See tāla- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Chuvash",
"lang_code": "cv",
"roman": "tula",
"sense": "to harm, slander",
"word": "тула"
}
],
"lang": "Oghur",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Common Turkic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"word": "talamaq"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "talamak"
}
],
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"roman": "talamak",
"word": "طالامق"
}
],
"lang": "Old Anatolian Turkish",
"lang_code": "trk-oat"
},
{
"lang": "Turkmen",
"lang_code": "tk",
"word": "tālamak"
}
],
"lang": "Oghuz",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Uzbek",
"lang_code": "uz",
"word": "talamoq"
},
{
"lang": "Uyghur",
"lang_code": "ug",
"roman": "tala-",
"word": "تالاـ"
}
],
"lang": "Karakhanid",
"lang_code": "xqa",
"word": "tala-"
}
],
"lang": "Karluk",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bashkir",
"lang_code": "ba",
"roman": "talaw",
"word": "талау"
},
{
"lang": "Tatar",
"lang_code": "tt",
"word": "tala-"
}
],
"lang": "North Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kumyk",
"lang_code": "kum",
"roman": "talamaq",
"word": "таламакъ"
},
{
"lang": "Karaim",
"lang_code": "kdr",
"word": "tala-"
}
],
"lang": "West Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Karakalpak",
"lang_code": "kaa",
"word": "tala-"
},
{
"lang": "Kazakh",
"lang_code": "kk",
"roman": "talau",
"word": "талау"
},
{
"lang": "Nogai",
"lang_code": "nog",
"word": "tala-"
}
],
"lang": "Caspian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"lang_code": "ky",
"roman": "taloo",
"word": "талоо"
},
{
"lang": "Southern Altai",
"lang_code": "alt",
"roman": "talaar",
"word": "талаар"
}
],
"lang": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "South Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Kipchak",
"lang_code": "qwm"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Western Yugur",
"lang_code": "ybe",
"word": "tala-"
}
],
"lang": "Old Uyghur",
"lang_code": "oui",
"word": "tala-"
}
],
"lang": "Old Turkic",
"lang_code": "otk"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Khakas",
"lang_code": "kjh",
"word": "tala-"
}
],
"lang": "Yenisei",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "South Siberian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Siberian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*tala-",
"t": "to rob"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *tala- (“to rob”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mnc",
"2": "ᡨᠠᠯᠠᠮᠪᡳ",
"t": "to confiscate; to lay out"
},
"expansion": "Manchu ᡨᠠᠯᠠᠮᠪᡳ (talambi, “to confiscate; to lay out”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Akin to Proto-Mongolic *tala- (“to rob”), Manchu ᡨᠠᠯᠠᠮᠪᡳ (talambi, “to confiscate; to lay out”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*tāla-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/tāla-",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "56 24 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "83 10 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "80 11 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to rob, plunder"
],
"id": "en-tāla--trk-pro-verb-j1YwvLWa",
"links": [
[
"rob",
"rob"
],
[
"plunder",
"plunder"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to rob, plunder"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to harm, slander"
],
"id": "en-tāla--trk-pro-verb-y~7pNgPQ",
"links": [
[
"harm",
"harm"
],
[
"slander",
"slander"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to harm, slander"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"word": "tāla-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Chuvash",
"lang_code": "cv",
"roman": "tula",
"word": "тула"
}
],
"lang": "Oghur",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Common Turkic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"word": "dalamaq"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"word": "dalamak"
},
{
"lang": "Gagauz",
"lang_code": "gag",
"word": "dalamaa"
}
],
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"roman": "talamak, dalamak",
"word": "طالامق"
}
],
"lang": "Old Anatolian Turkish",
"lang_code": "trk-oat"
},
{
"lang": "Turkmen",
"lang_code": "tk",
"word": "dālamak"
}
],
"lang": "Oghuz",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bashkir",
"lang_code": "ba",
"roman": "talaw",
"word": "талау"
},
{
"lang": "Tatar",
"lang_code": "tt",
"word": "tala-"
}
],
"lang": "North Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"lang_code": "crh",
"word": "talamaq"
}
],
"lang": "West Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kazakh",
"lang_code": "kk",
"roman": "talau",
"word": "талау"
}
],
"lang": "Caspian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Southern Altai",
"lang_code": "alt",
"roman": "talaar",
"sense": "to abuse",
"word": "талаар"
}
],
"lang": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "South Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Kipchak",
"lang_code": "qwm"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "*dala-",
"t": "to lap, swill"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tungusic *dala- (“to lap, swill”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*dōluğa-",
"3": "*dōlu-ğa",
"t": "to lick"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *dōlu-ğa (“to lick”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Also reconstructed as *dāla- because there is a semantic distinction in Oghuz languages according to the beginning of the word.\nCompared to Proto-Tungusic *dala- (“to lap, swill”), also Proto-Mongolic *dōlu-ğa (“to lick”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*tāla-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/tāla-",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to bite"
],
"id": "en-tāla--trk-pro-verb-Swb~XZyh",
"links": [
[
"bite",
"bite"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "tāla-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Turkic lemmas",
"Proto-Turkic verbs",
"Requests for native script for Karaim terms",
"Requests for native script for Karakalpak terms",
"Requests for native script for Karakhanid terms",
"Requests for native script for Khakas terms",
"Requests for native script for Nogai terms",
"Requests for native script for Old Uyghur terms",
"Requests for native script for Tatar terms",
"Requests for native script for Western Yugur terms"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Chuvash",
"lang_code": "cv",
"roman": "tula",
"sense": "to harm, slander",
"word": "тула"
}
],
"lang": "Oghur",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Common Turkic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"word": "talamaq"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "talamak"
}
],
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"roman": "talamak",
"word": "طالامق"
}
],
"lang": "Old Anatolian Turkish",
"lang_code": "trk-oat"
},
{
"lang": "Turkmen",
"lang_code": "tk",
"word": "tālamak"
}
],
"lang": "Oghuz",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Uzbek",
"lang_code": "uz",
"word": "talamoq"
},
{
"lang": "Uyghur",
"lang_code": "ug",
"roman": "tala-",
"word": "تالاـ"
}
],
"lang": "Karakhanid",
"lang_code": "xqa",
"word": "tala-"
}
],
"lang": "Karluk",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bashkir",
"lang_code": "ba",
"roman": "talaw",
"word": "талау"
},
{
"lang": "Tatar",
"lang_code": "tt",
"word": "tala-"
}
],
"lang": "North Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kumyk",
"lang_code": "kum",
"roman": "talamaq",
"word": "таламакъ"
},
{
"lang": "Karaim",
"lang_code": "kdr",
"word": "tala-"
}
],
"lang": "West Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Karakalpak",
"lang_code": "kaa",
"word": "tala-"
},
{
"lang": "Kazakh",
"lang_code": "kk",
"roman": "talau",
"word": "талау"
},
{
"lang": "Nogai",
"lang_code": "nog",
"word": "tala-"
}
],
"lang": "Caspian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"lang_code": "ky",
"roman": "taloo",
"word": "талоо"
},
{
"lang": "Southern Altai",
"lang_code": "alt",
"roman": "talaar",
"word": "талаар"
}
],
"lang": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "South Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Kipchak",
"lang_code": "qwm"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Western Yugur",
"lang_code": "ybe",
"word": "tala-"
}
],
"lang": "Old Uyghur",
"lang_code": "oui",
"word": "tala-"
}
],
"lang": "Old Turkic",
"lang_code": "otk"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Khakas",
"lang_code": "kjh",
"word": "tala-"
}
],
"lang": "Yenisei",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "South Siberian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Siberian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*tala-",
"t": "to rob"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *tala- (“to rob”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mnc",
"2": "ᡨᠠᠯᠠᠮᠪᡳ",
"t": "to confiscate; to lay out"
},
"expansion": "Manchu ᡨᠠᠯᠠᠮᠪᡳ (talambi, “to confiscate; to lay out”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Akin to Proto-Mongolic *tala- (“to rob”), Manchu ᡨᠠᠯᠠᠮᠪᡳ (talambi, “to confiscate; to lay out”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*tāla-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/tāla-",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Turkic transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to rob, plunder"
],
"links": [
[
"rob",
"rob"
],
[
"plunder",
"plunder"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to rob, plunder"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Turkic transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to harm, slander"
],
"links": [
[
"harm",
"harm"
],
[
"slander",
"slander"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to harm, slander"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"word": "tāla-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Turkic lemmas",
"Proto-Turkic verbs",
"Requests for native script for Tatar terms"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Chuvash",
"lang_code": "cv",
"roman": "tula",
"word": "тула"
}
],
"lang": "Oghur",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Common Turkic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"word": "dalamaq"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"word": "dalamak"
},
{
"lang": "Gagauz",
"lang_code": "gag",
"word": "dalamaa"
}
],
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"roman": "talamak, dalamak",
"word": "طالامق"
}
],
"lang": "Old Anatolian Turkish",
"lang_code": "trk-oat"
},
{
"lang": "Turkmen",
"lang_code": "tk",
"word": "dālamak"
}
],
"lang": "Oghuz",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bashkir",
"lang_code": "ba",
"roman": "talaw",
"word": "талау"
},
{
"lang": "Tatar",
"lang_code": "tt",
"word": "tala-"
}
],
"lang": "North Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"lang_code": "crh",
"word": "talamaq"
}
],
"lang": "West Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kazakh",
"lang_code": "kk",
"roman": "talau",
"word": "талау"
}
],
"lang": "Caspian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Southern Altai",
"lang_code": "alt",
"roman": "talaar",
"sense": "to abuse",
"word": "талаар"
}
],
"lang": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "South Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Kipchak",
"lang_code": "qwm"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "*dala-",
"t": "to lap, swill"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tungusic *dala- (“to lap, swill”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*dōluğa-",
"3": "*dōlu-ğa",
"t": "to lick"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *dōlu-ğa (“to lick”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Also reconstructed as *dāla- because there is a semantic distinction in Oghuz languages according to the beginning of the word.\nCompared to Proto-Tungusic *dala- (“to lap, swill”), also Proto-Mongolic *dōlu-ğa (“to lick”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*tāla-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/tāla-",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to bite"
],
"links": [
[
"bite",
"bite"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "tāla-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for tāla- meaning in Proto-Turkic (6.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Turkic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-10-19 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-10-01 using wiktextract (899f67d and 361bf0e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.