See teŕ- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Chuvash",
"lang_code": "cv",
"roman": "tar",
"word": "тар"
}
],
"lang": "Oghur",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Common Turkic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Khalaj",
"lang_code": "klj",
"word": "təzmək"
}
],
"lang": "Arghu",
"lang_code": "klj"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"word": "təzmək"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "tezmek"
}
],
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota"
}
],
"lang": "Old Anatolian Turkish",
"lang_code": "trk-oat"
},
{
"lang": "Turkmen",
"lang_code": "tk",
"word": "tezmek"
},
{
"lang": "Turkmen",
"lang_code": "tk",
"sense": "timid; not accustomed (for people); One side! Go away! (for animals)",
"word": "tez"
}
],
"lang": "Oghuz",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Uyghur",
"lang_code": "ug",
"roman": "tezmek",
"word": "تەزمەك"
}
],
"lang": "Karakhanid",
"lang_code": "xqa",
"roman": "tezmēk",
"word": "تَزْماكْ"
}
],
"lang": "Karluk",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Kipchak",
"lang_code": "qwm"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Yakut",
"lang_code": "sah",
"roman": "tehii",
"word": "тэһии"
},
{
"lang": "Dolgan",
"lang_code": "dlg",
"word": "тэһии"
}
],
"lang": "Old Turkic",
"lang_code": "otk",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "t²zig",
"word": "𐱅𐰔𐰃𐰏"
},
{
"lang": "Old Uyghur",
"lang_code": "oui",
"word": "tez-"
}
],
"lang": "Old Turkic",
"lang_code": "otk",
"roman": "t²z",
"word": "𐱅𐰔"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Tofa",
"lang_code": "kim",
"word": "des-"
},
{
"lang": "Tuvan",
"lang_code": "tyv",
"word": "des-"
}
],
"lang": "Sayan",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Khakas",
"lang_code": "kjh",
"word": "tis-"
}
],
"lang": "Yenisei",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "South Siberian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Siberian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"word": "تیز"
},
{
"lang": "Kazakh",
"lang_code": "kk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "tez",
"word": "тез"
},
{
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"lang_code": "ky",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "tez",
"word": "тез"
},
{
"lang": "Tatar",
"lang_code": "tt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "tiz",
"word": "тиз"
},
{
"lang": "Bashkir",
"lang_code": "ba",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "tiź",
"word": "тиҙ"
},
{
"lang": "Uzbek",
"lang_code": "uz",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tez"
},
{
"lang": "Uyghur",
"lang_code": "ug",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "tëz",
"word": "تېز"
},
{
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"lang_code": "crh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tez"
},
{
"lang": "Uzbek",
"lang_code": "uz",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tez"
},
{
"lang": "Karaim",
"lang_code": "kdr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "тэз"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"word": "tez"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"word": "tez"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Armenian",
"lang_code": "hy",
"roman": "tʻez",
"word": "թեզ"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Armenian",
"lang_code": "axm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "tʻēz",
"word": "թէզ"
}
],
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"roman": "tez",
"word": "تیز"
}
],
"lang": "Old Anatolian Turkish",
"lang_code": "trk-oat",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tez"
},
{
"lang": "Turkmen",
"lang_code": "tk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tīz"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Persian",
"lang_code": "pal",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"uncertain"
],
"sense": "quick",
"word": "tyc"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Karakhanid",
"lang_code": "xqa",
"roman": "terk",
"sense": "speed",
"word": "تَرْكْ"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Uyghur",
"lang_code": "oui",
"word": "terkin"
},
{
"lang": "Karakhanid",
"lang_code": "xqa",
"roman": "terkin",
"word": "تَرْكِنْ"
}
],
"lang": "Common Turkic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "*terkin"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "*terk"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*tergi-",
"t": "to run away, flee"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *tergi- (“to run away, flee”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mnc",
"t": "quickly",
"tr": "čir"
},
"expansion": "Manchu [script needed] (čir, “quickly”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compared to Proto-Mongolic *tergi- (“to run away, flee”), Manchu [script needed] (čir, “quickly”).\nAlthough the verb form is not used much in today's Turkic languages, it is frequently used in Old Turkic inscriptions. *qač- is never mentioned in two of the three Göktürk khaganate inscriptions, but tez- is mentioned in many. *teŕ- looks more archaic.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*teŕ-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/teŕ-",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "speed; quickly; to hurry",
"translation": "speed; quickly; to hurry",
"word": "ter-k*terk-in ()*terk-le- ()"
},
{
"english": "who run away (adjective); Proto-Common Turkic",
"translation": "who run away (adjective); Proto-Common Turkic",
"word": "tez-gek"
},
{
"english": "panic; Proto-Common Turkic",
"translation": "panic; Proto-Common Turkic",
"word": "tez-gi"
},
{
"english": "fast (adjective); Proto-Common Turkic",
"translation": "fast (adjective); Proto-Common Turkic",
"word": "tez-ig"
},
{
"english": "panic; Proto-Common Turkic",
"translation": "panic; Proto-Common Turkic",
"word": "tez-ik"
},
{
"english": "Proto-Common Turkic",
"translation": "Proto-Common Turkic",
"word": "tez-in-"
},
{
"english": "Proto-Common Turkic",
"translation": "Proto-Common Turkic",
"word": "tez-it-"
},
{
"english": "Proto-Common Turkic",
"translation": "Proto-Common Turkic",
"word": "tez-iš-"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to run away, flee"
],
"id": "en-teŕ--trk-pro-verb-ZpP56BTo",
"links": [
[
"run",
"run"
],
[
"away",
"away"
],
[
"flee",
"flee"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) to run away, flee"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "to flee",
"translation": "to flee",
"word": "*kač-"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "teŕ-"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "speed; quickly; to hurry",
"translation": "speed; quickly; to hurry",
"word": "ter-k*terk-in ()*terk-le- ()"
},
{
"english": "who run away (adjective); Proto-Common Turkic",
"translation": "who run away (adjective); Proto-Common Turkic",
"word": "tez-gek"
},
{
"english": "panic; Proto-Common Turkic",
"translation": "panic; Proto-Common Turkic",
"word": "tez-gi"
},
{
"english": "fast (adjective); Proto-Common Turkic",
"translation": "fast (adjective); Proto-Common Turkic",
"word": "tez-ig"
},
{
"english": "panic; Proto-Common Turkic",
"translation": "panic; Proto-Common Turkic",
"word": "tez-ik"
},
{
"english": "Proto-Common Turkic",
"translation": "Proto-Common Turkic",
"word": "tez-in-"
},
{
"english": "Proto-Common Turkic",
"translation": "Proto-Common Turkic",
"word": "tez-it-"
},
{
"english": "Proto-Common Turkic",
"translation": "Proto-Common Turkic",
"word": "tez-iš-"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Chuvash",
"lang_code": "cv",
"roman": "tar",
"word": "тар"
}
],
"lang": "Oghur",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Common Turkic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Khalaj",
"lang_code": "klj",
"word": "təzmək"
}
],
"lang": "Arghu",
"lang_code": "klj"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"word": "təzmək"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "tezmek"
}
],
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota"
}
],
"lang": "Old Anatolian Turkish",
"lang_code": "trk-oat"
},
{
"lang": "Turkmen",
"lang_code": "tk",
"word": "tezmek"
},
{
"lang": "Turkmen",
"lang_code": "tk",
"sense": "timid; not accustomed (for people); One side! Go away! (for animals)",
"word": "tez"
}
],
"lang": "Oghuz",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Uyghur",
"lang_code": "ug",
"roman": "tezmek",
"word": "تەزمەك"
}
],
"lang": "Karakhanid",
"lang_code": "xqa",
"roman": "tezmēk",
"word": "تَزْماكْ"
}
],
"lang": "Karluk",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Kipchak",
"lang_code": "qwm"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Yakut",
"lang_code": "sah",
"roman": "tehii",
"word": "тэһии"
},
{
"lang": "Dolgan",
"lang_code": "dlg",
"word": "тэһии"
}
],
"lang": "Old Turkic",
"lang_code": "otk",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "t²zig",
"word": "𐱅𐰔𐰃𐰏"
},
{
"lang": "Old Uyghur",
"lang_code": "oui",
"word": "tez-"
}
],
"lang": "Old Turkic",
"lang_code": "otk",
"roman": "t²z",
"word": "𐱅𐰔"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Tofa",
"lang_code": "kim",
"word": "des-"
},
{
"lang": "Tuvan",
"lang_code": "tyv",
"word": "des-"
}
],
"lang": "Sayan",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Khakas",
"lang_code": "kjh",
"word": "tis-"
}
],
"lang": "Yenisei",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "South Siberian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Siberian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"word": "تیز"
},
{
"lang": "Kazakh",
"lang_code": "kk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "tez",
"word": "тез"
},
{
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"lang_code": "ky",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "tez",
"word": "тез"
},
{
"lang": "Tatar",
"lang_code": "tt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "tiz",
"word": "тиз"
},
{
"lang": "Bashkir",
"lang_code": "ba",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "tiź",
"word": "тиҙ"
},
{
"lang": "Uzbek",
"lang_code": "uz",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tez"
},
{
"lang": "Uyghur",
"lang_code": "ug",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "tëz",
"word": "تېز"
},
{
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"lang_code": "crh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tez"
},
{
"lang": "Uzbek",
"lang_code": "uz",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tez"
},
{
"lang": "Karaim",
"lang_code": "kdr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "тэз"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"word": "tez"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"word": "tez"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Armenian",
"lang_code": "hy",
"roman": "tʻez",
"word": "թեզ"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Armenian",
"lang_code": "axm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "tʻēz",
"word": "թէզ"
}
],
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"roman": "tez",
"word": "تیز"
}
],
"lang": "Old Anatolian Turkish",
"lang_code": "trk-oat",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tez"
},
{
"lang": "Turkmen",
"lang_code": "tk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tīz"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Persian",
"lang_code": "pal",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"uncertain"
],
"sense": "quick",
"word": "tyc"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Karakhanid",
"lang_code": "xqa",
"roman": "terk",
"sense": "speed",
"word": "تَرْكْ"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Uyghur",
"lang_code": "oui",
"word": "terkin"
},
{
"lang": "Karakhanid",
"lang_code": "xqa",
"roman": "terkin",
"word": "تَرْكِنْ"
}
],
"lang": "Common Turkic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "*terkin"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "*terk"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*tergi-",
"t": "to run away, flee"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *tergi- (“to run away, flee”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mnc",
"t": "quickly",
"tr": "čir"
},
"expansion": "Manchu [script needed] (čir, “quickly”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compared to Proto-Mongolic *tergi- (“to run away, flee”), Manchu [script needed] (čir, “quickly”).\nAlthough the verb form is not used much in today's Turkic languages, it is frequently used in Old Turkic inscriptions. *qač- is never mentioned in two of the three Göktürk khaganate inscriptions, but tez- is mentioned in many. *teŕ- looks more archaic.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*teŕ-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/teŕ-",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Turkic intransitive verbs",
"Proto-Turkic lemmas",
"Proto-Turkic links with redundant wikilinks",
"Proto-Turkic verbs",
"Requests for native script for Khakas terms",
"Requests for native script for Manchu terms",
"Requests for native script for Middle Persian terms",
"Requests for native script for Old Anatolian Turkish terms",
"Requests for native script for Old Uyghur terms",
"Requests for native script for Tofa terms",
"Requests for native script for Tuvan terms"
],
"glosses": [
"to run away, flee"
],
"links": [
[
"run",
"run"
],
[
"away",
"away"
],
[
"flee",
"flee"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) to run away, flee"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "to flee",
"translation": "to flee",
"word": "*kač-"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "teŕ-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for teŕ- meaning in Proto-Turkic (6.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Turkic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-09-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-23 using wiktextract (20da82b and a97feda). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.