See es in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Chuvash",
"lang_code": "cv",
"roman": "as",
"word": "ас"
},
{
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "ész"
}
],
"lang": "Oghur",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Proto-Common Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "*esirge"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Common Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"word": "*es"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Uzbek",
"lang_code": "uz",
"word": "es"
},
{
"lang": "Uyghur",
"lang_code": "ug",
"roman": "es",
"word": "ئەس"
}
],
"lang": "Karluk",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"roman": "eslemek",
"word": "اسلمك"
}
],
"lang": "Old Anatolian Turkish",
"lang_code": "trk-oat",
"word": "es"
},
{
"lang": "Turkmen",
"lang_code": "tk",
"word": "es"
}
],
"lang": "Oghuz",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bashkir",
"lang_code": "ba",
"roman": "iś",
"word": "иҫ"
},
{
"lang": "Tatar",
"lang_code": "tt",
"roman": "is",
"word": "ис"
}
],
"lang": "North Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"lang_code": "ky",
"roman": "es",
"word": "эс"
},
{
"lang": "Southern Altai",
"lang_code": "alt",
"roman": "es",
"word": "эс"
}
],
"lang": "East Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"lang_code": "crh",
"word": "es"
},
{
"lang": "Karachay-Balkar",
"lang_code": "krc",
"roman": "es",
"word": "эс"
},
{
"lang": "Kumyk",
"lang_code": "kum",
"roman": "es",
"word": "эс"
}
],
"lang": "West Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Karakalpak",
"lang_code": "kaa",
"word": "ес"
},
{
"lang": "Kazakh",
"lang_code": "kk",
"roman": "es",
"word": "ес"
},
{
"lang": "Nogai",
"lang_code": "nog",
"roman": "yes",
"word": "ес"
}
],
"lang": "South Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Kipchak",
"lang_code": "qwm"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l-self",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "es",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esig",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esniŋ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eske",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esden",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esgerü",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esče",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"equative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esleyü",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esligü",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*es",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"memory"
],
"id": "en-es-trk-pro-noun-wGT7yp2d",
"links": [
[
"memory",
"memory"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mind"
],
"id": "en-es-trk-pro-noun-HEj2MQ8c",
"links": [
[
"mind",
"mind"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "es"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Turkic lemmas",
"Proto-Turkic nouns",
"trk-pro:Mind"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Chuvash",
"lang_code": "cv",
"roman": "as",
"word": "ас"
},
{
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "ész"
}
],
"lang": "Oghur",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Proto-Common Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "*esirge"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Common Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"word": "*es"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Uzbek",
"lang_code": "uz",
"word": "es"
},
{
"lang": "Uyghur",
"lang_code": "ug",
"roman": "es",
"word": "ئەس"
}
],
"lang": "Karluk",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"roman": "eslemek",
"word": "اسلمك"
}
],
"lang": "Old Anatolian Turkish",
"lang_code": "trk-oat",
"word": "es"
},
{
"lang": "Turkmen",
"lang_code": "tk",
"word": "es"
}
],
"lang": "Oghuz",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bashkir",
"lang_code": "ba",
"roman": "iś",
"word": "иҫ"
},
{
"lang": "Tatar",
"lang_code": "tt",
"roman": "is",
"word": "ис"
}
],
"lang": "North Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"lang_code": "ky",
"roman": "es",
"word": "эс"
},
{
"lang": "Southern Altai",
"lang_code": "alt",
"roman": "es",
"word": "эс"
}
],
"lang": "East Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"lang_code": "crh",
"word": "es"
},
{
"lang": "Karachay-Balkar",
"lang_code": "krc",
"roman": "es",
"word": "эс"
},
{
"lang": "Kumyk",
"lang_code": "kum",
"roman": "es",
"word": "эс"
}
],
"lang": "West Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Karakalpak",
"lang_code": "kaa",
"word": "ес"
},
{
"lang": "Kazakh",
"lang_code": "kk",
"roman": "es",
"word": "ес"
},
{
"lang": "Nogai",
"lang_code": "nog",
"roman": "yes",
"word": "ес"
}
],
"lang": "South Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Kipchak",
"lang_code": "qwm"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l-self",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "es",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esig",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esniŋ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eske",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esden",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esgerü",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esče",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"equative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esleyü",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esligü",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*es",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"memory"
],
"links": [
[
"memory",
"memory"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"mind"
],
"links": [
[
"mind",
"mind"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "es"
}
Download raw JSONL data for es meaning in Proto-Turkic (3.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Turkic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-02-14 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-02-01 using wiktextract (f492ef9 and 59dc20b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.