See kugu in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "qu"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: qu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: qu"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "قوغو"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: قوغو",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: قوغو"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "kuğu"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: kuğu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: kuğu"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gag",
"2": "kuu"
},
"expansion": "Gagauz: kuu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gagauz: kuu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "guw"
},
"expansion": "Turkmen: guw",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkmen: guw"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "quv"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek: quv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uzbek: quv"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "قۇ"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur: قۇ (qu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uyghur: قۇ (qu)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kypchak:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "",
"tr": "quu"
},
"expansion": "Tatar: [script needed] (quu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tatar: [script needed] (quu)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kum",
"2": "къув"
},
"expansion": "Kumyk: къув (quw)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kumyk: къув (quw)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krc",
"2": "",
"tr": "quw"
},
"expansion": "Karachay-Balkar: [script needed] (quw)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karachay-Balkar: [script needed] (quw)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kdr",
"2": "",
"tr": "quw"
},
"expansion": "Karaim: [script needed] (quw)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karaim: [script needed] (quw)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Caspian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaa",
"2": "quw"
},
"expansion": "Karakalpak: quw",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakalpak: quw"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "қу"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh: қу (qu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kazakh: қу (qu)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nog",
"2": "кув"
},
"expansion": "Nogai: кув (kuv)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nogai: кув (kuv)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kyrgyz–Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ky",
"2": "куу"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz: куу (kuu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz: куу (kuu)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "куу"
},
"expansion": "Southern Altai: куу (kuu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Altai: куу (kuu)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Yenisei Kyrgyz: [Term?] (quɣu)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "otk",
"2": "𐰴𐰆𐰍𐰆",
"ts": "quɣu"
},
"expansion": "Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰆𐰍𐰆 (quǧu /quɣu/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰆𐰍𐰆 (quǧu /quɣu/)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oui",
"2": "",
"tr": "quɣu"
},
"expansion": "Old Uyghur: [script needed] (quɣu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Uyghur: [script needed] (quɣu)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "куба",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Yakut: куба (kuba)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Yakut: куба (kuba)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlg",
"2": "куба",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Dolgan: куба",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Dolgan: куба"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sayan:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tyv",
"2": "куу"
},
"expansion": "Tuvan: куу (kuu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tuvan: куу (kuu)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kim",
"2": "ӄуу"
},
"expansion": "Tofa: ӄуу",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tofa: ӄуу"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Yenisei:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kjh",
"2": "хуу"
},
"expansion": "Khakas: хуу (xuu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khakas: хуу (xuu)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cjs",
"2": "қуу"
},
"expansion": "Shor: қуу",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shor: қуу"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "*kūku",
"t": "swan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tungusic *kūku (“swan”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately onomatopoeic. Akin to Proto-Tungusic *kūku (“swan”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "trk-cmn-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kugu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kugular",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kugunïŋ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kugularnïŋ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuguka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kugularka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuguda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kugularda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kugudan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kugulardan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kugularïn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuguča",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"equative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kugularča",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"equative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*kugu",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "u"
},
"name": "trk-cmn-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kugu",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Common Turkic",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic onomatopoeias",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Undetermined language links",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"swan"
],
"id": "en-kugu-trk-pro-noun-aFba67AR",
"links": [
[
"swan",
"swan"
]
],
"qualifier": "Common Turkic",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Common Turkic) swan"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kugu"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "qu"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: qu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: qu"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "قوغو"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: قوغو",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: قوغو"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "kuğu"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: kuğu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: kuğu"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gag",
"2": "kuu"
},
"expansion": "Gagauz: kuu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gagauz: kuu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "guw"
},
"expansion": "Turkmen: guw",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkmen: guw"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "quv"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek: quv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uzbek: quv"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "قۇ"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur: قۇ (qu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uyghur: قۇ (qu)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kypchak:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "",
"tr": "quu"
},
"expansion": "Tatar: [script needed] (quu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tatar: [script needed] (quu)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kum",
"2": "къув"
},
"expansion": "Kumyk: къув (quw)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kumyk: къув (quw)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krc",
"2": "",
"tr": "quw"
},
"expansion": "Karachay-Balkar: [script needed] (quw)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karachay-Balkar: [script needed] (quw)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kdr",
"2": "",
"tr": "quw"
},
"expansion": "Karaim: [script needed] (quw)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karaim: [script needed] (quw)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Caspian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaa",
"2": "quw"
},
"expansion": "Karakalpak: quw",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakalpak: quw"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "қу"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh: қу (qu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kazakh: қу (qu)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nog",
"2": "кув"
},
"expansion": "Nogai: кув (kuv)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nogai: кув (kuv)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kyrgyz–Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ky",
"2": "куу"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz: куу (kuu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz: куу (kuu)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "куу"
},
"expansion": "Southern Altai: куу (kuu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Altai: куу (kuu)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Yenisei Kyrgyz: [Term?] (quɣu)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "otk",
"2": "𐰴𐰆𐰍𐰆",
"ts": "quɣu"
},
"expansion": "Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰆𐰍𐰆 (quǧu /quɣu/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰆𐰍𐰆 (quǧu /quɣu/)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oui",
"2": "",
"tr": "quɣu"
},
"expansion": "Old Uyghur: [script needed] (quɣu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Uyghur: [script needed] (quɣu)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "куба",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Yakut: куба (kuba)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Yakut: куба (kuba)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlg",
"2": "куба",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Dolgan: куба",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Dolgan: куба"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sayan:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tyv",
"2": "куу"
},
"expansion": "Tuvan: куу (kuu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tuvan: куу (kuu)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kim",
"2": "ӄуу"
},
"expansion": "Tofa: ӄуу",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tofa: ӄуу"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Yenisei:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kjh",
"2": "хуу"
},
"expansion": "Khakas: хуу (xuu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khakas: хуу (xuu)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cjs",
"2": "қуу"
},
"expansion": "Shor: қуу",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shor: қуу"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "*kūku",
"t": "swan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tungusic *kūku (“swan”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately onomatopoeic. Akin to Proto-Tungusic *kūku (“swan”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "trk-cmn-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kugu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kugular",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kugunïŋ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kugularnïŋ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuguka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kugularka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuguda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kugularda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kugudan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kugulardan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kugularïn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuguča",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"equative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kugularča",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"equative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*kugu",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "u"
},
"name": "trk-cmn-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kugu",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Common Turkic",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Turkic lemmas",
"Proto-Turkic nouns",
"Proto-Turkic onomatopoeias",
"Requests for native script for Karachay-Balkar terms",
"Requests for native script for Karaim terms",
"Requests for native script for Old Uyghur terms",
"Requests for native script for Tatar terms",
"Undetermined language links",
"Undetermined term requests",
"trk-pro:Anatids"
],
"glosses": [
"swan"
],
"links": [
[
"swan",
"swan"
]
],
"qualifier": "Common Turkic",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Common Turkic) swan"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kugu"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kugu meaning in Proto-Turkic (7.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Turkic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.