See bitig in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "betű"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Chuvash",
"lang_code": "cv",
"roman": "pĕt̬ü",
"sense": "amulet",
"word": "пӗтӳ"
}
],
"lang": "Oghur",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Common Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"word": "*bitig"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Common Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"word": "*bitik"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "bitik"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "letter, post; amulet; notebook; book; forme; amulet; credentials, document, compass, licence; clerk",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "biti"
}
],
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"roman": "biti",
"sense": "letter, written document; memory (literature); bill, document",
"word": "بتى"
}
],
"lang": "Old Anatolian Turkish",
"lang_code": "trk-oat",
"roman": "biti",
"sense": "letter, written document",
"word": "بِتى"
}
],
"lang": "West Oghuz",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Salar",
"lang_code": "slr",
"word": "bitik"
}
],
"lang": "East Oghuz",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Oghuz",
"lang_code": "trk-ogz-pro",
"word": "*bitig"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "bitik"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "letter, post; amulet; notebook; book; forme; amulet; credentials, document, compass, licence; clerk",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "biti"
}
],
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"roman": "biti",
"sense": "letter, written document; memory (literature); bill, document",
"word": "بتى"
}
],
"lang": "Old Anatolian Turkish",
"lang_code": "trk-oat",
"roman": "biti",
"sense": "letter, written document",
"word": "بِتى"
}
],
"lang": "West Oghuz",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Salar",
"lang_code": "slr",
"word": "bitik"
}
],
"lang": "East Oghuz",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Oghuz",
"lang_code": "trk-ogz-pro",
"word": "*bitik"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bulgar",
"lang_code": "xbo",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "bitik",
"word": "بطك"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Uzbek",
"lang_code": "uz",
"word": "bitik"
},
{
"lang": "Uyghur",
"lang_code": "ug",
"roman": "bëtik",
"word": "بېتىك"
}
],
"lang": "Chagatai",
"lang_code": "chg",
"roman": "bitig, bitik",
"word": "بیتیک"
}
],
"lang": "Khorezmian Turkic",
"lang_code": "zkh"
}
],
"lang": "Karakhanid",
"lang_code": "xqa",
"roman": "bitig, bitik",
"word": "بِتِكٔ"
}
],
"lang": "Karluk",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kipchak",
"lang_code": "qwm",
"roman": "bitüv, bitiv",
"word": "بتو"
},
{
"lang": "Kipchak",
"lang_code": "qwm",
"roman": "biti",
"word": "بتی"
},
{
"lang": "Kipchak",
"lang_code": "qwm",
"roman": "bitik",
"word": "بتك"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bashkir",
"lang_code": "ba",
"roman": "betew",
"sense": "amulet",
"word": "бетеү"
},
{
"lang": "Tatar",
"lang_code": "tt",
"roman": "böti",
"sense": "letter, amulet",
"word": "бөти"
}
],
"lang": "North Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Karaim",
"lang_code": "kdr",
"roman": "bitik",
"word": "битик"
},
{
"lang": "Kumyk",
"lang_code": "kum",
"roman": "bitik",
"sense": "amulet",
"word": "битик"
}
],
"lang": "West Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kazakh",
"lang_code": "kk",
"roman": "bıtık",
"sense": "letter, scripture",
"word": "бітік"
}
],
"lang": "Caspian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "South Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Kipchak",
"lang_code": "qwm"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "betik"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Western Yugur",
"lang_code": "ybe",
"sense": "book",
"word": "pïʰtïɣ"
}
],
"lang": "Old Uyghur",
"lang_code": "oui",
"word": "bitig"
}
],
"lang": "Old Turkic",
"lang_code": "otk",
"roman": "b²it²g",
"word": "𐰋𐰃𐱅𐰏"
}
],
"lang": "Siberian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"lang_code": "ky",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "bicik",
"sense": "book of Kalmyk",
"word": "бичик"
},
{
"lang": "Southern Altai",
"lang_code": "alt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "bičik",
"sense": "book",
"word": "бичик"
},
{
"lang": "Khakas",
"lang_code": "kjh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "pìçìk",
"sense": "book",
"word": "пічік"
},
{
"lang": "Shor",
"lang_code": "cjs",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"sense": "script, alphabet",
"word": "пичик"
},
{
"lang": "Tuvan",
"lang_code": "tyv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "bijik",
"word": "бижик"
},
{
"lang": "Yakut",
"lang_code": "sah",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "bicik",
"word": "бичик"
}
],
"lang": "Mongolian",
"lang_code": "mn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "bičig",
"word": "бичиг"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*biti-",
"3": "*g",
"gloss1": "to write"
},
"expansion": "*biti- (“to write”) + *-g",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *biti- (“to write”) + *-g.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l-self",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bitig",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bitigig",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bitigni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bitigniŋ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bitigke",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bitigde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bitigden",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bitiggerü",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bitigin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bitigče",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"equative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bitigleyü",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bitigligü",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "*bitik",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*bitig",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/bitig",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic terms suffixed with *-g",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inscription, scripture"
],
"id": "en-bitig-trk-pro-noun-pOcRph1O",
"links": [
[
"inscription",
"inscription"
],
[
"scripture",
"scripture"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "bitig"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "betű"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Chuvash",
"lang_code": "cv",
"roman": "pĕt̬ü",
"sense": "amulet",
"word": "пӗтӳ"
}
],
"lang": "Oghur",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Common Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"word": "*bitig"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Common Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"word": "*bitik"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "bitik"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "letter, post; amulet; notebook; book; forme; amulet; credentials, document, compass, licence; clerk",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "biti"
}
],
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"roman": "biti",
"sense": "letter, written document; memory (literature); bill, document",
"word": "بتى"
}
],
"lang": "Old Anatolian Turkish",
"lang_code": "trk-oat",
"roman": "biti",
"sense": "letter, written document",
"word": "بِتى"
}
],
"lang": "West Oghuz",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Salar",
"lang_code": "slr",
"word": "bitik"
}
],
"lang": "East Oghuz",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Oghuz",
"lang_code": "trk-ogz-pro",
"word": "*bitig"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "bitik"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "letter, post; amulet; notebook; book; forme; amulet; credentials, document, compass, licence; clerk",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "biti"
}
],
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"roman": "biti",
"sense": "letter, written document; memory (literature); bill, document",
"word": "بتى"
}
],
"lang": "Old Anatolian Turkish",
"lang_code": "trk-oat",
"roman": "biti",
"sense": "letter, written document",
"word": "بِتى"
}
],
"lang": "West Oghuz",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Salar",
"lang_code": "slr",
"word": "bitik"
}
],
"lang": "East Oghuz",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Oghuz",
"lang_code": "trk-ogz-pro",
"word": "*bitik"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bulgar",
"lang_code": "xbo",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "bitik",
"word": "بطك"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Uzbek",
"lang_code": "uz",
"word": "bitik"
},
{
"lang": "Uyghur",
"lang_code": "ug",
"roman": "bëtik",
"word": "بېتىك"
}
],
"lang": "Chagatai",
"lang_code": "chg",
"roman": "bitig, bitik",
"word": "بیتیک"
}
],
"lang": "Khorezmian Turkic",
"lang_code": "zkh"
}
],
"lang": "Karakhanid",
"lang_code": "xqa",
"roman": "bitig, bitik",
"word": "بِتِكٔ"
}
],
"lang": "Karluk",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kipchak",
"lang_code": "qwm",
"roman": "bitüv, bitiv",
"word": "بتو"
},
{
"lang": "Kipchak",
"lang_code": "qwm",
"roman": "biti",
"word": "بتی"
},
{
"lang": "Kipchak",
"lang_code": "qwm",
"roman": "bitik",
"word": "بتك"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bashkir",
"lang_code": "ba",
"roman": "betew",
"sense": "amulet",
"word": "бетеү"
},
{
"lang": "Tatar",
"lang_code": "tt",
"roman": "böti",
"sense": "letter, amulet",
"word": "бөти"
}
],
"lang": "North Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Karaim",
"lang_code": "kdr",
"roman": "bitik",
"word": "битик"
},
{
"lang": "Kumyk",
"lang_code": "kum",
"roman": "bitik",
"sense": "amulet",
"word": "битик"
}
],
"lang": "West Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kazakh",
"lang_code": "kk",
"roman": "bıtık",
"sense": "letter, scripture",
"word": "бітік"
}
],
"lang": "Caspian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "South Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Kipchak",
"lang_code": "qwm"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "betik"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Western Yugur",
"lang_code": "ybe",
"sense": "book",
"word": "pïʰtïɣ"
}
],
"lang": "Old Uyghur",
"lang_code": "oui",
"word": "bitig"
}
],
"lang": "Old Turkic",
"lang_code": "otk",
"roman": "b²it²g",
"word": "𐰋𐰃𐱅𐰏"
}
],
"lang": "Siberian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"lang_code": "ky",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "bicik",
"sense": "book of Kalmyk",
"word": "бичик"
},
{
"lang": "Southern Altai",
"lang_code": "alt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "bičik",
"sense": "book",
"word": "бичик"
},
{
"lang": "Khakas",
"lang_code": "kjh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "pìçìk",
"sense": "book",
"word": "пічік"
},
{
"lang": "Shor",
"lang_code": "cjs",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"sense": "script, alphabet",
"word": "пичик"
},
{
"lang": "Tuvan",
"lang_code": "tyv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "bijik",
"word": "бижик"
},
{
"lang": "Yakut",
"lang_code": "sah",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "bicik",
"word": "бичик"
}
],
"lang": "Mongolian",
"lang_code": "mn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "bičig",
"word": "бичиг"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*biti-",
"3": "*g",
"gloss1": "to write"
},
"expansion": "*biti- (“to write”) + *-g",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *biti- (“to write”) + *-g.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l-self",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bitig",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bitigig",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bitigni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bitigniŋ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bitigke",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bitigde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bitigden",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bitiggerü",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bitigin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bitigče",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"equative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bitigleyü",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bitigligü",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "*bitik",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*bitig",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/bitig",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Turkic lemmas",
"Proto-Turkic nouns",
"Proto-Turkic terms suffixed with *-g",
"Requests for native script for Old Uyghur terms",
"Requests for native script for Western Yugur terms",
"trk-pro:Communication"
],
"glosses": [
"inscription, scripture"
],
"links": [
[
"inscription",
"inscription"
],
[
"scripture",
"scripture"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "bitig"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bitig meaning in Proto-Turkic (7.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Turkic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-09-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-23 using wiktextract (20da82b and a97feda). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.