See tẹ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Chuvash",
"lang_code": "cv",
"roman": "te",
"word": "те"
}
],
"lang": "Oghur",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Common Turkic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"word": "te"
},
{
"lang": "Gagauz",
"lang_code": "gag",
"word": "te"
}
],
"lang": "West Oghuz",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Salar",
"lang_code": "slr",
"word": "düğü"
},
{
"lang": "Salar",
"lang_code": "slr",
"word": "tüü"
},
{
"lang": "Turkmen",
"lang_code": "tk",
"word": "şütki"
},
{
"lang": "Turkmen",
"lang_code": "tk",
"word": "şütüki"
},
{
"lang": "Turkmen",
"lang_code": "tk",
"word": "bitiki"
}
],
"lang": "East Oghuz",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Oghuz",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cuman",
"lang_code": "qwm",
"word": "tigi"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bashkir",
"lang_code": "ba",
"roman": "tege",
"word": "теге"
}
],
"lang": "North Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kazakh",
"lang_code": "kk",
"word": "tigi"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"lang_code": "ky",
"roman": "tigi",
"word": "тиги"
},
{
"lang": "Southern Altai",
"lang_code": "alt",
"roman": "tigi",
"word": "тиги"
},
{
"lang": "Southern Altai",
"lang_code": "alt",
"roman": "tu",
"word": "ту"
}
],
"lang": "East Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "South Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Kipchak",
"lang_code": "qwm"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dolgan",
"lang_code": "dlg",
"roman": "iti",
"word": "ити"
},
{
"lang": "Yakut",
"lang_code": "sah",
"roman": "iti",
"word": "ити"
}
],
"lang": "North Siberian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Tofa",
"lang_code": "kim",
"roman": "tee",
"word": "тээ"
},
{
"lang": "Tuvan",
"lang_code": "tyv",
"roman": "döö",
"word": "дөө"
}
],
"lang": "Sayan Turkic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Khakas",
"lang_code": "kjh",
"roman": "tege",
"sense": "so, thus",
"word": "теге"
}
],
"lang": "Yeniseian Turkic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "South Siberian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Siberian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*te",
"t": "that"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *te (“that”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "*tari",
"3": "*ta-",
"t": "that"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tungusic *ta- (“that”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "*tä",
"t": "that"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *tä (“that”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mn",
"2": "тэр"
},
"expansion": "Mongolian тэр (ter)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "evn",
"2": "тар"
},
"expansion": "Evenki тар (tar)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*tẹ",
"3": "*-ki"
},
"expansion": "*tẹ + *-ki",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Comparable to Proto-Mongolic *te (“that”), Proto-Tungusic *ta- (“that”), Proto-Uralic *tä (“that”). Compare also modern Mongolian тэр (ter) and Evenki тар (tar).\nSome of the descendants point to a derivation *tẹ + *-ki. The reasoning for rounding in some forms is uncertain.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "tẹ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tẹni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tẹniŋ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tẹŋe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tẹnte",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tẹnten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tẹŋerü",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tẹn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tẹnče",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"equative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tẹnleyü",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tẹnligü",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "pronoun",
"cat2": "demonstrative pronouns"
},
"expansion": "*tẹ",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/tẹ",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic demonstrative pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic terms suffixed with *-ki",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"that"
],
"id": "en-tẹ-trk-pro-pron-jn~AI2r0",
"links": [
[
"that",
"that"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*ol"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "tẹ"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Chuvash",
"lang_code": "cv",
"roman": "te",
"word": "те"
}
],
"lang": "Oghur",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Common Turkic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"word": "te"
},
{
"lang": "Gagauz",
"lang_code": "gag",
"word": "te"
}
],
"lang": "West Oghuz",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Salar",
"lang_code": "slr",
"word": "düğü"
},
{
"lang": "Salar",
"lang_code": "slr",
"word": "tüü"
},
{
"lang": "Turkmen",
"lang_code": "tk",
"word": "şütki"
},
{
"lang": "Turkmen",
"lang_code": "tk",
"word": "şütüki"
},
{
"lang": "Turkmen",
"lang_code": "tk",
"word": "bitiki"
}
],
"lang": "East Oghuz",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Oghuz",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cuman",
"lang_code": "qwm",
"word": "tigi"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bashkir",
"lang_code": "ba",
"roman": "tege",
"word": "теге"
}
],
"lang": "North Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kazakh",
"lang_code": "kk",
"word": "tigi"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"lang_code": "ky",
"roman": "tigi",
"word": "тиги"
},
{
"lang": "Southern Altai",
"lang_code": "alt",
"roman": "tigi",
"word": "тиги"
},
{
"lang": "Southern Altai",
"lang_code": "alt",
"roman": "tu",
"word": "ту"
}
],
"lang": "East Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "South Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Kipchak",
"lang_code": "qwm"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dolgan",
"lang_code": "dlg",
"roman": "iti",
"word": "ити"
},
{
"lang": "Yakut",
"lang_code": "sah",
"roman": "iti",
"word": "ити"
}
],
"lang": "North Siberian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Tofa",
"lang_code": "kim",
"roman": "tee",
"word": "тээ"
},
{
"lang": "Tuvan",
"lang_code": "tyv",
"roman": "döö",
"word": "дөө"
}
],
"lang": "Sayan Turkic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Khakas",
"lang_code": "kjh",
"roman": "tege",
"sense": "so, thus",
"word": "теге"
}
],
"lang": "Yeniseian Turkic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "South Siberian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Siberian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*te",
"t": "that"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *te (“that”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "*tari",
"3": "*ta-",
"t": "that"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tungusic *ta- (“that”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "*tä",
"t": "that"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *tä (“that”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mn",
"2": "тэр"
},
"expansion": "Mongolian тэр (ter)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "evn",
"2": "тар"
},
"expansion": "Evenki тар (tar)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*tẹ",
"3": "*-ki"
},
"expansion": "*tẹ + *-ki",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Comparable to Proto-Mongolic *te (“that”), Proto-Tungusic *ta- (“that”), Proto-Uralic *tä (“that”). Compare also modern Mongolian тэр (ter) and Evenki тар (tar).\nSome of the descendants point to a derivation *tẹ + *-ki. The reasoning for rounding in some forms is uncertain.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "tẹ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tẹni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tẹniŋ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tẹŋe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tẹnte",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tẹnten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tẹŋerü",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tẹn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tẹnče",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"equative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tẹnleyü",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tẹnligü",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "pronoun",
"cat2": "demonstrative pronouns"
},
"expansion": "*tẹ",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/tẹ",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Turkic demonstrative pronouns",
"Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Turkic lemmas",
"Proto-Turkic pronouns",
"Proto-Turkic terms spelled with Ẹ",
"Proto-Turkic terms suffixed with *-ki",
"Requests for native script for Kazakh terms",
"Requests for native script for Kipchak terms"
],
"glosses": [
"that"
],
"links": [
[
"that",
"that"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*ol"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "tẹ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for tẹ meaning in Proto-Turkic (4.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Turkic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-09-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-23 using wiktextract (20da82b and a97feda). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.