"bugday" meaning in Proto-Turkic

See bugday in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

Etymology: Uncertain, multiple theories exist. Comparisons in the 'Altaic' family include Ramstedt's proposal of a connection with Korean 보리 (bori) based on the Chuvash reflex, which Eren (1999) dismisses as [an etymology] without a trustworthy foundation. Proto-Mongolic *buudaï is borrowed from Turkic. Etymology templates: {{noncog|ko|보리}} Korean 보리 (bori), {{noncog|xgn-pro|*buudaï}} Proto-Mongolic *buudaï Head templates: {{head|trk-pro|noun}} *bugday Inflection templates: {{trk-pro-decl-noun|a}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], bugday [nominative, singular], bugdayïg [accusative, singular], bugdaynï [accusative, singular], bugdaynïŋ [genitive, singular], bugdayka [dative, singular], bugdayda [locative, singular], bugdaydan [ablative, singular], bugdaygaru [allative, singular], bugdayïn [instrumental, singular], bugdayča [equative, singular], bugdaylayu [error-unrecognized-form, singular], bugdaylïgu [comitative, singular]
  1. wheat Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-bugday-trk-pro-noun-3mwzQzms Categories (other): Pages using bad params when calling Template:R:Nugteren 2011, Pages using bad params when calling Template:R:tr:Eren, Pages with 1 entry, Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header Related terms: beans, peas: *burčak, farro, wheat: *bugday, yidge, yidgelek, bōńurï Related terms (apple): almïla Related terms (barley): arpa Related terms (butter): yāg Related terms (carrot): turma Related terms (egg): yumurtka Related terms (honey): bạl Related terms (millet): tạrïg Related terms (mushroom): kömbe Related terms (onion): sōgun Related terms (radish): turp, turma Related terms (salt): tūŕ Related terms (walnut): yaŋgak
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Oghur:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hu",
            "2": "búza",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Hungarian: búza",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Hungarian: búza"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cv-old",
            "2": "*buɣzai̯",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? Old Chuvash: *buɣzai̯",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": ">? Old Chuvash: *buɣzai̯"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cv-mid",
            "2": "*pŭrai̯"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Chuvash: *pŭrai̯",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Chuvash: *pŭrai̯"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ba",
            "2": "борай",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Bashkir: борай (boray)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Bashkir: борай (boray)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xal",
            "2": "байр",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Kalmyk: байр (bayr)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Kalmyk: байр (bayr)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tt",
            "2": "борай",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Tatar: борай (boray)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Tatar: борай (boray)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cv-mid",
            "2": "*pŭri"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Chuvash: *pŭri",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Chuvash: *pŭri"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cv",
            "2": "пӑри"
          },
          "expansion": "Chuvash: пӑри (pări)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Chuvash: пӑри (pări)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Common Turkic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Oghuz:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "trk-oat",
            "tr": "buğday"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (buğday)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (buğday)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "az",
            "2": "buğda"
          },
          "expansion": "Azerbaijani: buğda\n→ Khalaj: buğda",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Azerbaijani: buğda\n→ Khalaj: buğda"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ota",
            "2": "بوغدای",
            "tr": "buğday"
          },
          "expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: بوغدای (buğday)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ottoman Turkish: بوغدای (buğday)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tr",
            "2": "buğday"
          },
          "expansion": "Turkish: buğday",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Turkish: buğday"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gag",
            "2": "buuday"
          },
          "expansion": "Gagauz: buuday",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gagauz: buuday"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Oghuz:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tk",
            "2": "bugdaý"
          },
          "expansion": "Turkmen: bugdaý",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Turkmen: bugdaý"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "slr",
            "2": "",
            "tr": "buɣday"
          },
          "expansion": "Salar: [script needed] (buɣday)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Salar: [script needed] (buɣday)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Karluk:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xqa",
            "2": "",
            "tr": "buɣday"
          },
          "expansion": "Karakhanid: [script needed] (buɣday)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karakhanid: [script needed] (buɣday)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uz",
            "2": "bugʻdoy"
          },
          "expansion": "Uzbek: bugʻdoy",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Uzbek: bugʻdoy"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ug",
            "2": "بۇغداي"
          },
          "expansion": "Uyghur: بۇغداي (bughday)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Uyghur: بۇغداي (bughday)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "North Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ba",
            "2": "бойҙай"
          },
          "expansion": "Bashkir: бойҙай (boyźay)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bashkir: бойҙай (boyźay)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tt",
            "2": "бодай"
          },
          "expansion": "Tatar: бодай (boday)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tatar: бодай (boday)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "crh",
            "2": "boğday"
          },
          "expansion": "Crimean Tatar: boğday",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Crimean Tatar: boğday"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "krc",
            "2": "богъдай"
          },
          "expansion": "Karachay-Balkar: богъдай (boğday)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karachay-Balkar: богъдай (boğday)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kum",
            "2": "будай"
          },
          "expansion": "Kumyk: будай (buday)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kumyk: будай (buday)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Caspian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kk",
            "2": "бидай"
          },
          "expansion": "Kazakh: бидай (bidai)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kazakh: бидай (bidai)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nog",
            "2": "бийдай"
          },
          "expansion": "Nogai: бийдай (biyday)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Nogai: бийдай (biyday)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ky",
            "2": "буудай"
          },
          "expansion": "Kyrgyz: буудай (buuday)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kyrgyz: буудай (buuday)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "alt",
            "2": "буудай"
          },
          "expansion": "Southern Altai: буудай (buuday)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Southern Altai: буудай (buuday)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Siberian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "oui",
            "tr": "bugday"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Uyghur: [script needed] (bugday)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Uyghur: [script needed] (bugday)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Siberian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Yenisei Turkic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kjh",
            "2": "пуғдай"
          },
          "expansion": "Khakas: пуғдай (puğday)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Khakas: пуғдай (puğday)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cjs",
            "2": "пуғдай"
          },
          "expansion": "Shor: пуғдай",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Shor: пуғдай"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "atv",
            "2": "бугдай"
          },
          "expansion": "Northern Altai: бугдай (bugday)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Northern Altai: бугдай (bugday)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xgn-pro",
            "2": "*buudaï",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Proto-Mongolic: *buudaï",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Proto-Mongolic: *buudaï"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mn",
            "2": "буудай"
          },
          "expansion": "Mongolian: буудай (buudaj)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Mongolian: буудай (buudaj)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "보리"
      },
      "expansion": "Korean 보리 (bori)",
      "name": "noncog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xgn-pro",
        "2": "*buudaï"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *buudaï",
      "name": "noncog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain, multiple theories exist.\nComparisons in the 'Altaic' family include Ramstedt's proposal of a connection with Korean 보리 (bori) based on the Chuvash reflex, which Eren (1999) dismisses as [an etymology] without a trustworthy foundation. Proto-Mongolic *buudaï is borrowed from Turkic.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trk-pro-decl-noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugday",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugdayïg",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugdaynï",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugdaynïŋ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugdayka",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugdayda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugdaydan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugdaygaru",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugdayïn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugdayča",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "equative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugdaylayu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugdaylïgu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "trk-pro",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "*bugday",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "a"
      },
      "name": "trk-pro-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Turkic",
  "lang_code": "trk-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/bugday",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using bad params when calling Template:R:Nugteren 2011",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using bad params when calling Template:R:tr:Eren",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "wheat"
      ],
      "id": "en-bugday-trk-pro-noun-3mwzQzms",
      "links": [
        [
          "wheat",
          "wheat"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "sense": "barley",
          "word": "arpa"
        },
        {
          "word": "beans"
        },
        {
          "word": "peas: *burčak"
        },
        {
          "word": "farro"
        },
        {
          "word": "wheat: *bugday"
        },
        {
          "word": "yidge"
        },
        {
          "word": "yidgelek"
        },
        {
          "word": "bōńurï"
        },
        {
          "sense": "apple",
          "word": "almïla"
        },
        {
          "sense": "walnut",
          "word": "yaŋgak"
        },
        {
          "sense": "honey",
          "word": "bạl"
        },
        {
          "sense": "millet",
          "word": "tạrïg"
        },
        {
          "sense": "onion",
          "word": "sōgun"
        },
        {
          "sense": "salt",
          "word": "tūŕ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "egg",
          "word": "yumurtka"
        },
        {
          "sense": "butter",
          "word": "yāg"
        },
        {
          "sense": "mushroom",
          "word": "kömbe"
        },
        {
          "sense": "radish",
          "word": "turp"
        },
        {
          "sense": "radish",
          "word": "turma"
        },
        {
          "sense": "carrot",
          "word": "turma"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "bugday"
}
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Oghur:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hu",
            "2": "búza",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Hungarian: búza",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Hungarian: búza"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cv-old",
            "2": "*buɣzai̯",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? Old Chuvash: *buɣzai̯",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": ">? Old Chuvash: *buɣzai̯"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cv-mid",
            "2": "*pŭrai̯"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Chuvash: *pŭrai̯",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Chuvash: *pŭrai̯"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ba",
            "2": "борай",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Bashkir: борай (boray)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Bashkir: борай (boray)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xal",
            "2": "байр",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Kalmyk: байр (bayr)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Kalmyk: байр (bayr)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tt",
            "2": "борай",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Tatar: борай (boray)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Tatar: борай (boray)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cv-mid",
            "2": "*pŭri"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Chuvash: *pŭri",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Chuvash: *pŭri"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cv",
            "2": "пӑри"
          },
          "expansion": "Chuvash: пӑри (pări)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Chuvash: пӑри (pări)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Common Turkic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Oghuz:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "trk-oat",
            "tr": "buğday"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (buğday)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (buğday)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "az",
            "2": "buğda"
          },
          "expansion": "Azerbaijani: buğda\n→ Khalaj: buğda",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Azerbaijani: buğda\n→ Khalaj: buğda"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ota",
            "2": "بوغدای",
            "tr": "buğday"
          },
          "expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: بوغدای (buğday)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ottoman Turkish: بوغدای (buğday)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tr",
            "2": "buğday"
          },
          "expansion": "Turkish: buğday",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Turkish: buğday"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gag",
            "2": "buuday"
          },
          "expansion": "Gagauz: buuday",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gagauz: buuday"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Oghuz:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tk",
            "2": "bugdaý"
          },
          "expansion": "Turkmen: bugdaý",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Turkmen: bugdaý"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "slr",
            "2": "",
            "tr": "buɣday"
          },
          "expansion": "Salar: [script needed] (buɣday)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Salar: [script needed] (buɣday)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Karluk:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xqa",
            "2": "",
            "tr": "buɣday"
          },
          "expansion": "Karakhanid: [script needed] (buɣday)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karakhanid: [script needed] (buɣday)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uz",
            "2": "bugʻdoy"
          },
          "expansion": "Uzbek: bugʻdoy",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Uzbek: bugʻdoy"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ug",
            "2": "بۇغداي"
          },
          "expansion": "Uyghur: بۇغداي (bughday)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Uyghur: بۇغداي (bughday)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "North Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ba",
            "2": "бойҙай"
          },
          "expansion": "Bashkir: бойҙай (boyźay)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bashkir: бойҙай (boyźay)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tt",
            "2": "бодай"
          },
          "expansion": "Tatar: бодай (boday)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tatar: бодай (boday)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "crh",
            "2": "boğday"
          },
          "expansion": "Crimean Tatar: boğday",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Crimean Tatar: boğday"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "krc",
            "2": "богъдай"
          },
          "expansion": "Karachay-Balkar: богъдай (boğday)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karachay-Balkar: богъдай (boğday)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kum",
            "2": "будай"
          },
          "expansion": "Kumyk: будай (buday)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kumyk: будай (buday)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Caspian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kk",
            "2": "бидай"
          },
          "expansion": "Kazakh: бидай (bidai)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kazakh: бидай (bidai)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nog",
            "2": "бийдай"
          },
          "expansion": "Nogai: бийдай (biyday)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Nogai: бийдай (biyday)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ky",
            "2": "буудай"
          },
          "expansion": "Kyrgyz: буудай (buuday)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kyrgyz: буудай (buuday)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "alt",
            "2": "буудай"
          },
          "expansion": "Southern Altai: буудай (buuday)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Southern Altai: буудай (buuday)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Siberian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "oui",
            "tr": "bugday"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Uyghur: [script needed] (bugday)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Uyghur: [script needed] (bugday)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Siberian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Yenisei Turkic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kjh",
            "2": "пуғдай"
          },
          "expansion": "Khakas: пуғдай (puğday)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Khakas: пуғдай (puğday)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cjs",
            "2": "пуғдай"
          },
          "expansion": "Shor: пуғдай",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Shor: пуғдай"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "atv",
            "2": "бугдай"
          },
          "expansion": "Northern Altai: бугдай (bugday)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Northern Altai: бугдай (bugday)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xgn-pro",
            "2": "*buudaï",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Proto-Mongolic: *buudaï",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Proto-Mongolic: *buudaï"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mn",
            "2": "буудай"
          },
          "expansion": "Mongolian: буудай (buudaj)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Mongolian: буудай (buudaj)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "보리"
      },
      "expansion": "Korean 보리 (bori)",
      "name": "noncog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xgn-pro",
        "2": "*buudaï"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *buudaï",
      "name": "noncog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain, multiple theories exist.\nComparisons in the 'Altaic' family include Ramstedt's proposal of a connection with Korean 보리 (bori) based on the Chuvash reflex, which Eren (1999) dismisses as [an etymology] without a trustworthy foundation. Proto-Mongolic *buudaï is borrowed from Turkic.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trk-pro-decl-noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugday",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugdayïg",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugdaynï",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugdaynïŋ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugdayka",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugdayda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugdaydan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugdaygaru",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugdayïn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugdayča",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "equative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugdaylayu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugdaylïgu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "trk-pro",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "*bugday",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "a"
      },
      "name": "trk-pro-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Turkic",
  "lang_code": "trk-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/bugday",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "sense": "barley",
      "word": "arpa"
    },
    {
      "word": "beans"
    },
    {
      "word": "peas: *burčak"
    },
    {
      "word": "farro"
    },
    {
      "word": "wheat: *bugday"
    },
    {
      "word": "yidge"
    },
    {
      "word": "yidgelek"
    },
    {
      "sense": "apple",
      "word": "almïla"
    },
    {
      "word": "bōńurï"
    },
    {
      "sense": "walnut",
      "word": "yaŋgak"
    },
    {
      "sense": "honey",
      "word": "bạl"
    },
    {
      "sense": "millet",
      "word": "tạrïg"
    },
    {
      "sense": "onion",
      "word": "sōgun"
    },
    {
      "sense": "salt",
      "word": "tūŕ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "egg",
      "word": "yumurtka"
    },
    {
      "sense": "butter",
      "word": "yāg"
    },
    {
      "sense": "mushroom",
      "word": "kömbe"
    },
    {
      "sense": "radish",
      "word": "turp"
    },
    {
      "sense": "radish",
      "word": "turma"
    },
    {
      "sense": "carrot",
      "word": "turma"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages using bad params when calling Template:R:Nugteren 2011",
        "Pages using bad params when calling Template:R:tr:Eren",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Turkic lemmas",
        "Proto-Turkic nouns",
        "Requests for native script for Karakhanid terms",
        "Requests for native script for Old Anatolian Turkish terms",
        "Requests for native script for Old Uyghur terms",
        "Requests for native script for Salar terms",
        "trk-pro:Grains"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "wheat"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "wheat",
          "wheat"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "bugday"
}

Download raw JSONL data for bugday meaning in Proto-Turkic (9.7kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Turkic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-08-20 using wiktextract (8e41825 and f99c758). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.