See bitig in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Oghur",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Chuvash",
"lang_code": "cv",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "pĕt̬ü",
"sense": "amulet",
"word": "пӗтӳ"
}
],
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"sense": "letter",
"word": "betű"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Common Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"word": "*bitig"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Rouran",
"lang_code": "mis-rou"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Mongolic",
"lang_code": "xgn-pro",
"word": "*bičig"
}
],
"lang": "→ Para-Mongolic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "bitik"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "letter, post; amulet; notebook; book; forme; amulet; credentials, document, compass, licence; clerk",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "biti"
}
],
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"roman": "biti",
"sense": "letter, written document; memory (literature); bill, document",
"word": "بتى"
}
],
"lang": "Old Anatolian Turkish",
"lang_code": "trk-oat",
"roman": "biti",
"sense": "letter, written document",
"word": "بِتى"
}
],
"lang": "West Oghuz",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Salar",
"lang_code": "slr",
"word": "bitik"
}
],
"lang": "East Oghuz",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Oghuz",
"lang_code": "trk-ogz-pro",
"word": "*bitig"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bulgar",
"lang_code": "xbo",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "bitik",
"word": "بطك"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Uzbek",
"lang_code": "uz",
"word": "bitik"
},
{
"lang": "Uyghur",
"lang_code": "ug",
"roman": "bëtik",
"word": "بېتىك"
}
],
"lang": "Chagatai",
"lang_code": "chg",
"roman": "bitig, bitik",
"word": "بیتیک"
}
],
"lang": "Khorezmian Turkic",
"lang_code": "zkh"
}
],
"lang": "Karakhanid",
"lang_code": "xqa",
"roman": "bitig, bitik",
"word": "بِتِكٔ"
}
],
"lang": "Karluk",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kipchak",
"lang_code": "qwm",
"roman": "bitüv, bitiv",
"word": "بتو"
},
{
"lang": "Kipchak",
"lang_code": "qwm",
"roman": "biti",
"word": "بتی"
},
{
"lang": "Kipchak",
"lang_code": "qwm",
"roman": "bitik",
"word": "بتك"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bashkir",
"lang_code": "ba",
"roman": "betew",
"sense": "amulet",
"word": "бетеү"
},
{
"lang": "Tatar",
"lang_code": "tt",
"roman": "böti",
"sense": "letter, amulet",
"word": "бөти"
}
],
"lang": "North Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Karaim",
"lang_code": "kdr",
"roman": "bitik",
"word": "битик"
},
{
"lang": "Kumyk",
"lang_code": "kum",
"roman": "bitik",
"sense": "amulet",
"word": "битик"
}
],
"lang": "West Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kazakh",
"lang_code": "kk",
"roman": "bıtık",
"sense": "letter, scripture",
"word": "бітік"
}
],
"lang": "Caspian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "South Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Kipchak",
"lang_code": "qwm"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "betik"
}
],
"lang": "Orkhon Turkic",
"lang_code": "otk",
"roman": "b²it²g",
"word": "𐰋𐰃𐱅𐰏"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Western Yugur",
"lang_code": "ybe",
"word": "pəhtəɣ"
},
{
"lang": "Western Yugur",
"lang_code": "ybe",
"sense": "book, writing, Buddhist scripture; letter, alphabet",
"word": "pəhtəkki"
}
],
"lang": "Old Uyghur",
"lang_code": "oui",
"roman": "pytyk",
"word": "𐽼𐽶𐾀𐽶𐽷"
}
],
"lang": "Old Turkic",
"lang_code": "otk"
}
],
"lang": "Siberian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*biti-<t:to wtite>",
"3": "*-g<pos:deverbal noun suffix>"
},
"expansion": "*biti- (“to wtite”) + *-g (deverbal noun suffix)",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Composed of *biti- (“to wtite”) + *-g (deverbal noun suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l-self",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bitig",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bitigig",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bitigni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bitigniŋ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bitigke",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bitigde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bitigden",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bitiggerü",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bitigin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bitigče",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"equative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bitigleyü",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bitigligü",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "n"
},
"expansion": "*bitig",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/bitig",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chagatai terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic terms suffixed with *-g",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"any written material; letter, writing, book"
],
"id": "en-bitig-trk-pro-noun-U6zydK-m",
"links": [
[
"written",
"written"
],
[
"letter",
"letter"
],
[
"writing",
"writing"
],
[
"book",
"book"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "bitig"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Oghur",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Chuvash",
"lang_code": "cv",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "pĕt̬ü",
"sense": "amulet",
"word": "пӗтӳ"
}
],
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"sense": "letter",
"word": "betű"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Common Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"word": "*bitig"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Rouran",
"lang_code": "mis-rou"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Mongolic",
"lang_code": "xgn-pro",
"word": "*bičig"
}
],
"lang": "→ Para-Mongolic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "bitik"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "letter, post; amulet; notebook; book; forme; amulet; credentials, document, compass, licence; clerk",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "biti"
}
],
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"roman": "biti",
"sense": "letter, written document; memory (literature); bill, document",
"word": "بتى"
}
],
"lang": "Old Anatolian Turkish",
"lang_code": "trk-oat",
"roman": "biti",
"sense": "letter, written document",
"word": "بِتى"
}
],
"lang": "West Oghuz",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Salar",
"lang_code": "slr",
"word": "bitik"
}
],
"lang": "East Oghuz",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Oghuz",
"lang_code": "trk-ogz-pro",
"word": "*bitig"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bulgar",
"lang_code": "xbo",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "bitik",
"word": "بطك"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Uzbek",
"lang_code": "uz",
"word": "bitik"
},
{
"lang": "Uyghur",
"lang_code": "ug",
"roman": "bëtik",
"word": "بېتىك"
}
],
"lang": "Chagatai",
"lang_code": "chg",
"roman": "bitig, bitik",
"word": "بیتیک"
}
],
"lang": "Khorezmian Turkic",
"lang_code": "zkh"
}
],
"lang": "Karakhanid",
"lang_code": "xqa",
"roman": "bitig, bitik",
"word": "بِتِكٔ"
}
],
"lang": "Karluk",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kipchak",
"lang_code": "qwm",
"roman": "bitüv, bitiv",
"word": "بتو"
},
{
"lang": "Kipchak",
"lang_code": "qwm",
"roman": "biti",
"word": "بتی"
},
{
"lang": "Kipchak",
"lang_code": "qwm",
"roman": "bitik",
"word": "بتك"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bashkir",
"lang_code": "ba",
"roman": "betew",
"sense": "amulet",
"word": "бетеү"
},
{
"lang": "Tatar",
"lang_code": "tt",
"roman": "böti",
"sense": "letter, amulet",
"word": "бөти"
}
],
"lang": "North Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Karaim",
"lang_code": "kdr",
"roman": "bitik",
"word": "битик"
},
{
"lang": "Kumyk",
"lang_code": "kum",
"roman": "bitik",
"sense": "amulet",
"word": "битик"
}
],
"lang": "West Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kazakh",
"lang_code": "kk",
"roman": "bıtık",
"sense": "letter, scripture",
"word": "бітік"
}
],
"lang": "Caspian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "South Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Kipchak",
"lang_code": "qwm"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "betik"
}
],
"lang": "Orkhon Turkic",
"lang_code": "otk",
"roman": "b²it²g",
"word": "𐰋𐰃𐱅𐰏"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Western Yugur",
"lang_code": "ybe",
"word": "pəhtəɣ"
},
{
"lang": "Western Yugur",
"lang_code": "ybe",
"sense": "book, writing, Buddhist scripture; letter, alphabet",
"word": "pəhtəkki"
}
],
"lang": "Old Uyghur",
"lang_code": "oui",
"roman": "pytyk",
"word": "𐽼𐽶𐾀𐽶𐽷"
}
],
"lang": "Old Turkic",
"lang_code": "otk"
}
],
"lang": "Siberian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*biti-<t:to wtite>",
"3": "*-g<pos:deverbal noun suffix>"
},
"expansion": "*biti- (“to wtite”) + *-g (deverbal noun suffix)",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Composed of *biti- (“to wtite”) + *-g (deverbal noun suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l-self",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bitig",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bitigig",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bitigni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bitigniŋ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bitigke",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bitigde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bitigden",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bitiggerü",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bitigin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bitigče",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"equative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bitigleyü",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bitigligü",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "n"
},
"expansion": "*bitig",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/bitig",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chagatai terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Turkic lemmas",
"Proto-Turkic nouns",
"Proto-Turkic terms suffixed with *-g"
],
"glosses": [
"any written material; letter, writing, book"
],
"links": [
[
"written",
"written"
],
[
"letter",
"letter"
],
[
"writing",
"writing"
],
[
"book",
"book"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "bitig"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bitig meaning in Proto-Turkic (5.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Turkic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-10-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-09-20 using wiktextract (ea0d853 and 1ab82da). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.