See kāl- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for kāl- meaning in Proto-Turkic (6.0kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghur:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cv",
"2": "юл"
},
"expansion": "Chuvash: юл (jul)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chuvash: юл (jul)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-cmn",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Common Turkic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Common Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Medieval:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "قَلْماقْ",
"tr": "qalmāq"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid: قَلْماقْ (qalmāq)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakhanid: قَلْماقْ (qalmāq)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "otk",
"2": "𐰴𐰞",
"tr": "qal-"
},
"expansion": "Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰞 (qal-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰞 (qal-)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oui",
"2": "qʾlmʾq",
"tr": "qalmaq"
},
"expansion": "Old Uyghur: qʾlmʾq (qalmaq)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Uyghur: qʾlmʾq (qalmaq)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "qwm",
"tr": "qal-"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak: [script needed] (qal-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak: [script needed] (qal-)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "qwm-mam",
"sc": "Arab",
"tr": "qal-"
},
"expansion": "Mamluk-Kipchak: [Arabic needed] (qal-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mamluk-Kipchak: [Arabic needed] (qal-)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Khorezmian: [script needed] (qal-)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Arghu:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "qâlmaq"
},
"expansion": "Khalaj: qâlmaq",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khalaj: qâlmaq"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "qalmaq"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: qalmaq",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: qalmaq"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "قالمق",
"tr": "qalmaq"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: قالمق (qalmaq)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: قالمق (qalmaq)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "kalmak"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: kalmak",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: kalmak"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "gālmak"
},
"expansion": "Turkmen: gālmak",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkmen: gālmak"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ba",
"2": "ҡалыу"
},
"expansion": "Bashkir: ҡалыу (qalıw)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bashkir: ҡалыу (qalıw)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "калу"
},
"expansion": "Tatar: калу (qalu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tatar: калу (qalu)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Caspian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "қалу"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh: қалу (qalu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kazakh: қалу (qalu)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ky",
"2": "калуу"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz: калуу (kaluu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz: калуу (kaluu)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "калар"
},
"expansion": "Southern Altai: калар (kalar)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Altai: калар (kalar)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chg",
"tr": "qalmaq"
},
"expansion": "Chagatai: [script needed] (qalmaq)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chagatai: [script needed] (qalmaq)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "qolmoq"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek: qolmoq",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uzbek: qolmoq"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "قالماق"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur: قالماق (qalmaq)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uyghur: قالماق (qalmaq)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlg",
"2": "каал",
"tr": "kaal"
},
"expansion": "Dolgan: каал (kaal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dolgan: каал (kaal)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "хаал"
},
"expansion": "Yakut: хаал (qaal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yakut: хаал (qaal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Yenisei Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kjh",
"2": "халарға"
},
"expansion": "Khakas: халарға (xalarğa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khakas: халарға (xalarğa)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sayan Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tyv",
"2": "калыр"
},
"expansion": "Tuvan: калыр (kalır)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tuvan: калыр (kalır)"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "kiāl-",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "verb",
"head": "kiāl-"
},
"expansion": "kiāl-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kāl-",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Turkic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to stay behind, remain"
],
"id": "en-kāl--trk-pro-verb-ImlDKpdZ",
"links": [
[
"stay",
"stay"
],
[
"remain",
"remain"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) to stay behind, remain"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kāl-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghur:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cv",
"2": "юл"
},
"expansion": "Chuvash: юл (jul)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chuvash: юл (jul)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-cmn",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Common Turkic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Common Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Medieval:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "قَلْماقْ",
"tr": "qalmāq"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid: قَلْماقْ (qalmāq)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakhanid: قَلْماقْ (qalmāq)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "otk",
"2": "𐰴𐰞",
"tr": "qal-"
},
"expansion": "Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰞 (qal-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰞 (qal-)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oui",
"2": "qʾlmʾq",
"tr": "qalmaq"
},
"expansion": "Old Uyghur: qʾlmʾq (qalmaq)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Uyghur: qʾlmʾq (qalmaq)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "qwm",
"tr": "qal-"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak: [script needed] (qal-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak: [script needed] (qal-)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "qwm-mam",
"sc": "Arab",
"tr": "qal-"
},
"expansion": "Mamluk-Kipchak: [Arabic needed] (qal-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mamluk-Kipchak: [Arabic needed] (qal-)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Khorezmian: [script needed] (qal-)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Arghu:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "qâlmaq"
},
"expansion": "Khalaj: qâlmaq",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khalaj: qâlmaq"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "qalmaq"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: qalmaq",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: qalmaq"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "قالمق",
"tr": "qalmaq"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: قالمق (qalmaq)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: قالمق (qalmaq)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "kalmak"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: kalmak",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: kalmak"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "gālmak"
},
"expansion": "Turkmen: gālmak",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkmen: gālmak"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ba",
"2": "ҡалыу"
},
"expansion": "Bashkir: ҡалыу (qalıw)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bashkir: ҡалыу (qalıw)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "калу"
},
"expansion": "Tatar: калу (qalu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tatar: калу (qalu)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Caspian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "қалу"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh: қалу (qalu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kazakh: қалу (qalu)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ky",
"2": "калуу"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz: калуу (kaluu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz: калуу (kaluu)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "калар"
},
"expansion": "Southern Altai: калар (kalar)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Altai: калар (kalar)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chg",
"tr": "qalmaq"
},
"expansion": "Chagatai: [script needed] (qalmaq)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chagatai: [script needed] (qalmaq)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "qolmoq"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek: qolmoq",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uzbek: qolmoq"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "قالماق"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur: قالماق (qalmaq)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uyghur: قالماق (qalmaq)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlg",
"2": "каал",
"tr": "kaal"
},
"expansion": "Dolgan: каал (kaal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dolgan: каал (kaal)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "хаал"
},
"expansion": "Yakut: хаал (qaal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yakut: хаал (qaal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Yenisei Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kjh",
"2": "халарға"
},
"expansion": "Khakas: халарға (xalarğa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khakas: халарға (xalarğa)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sayan Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tyv",
"2": "калыр"
},
"expansion": "Tuvan: калыр (kalır)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tuvan: калыр (kalır)"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "kiāl-",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "verb",
"head": "kiāl-"
},
"expansion": "kiāl-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kāl-",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Turkic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Turkic intransitive verbs",
"Proto-Turkic lemmas",
"Proto-Turkic verbs",
"Requests for Arabic script for Mamluk-Kipchak terms",
"Requests for native script for Chagatai terms",
"Requests for native script for Khorezmian Turkic terms",
"Requests for native script for Kipchak terms"
],
"glosses": [
"to stay behind, remain"
],
"links": [
[
"stay",
"stay"
],
[
"remain",
"remain"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) to stay behind, remain"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kāl-"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Turkic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.