See tepe in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for tepe meaning in Proto-Turkic (8.2kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghur: *töpe/tüpe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cv",
"2": "тӳпе",
"t": "sky; head"
},
"expansion": "Chuvash: тӳпе (tüp̬e, “sky; head”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chuvash: тӳпе (tüp̬e, “sky; head”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cv",
"2": "тĕпек",
"der": "1",
"t": "bangs"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Chuvash: тĕпек (tĕpek, “bangs”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Chuvash: тĕпек (tĕpek, “bangs”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Common Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Arghu:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "təpə"
},
"expansion": "Khalaj: təpə",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khalaj: təpə"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghuz: *tepe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "təpə"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: təpə\n→ Lezgi: тепе (tepe)\n→ Tabasaran: тепе (tepe)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: təpə\n→ Lezgi: тепе (tepe)\n→ Tabasaran: тепе (tepe)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "تپه",
"tr": "tepe"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: تپه (tepe)\nTurkish: tepe\n→ English: tepe\n→ Armenian: թեփե (tʻepʻe), թափա (tʻapʻa)\n→ Bulgarian: тепе n (tepe)\n→ Greek: τεπέ n (tepé)\n⇒ Greek: τεπές m (tepés)\n→ Persian: تپه (tappe)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: تپه (tepe)\nTurkish: tepe\n→ English: tepe\n→ Armenian: թեփե (tʻepʻe), թափա (tʻapʻa)\n→ Bulgarian: тепе n (tepe)\n→ Greek: τεπέ n (tepé)\n⇒ Greek: τεπές m (tepés)\n→ Persian: تپه (tappe)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "depe"
},
"expansion": "Turkmen: depe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkmen: depe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bbl",
"2": "თეფ",
"bor": "1",
"g": "cjj",
"t": "hill, hillock"
},
"expansion": "→ Bats: თეფ class jj (tep, “hill, hillock”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Bats: თეფ class jj (tep, “hill, hillock”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kipchak: *töbe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ba",
"2": "түбә"
},
"expansion": "Bashkir: түбә (tübə)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bashkir: түбә (tübə)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "түбә"
},
"expansion": "Tatar: түбә (tübä)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tatar: түбә (tübä)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crh",
"2": "töpe",
"3": "töbe"
},
"expansion": "Crimean Tatar: töpe, töbe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Crimean Tatar: töpe, töbe"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krc",
"2": "тёбе"
},
"expansion": "Karachay-Balkar: тёбе (töbe)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karachay-Balkar: тёбе (töbe)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kum",
"2": "тёбе"
},
"expansion": "Kumyk: тёбе (töbe)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kumyk: тёбе (töbe)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "төбе"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh: төбе (töbe)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kazakh: төбе (töbe)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ky",
"2": "дөбө"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz: дөбө (döbö)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz: дөбө (döbö)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "тӧбӧ"
},
"expansion": "Southern Altai: тӧбӧ (töbö)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Altai: тӧбӧ (töbö)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "تُبُو",
"tr": "töpü"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid: تُبُو (töpü)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakhanid: تُبُو (töpü)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "تۆپە"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur: تۆپە (töpe)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uyghur: تۆپە (töpe)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "tepa"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek: tepa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uzbek: tepa"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "otk",
"2": "𐱅𐰇𐰯𐰇",
"t": "height",
"tr": "töpü"
},
"expansion": "Old Turkic: 𐱅𐰇𐰯𐰇 (töpü, “height”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Turkic: 𐱅𐰇𐰯𐰇 (töpü, “height”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oui",
"2": "twybw",
"tr": "töpü"
},
"expansion": "Old Uyghur: twybw (töpü)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Uyghur: twybw (töpü)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlg",
"2": "төбө",
"tr": "töbö"
},
"expansion": "Dolgan: төбө (töbö)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dolgan: төбө (töbö)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "төбө"
},
"expansion": "Yakut: төбө (töbö)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yakut: төбө (töbö)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sayan:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tyv",
"2": "тей"
},
"expansion": "Tuvan: тей (tey)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tuvan: тей (tey)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "atv",
"2": "тӧбе",
"3": "тӧвӧ"
},
"expansion": "Northern Altai: тӧбе (töbe), тӧвӧ (tövö)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Altai: тӧбе (töbe), тӧвӧ (tövö)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*dexere",
"bor": "1",
"der": "1",
"t": "top",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→⇒? Proto-Mongolic: *dexere (“top”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→⇒? Proto-Mongolic: *dexere (“top”)"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A variant *töpü formed at a very early date due to the vowels being rounded as a result of the neighboring labial consonant *p.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "trk-pro-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "tepe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tepeni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tepeg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tepenig",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tepeniŋ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tepeke",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tepede",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tepeden",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tepegerü",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tepen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tepeče",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"equative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tepeleyü",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tepeligü",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*tepe",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "e"
},
"name": "trk-pro-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/tepe",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"hill, top"
],
"id": "en-tepe-trk-pro-noun-BrIZ555-",
"links": [
[
"hill",
"hill"
],
[
"top",
"top"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 94",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"top of head"
],
"id": "en-tepe-trk-pro-noun-1Ss2dJND",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"top",
"top"
],
[
"head",
"head"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) top of head"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "tepe"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Turkic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Turkic lemmas",
"Proto-Turkic nouns",
"trk-pro:Anatomy",
"trk-pro:Landforms"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghur: *töpe/tüpe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cv",
"2": "тӳпе",
"t": "sky; head"
},
"expansion": "Chuvash: тӳпе (tüp̬e, “sky; head”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chuvash: тӳпе (tüp̬e, “sky; head”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cv",
"2": "тĕпек",
"der": "1",
"t": "bangs"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Chuvash: тĕпек (tĕpek, “bangs”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Chuvash: тĕпек (tĕpek, “bangs”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Common Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Arghu:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "təpə"
},
"expansion": "Khalaj: təpə",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khalaj: təpə"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghuz: *tepe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "təpə"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: təpə\n→ Lezgi: тепе (tepe)\n→ Tabasaran: тепе (tepe)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: təpə\n→ Lezgi: тепе (tepe)\n→ Tabasaran: тепе (tepe)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "تپه",
"tr": "tepe"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: تپه (tepe)\nTurkish: tepe\n→ English: tepe\n→ Armenian: թեփե (tʻepʻe), թափա (tʻapʻa)\n→ Bulgarian: тепе n (tepe)\n→ Greek: τεπέ n (tepé)\n⇒ Greek: τεπές m (tepés)\n→ Persian: تپه (tappe)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: تپه (tepe)\nTurkish: tepe\n→ English: tepe\n→ Armenian: թեփե (tʻepʻe), թափա (tʻapʻa)\n→ Bulgarian: тепе n (tepe)\n→ Greek: τεπέ n (tepé)\n⇒ Greek: τεπές m (tepés)\n→ Persian: تپه (tappe)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "depe"
},
"expansion": "Turkmen: depe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkmen: depe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bbl",
"2": "თეფ",
"bor": "1",
"g": "cjj",
"t": "hill, hillock"
},
"expansion": "→ Bats: თეფ class jj (tep, “hill, hillock”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Bats: თეფ class jj (tep, “hill, hillock”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kipchak: *töbe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ba",
"2": "түбә"
},
"expansion": "Bashkir: түбә (tübə)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bashkir: түбә (tübə)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "түбә"
},
"expansion": "Tatar: түбә (tübä)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tatar: түбә (tübä)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crh",
"2": "töpe",
"3": "töbe"
},
"expansion": "Crimean Tatar: töpe, töbe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Crimean Tatar: töpe, töbe"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krc",
"2": "тёбе"
},
"expansion": "Karachay-Balkar: тёбе (töbe)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karachay-Balkar: тёбе (töbe)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kum",
"2": "тёбе"
},
"expansion": "Kumyk: тёбе (töbe)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kumyk: тёбе (töbe)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "төбе"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh: төбе (töbe)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kazakh: төбе (töbe)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ky",
"2": "дөбө"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz: дөбө (döbö)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz: дөбө (döbö)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "тӧбӧ"
},
"expansion": "Southern Altai: тӧбӧ (töbö)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Altai: тӧбӧ (töbö)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "تُبُو",
"tr": "töpü"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid: تُبُو (töpü)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakhanid: تُبُو (töpü)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "تۆپە"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur: تۆپە (töpe)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uyghur: تۆپە (töpe)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "tepa"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek: tepa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uzbek: tepa"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "otk",
"2": "𐱅𐰇𐰯𐰇",
"t": "height",
"tr": "töpü"
},
"expansion": "Old Turkic: 𐱅𐰇𐰯𐰇 (töpü, “height”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Turkic: 𐱅𐰇𐰯𐰇 (töpü, “height”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oui",
"2": "twybw",
"tr": "töpü"
},
"expansion": "Old Uyghur: twybw (töpü)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Uyghur: twybw (töpü)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlg",
"2": "төбө",
"tr": "töbö"
},
"expansion": "Dolgan: төбө (töbö)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dolgan: төбө (töbö)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "төбө"
},
"expansion": "Yakut: төбө (töbö)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yakut: төбө (töbö)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sayan:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tyv",
"2": "тей"
},
"expansion": "Tuvan: тей (tey)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tuvan: тей (tey)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "atv",
"2": "тӧбе",
"3": "тӧвӧ"
},
"expansion": "Northern Altai: тӧбе (töbe), тӧвӧ (tövö)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Altai: тӧбе (töbe), тӧвӧ (tövö)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*dexere",
"bor": "1",
"der": "1",
"t": "top",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→⇒? Proto-Mongolic: *dexere (“top”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→⇒? Proto-Mongolic: *dexere (“top”)"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A variant *töpü formed at a very early date due to the vowels being rounded as a result of the neighboring labial consonant *p.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "trk-pro-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "tepe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tepeni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tepeg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tepenig",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tepeniŋ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tepeke",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tepede",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tepeden",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tepegerü",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tepen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tepeče",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"equative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tepeleyü",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tepeligü",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*tepe",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "e"
},
"name": "trk-pro-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/tepe",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"hill, top"
],
"links": [
[
"hill",
"hill"
],
[
"top",
"top"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"trk-pro:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"top of head"
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"top",
"top"
],
[
"head",
"head"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) top of head"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "tepe"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Turkic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.