beak"
          },
          "expansion": "Bashkir: томшоҡ (tomşoq, “beak”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bashkir: томшоҡ (tomşoq, “beak”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tt",
            "2": "томшык",
            "t": "beak"
          },
          "expansion": "Tatar: томшык (tomşıq, “beak”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tatar: томшык (tomşıq, “beak”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Caspian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kk",
            "2": "тұмсық",
            "t": "beak"
          },
          "expansion": "Kazakh: тұмсық (tūmsyq, “beak”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kazakh: тұмсық (tūmsyq, “beak”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ky",
            "2": "тумшук",
            "t": "beak"
          },
          "expansion": "Kyrgyz: тумшук (tumşuk, “beak”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kyrgyz: тумшук (tumşuk, “beak”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "alt",
            "2": "тумчук",
            "t": "nose, beak"
          },
          "expansion": "Southern Altai: тумчук (tumčuk, “nose, beak”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Southern Altai: тумчук (tumčuk, “nose, beak”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Siberian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "oui",
            "2": "",
            "t": "nose, beak",
            "tr": "tumšuq"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Uyghur: [script needed] (tumšuq, “nose, beak”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Uyghur: [script needed] (tumšuq, “nose, beak”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "North Siberian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sah",
            "2": "тумус",
            "t": "beak"
          },
          "expansion": "Yakut: тумус (tumus, “beak”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Yakut: тумус (tumus, “beak”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Siberian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sayan:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tyv",
            "2": "думчук",
            "t": "nose"
          },
          "expansion": "Tuvan: думчук (dumçuk, “nose”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tuvan: думчук (dumçuk, “nose”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "atv",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Northern Altai:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Northern Altai::"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Kumandy: тунчук (tunčuk)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Kuu-Kizhi: тунчук (tunčuk)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Yenisei:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kjh",
            "2": "тумзух",
            "t": "nose"
          },
          "expansion": "Khakas: тумзух (tumzux, “nose”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Khakas: тумзух (tumzux, “nose”)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "oui",
        "2": "",
        "t": "nose bleeding",
        "tr": "kan tomurmakka"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Uyghur [script needed] (kan tomurmakka, “nose bleeding”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xqa",
        "2": "تمرماق",
        "alt": "تُمُرْماقْ",
        "t": "to bleed (of nose)",
        "tr": "tamurmāq"
      },
      "expansion": "Karakhanid تُمُرْماقْ (tamurmāq, “to bleed (of nose)”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xqa",
        "2": "تمرغان",
        "alt": "تَمُرْغانْ",
        "t": "bleeding continuously (of nose)",
        "tr": "tamurğān"
      },
      "expansion": "Karakhanid تَمُرْغانْ (tamurğān, “bleeding continuously (of nose)”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xgn-pro",
        "2": "*tom-",
        "t": "chief, first"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *tom- (“chief, first”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tuw-pro",
        "2": "*tumŋu-",
        "t": "top of head"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Tungusic *tumŋu- (“top of head”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-pro",
        "2": "*tum-",
        "t": "top, head"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Japonic *tum- (“top, head”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "頭",
        "2": "つぶり"
      },
      "expansion": "頭(つぶり) (tsuburi)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Clauson derives this lemma from the \"causative form\" of *tam- (“to drip”), which would yield *tamur-. In another entry (page 509)https://archive.org/details/etymologicaldict0000clau/page/509, he gives two reflexes of this would-be causative verb, which would be cognates to this Proto-Turkic term; Old Uyghur [script needed] (kan tomurmakka, “nose bleeding”) and Karakhanid تُمُرْماقْ (tamurmāq, “to bleed (of nose)”), also Karakhanid تَمُرْغانْ (tamurğān, “bleeding continuously (of nose)”).\nEDAL, instead, proposes a different root with quite a semantic coverage, Proto-Turkic *tum- (\"hat, cap; snout; beak; nose) which is then compared to Proto-Mongolic *tom- (“chief, first”), Proto-Tungusic *tumŋu- (“top of head”) and Proto-Japonic *tum- (“top, head”). Notwithstanding several etymological mistakes (see Japanese 頭(つぶり) (tsuburi), for example, which is claimed as a \"cognate\"), Altaic Hypothesis is now widely discredited and its comparisons are deemed unreliable.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "trk-pro",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "*tumšuk",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Turkic",
  "lang_code": "trk-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/tumšuk",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "nose"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "*burun"
        },
        {
          "word": "*kaŋïr"
        },
        {
          "word": "*tāna"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "beak"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Proto-Turkic_language"
  ],
  "word": "tumšuk"
}