See xorna in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"iterative"
],
"word": "xorniti"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"agent"
],
"word": "xorniteľь"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"abstract-noun"
],
"word": "xornьba"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "хоро́на"
},
"expansion": "Russian: хоро́на (xoróna)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: хоро́на (xoróna)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Church Slavonic: храна (xrana)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "храна́"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: храна́ (hraná)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: храна́ (hraná)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "хра́на",
"3": "ра́на"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: хра́на (hrána), ра́на (rána)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: хра́на (hrána), ра́на (rána)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "хра́на",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: хра́на",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: хра́на"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "hrána",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: hrána",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: hrána"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "hrána",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: hrána",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hrána"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: hrána (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: hrána (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "chrana"
},
"expansion": "Czech: chrana",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rare"
},
"expansion": "(rare)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Czech: chrana (rare)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "charna",
"3": "chôrna"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: charna, chôrna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: charna, chôrna"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "chrona"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: chrona",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: chrona"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "charna"
},
"expansion": "Polish: charna",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Polish: charna (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pox",
"2": "xornă"
},
"expansion": "Polabian: xornă",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polabian: xornă"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-slv",
"2": "chorna"
},
"expansion": "Slovincian: chorna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovincian: chorna"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Non-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "hrană",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: hrană",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: hrană"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬓𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀",
"3": "",
"4": "food"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬓𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀 (xᵛar^əna, “food”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*swel-",
"4": "",
"5": "to devour; to swell"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *swel- (“to devour; to swell”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*serh₂-",
"4": "",
"5": "to sustain"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *serh₂- (“to sustain”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "servō",
"3": "",
"4": "to serve"
},
"expansion": "Latin servō (“to serve”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "सर्वथा",
"3": "",
"4": "entirety"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit सर्वथा (sarvathā, “entirety”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)ker-",
"4": "",
"5": "to chop"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to chop”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "carō",
"3": "",
"4": "flesh"
},
"expansion": "Latin carō (“flesh”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Disputed:\n* Martynov: Borrowed from Proto-Iranian, whence Avestan 𐬓𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀 (xᵛar^əna, “food”); perhaps, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *swel- (“to devour; to swell”). Doubted by Vasmer.\n* Berneker: Native, derived from Proto-Indo-European *serh₂- (“to sustain”) (whence Latin servō (“to serve”), Sanskrit सर्वथा (sarvathā, “entirety”)). Originally meaning “sustenance”. Initial *x- is explained as a result of levelling from forms such *prixorniti, *uxorniti which were subject to RUKI-rule.\n* Mladenov: Native, from an earlier *skornā, derived from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to chop”) (whence Latin carō (“flesh”)). Originally meaning “portion”.\nDerksen (EDSIL) and Trubačev (ESSJa) tend to favour the first hypothesis. Snoj prefers the second.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "xornà",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "b",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "xōrnà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xõrně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "xōrnỳ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "xōrnỳ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xōrnù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "xõrnъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "xōrně̀",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xōrnàma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "xōrnàmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "xōrnǫ̀",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xõrně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "xōrnỳ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "xōrnòjǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xõrnǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xōrnàma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "xōrnàmī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "xōrně̀",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xōrnù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "xōrnàsъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "xōrnàxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "xorno",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "xõrně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "xōrnỳ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"ap": "b"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/xorna",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"food"
],
"id": "en-xorna-sla-pro-noun-wfAmWC~m",
"links": [
[
"food",
"food"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 86",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 93",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 97",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 97",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fodder"
],
"id": "en-xorna-sla-pro-noun-y~RIBZD2",
"links": [
[
"fodder",
"fodder"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj",
"Rick Derksen"
],
"word": "xorna"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
"Proto-Slavic nouns"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"iterative"
],
"word": "xorniti"
},
{
"tags": [
"agent"
],
"word": "xorniteľь"
},
{
"tags": [
"abstract-noun"
],
"word": "xornьba"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "хоро́на"
},
"expansion": "Russian: хоро́на (xoróna)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: хоро́на (xoróna)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Church Slavonic: храна (xrana)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "храна́"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: храна́ (hraná)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: храна́ (hraná)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "хра́на",
"3": "ра́на"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: хра́на (hrána), ра́на (rána)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: хра́на (hrána), ра́на (rána)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "хра́на",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: хра́на",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: хра́на"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "hrána",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: hrána",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: hrána"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "hrána",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: hrána",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hrána"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: hrána (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: hrána (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "chrana"
},
"expansion": "Czech: chrana",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rare"
},
"expansion": "(rare)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Czech: chrana (rare)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "charna",
"3": "chôrna"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: charna, chôrna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: charna, chôrna"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "chrona"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: chrona",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: chrona"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "charna"
},
"expansion": "Polish: charna",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Polish: charna (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pox",
"2": "xornă"
},
"expansion": "Polabian: xornă",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polabian: xornă"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-slv",
"2": "chorna"
},
"expansion": "Slovincian: chorna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovincian: chorna"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Non-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "hrană",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: hrană",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: hrană"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬓𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀",
"3": "",
"4": "food"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬓𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀 (xᵛar^əna, “food”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*swel-",
"4": "",
"5": "to devour; to swell"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *swel- (“to devour; to swell”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*serh₂-",
"4": "",
"5": "to sustain"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *serh₂- (“to sustain”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "servō",
"3": "",
"4": "to serve"
},
"expansion": "Latin servō (“to serve”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "सर्वथा",
"3": "",
"4": "entirety"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit सर्वथा (sarvathā, “entirety”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)ker-",
"4": "",
"5": "to chop"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to chop”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "carō",
"3": "",
"4": "flesh"
},
"expansion": "Latin carō (“flesh”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Disputed:\n* Martynov: Borrowed from Proto-Iranian, whence Avestan 𐬓𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀 (xᵛar^əna, “food”); perhaps, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *swel- (“to devour; to swell”). Doubted by Vasmer.\n* Berneker: Native, derived from Proto-Indo-European *serh₂- (“to sustain”) (whence Latin servō (“to serve”), Sanskrit सर्वथा (sarvathā, “entirety”)). Originally meaning “sustenance”. Initial *x- is explained as a result of levelling from forms such *prixorniti, *uxorniti which were subject to RUKI-rule.\n* Mladenov: Native, from an earlier *skornā, derived from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to chop”) (whence Latin carō (“flesh”)). Originally meaning “portion”.\nDerksen (EDSIL) and Trubačev (ESSJa) tend to favour the first hypothesis. Snoj prefers the second.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "xornà",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "b",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "xōrnà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xõrně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "xōrnỳ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "xōrnỳ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xōrnù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "xõrnъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "xōrně̀",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xōrnàma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "xōrnàmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "xōrnǫ̀",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xõrně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "xōrnỳ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "xōrnòjǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xõrnǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xōrnàma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "xōrnàmī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "xōrně̀",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xōrnù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "xōrnàsъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "xōrnàxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "xorno",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "xõrně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "xōrnỳ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"ap": "b"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/xorna",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"food"
],
"links": [
[
"food",
"food"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"fodder"
],
"links": [
[
"fodder",
"fodder"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj",
"Rick Derksen"
],
"word": "xorna"
}
Download raw JSONL data for xorna meaning in Proto-Slavic (8.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (94ba7e1 and 5dea2a6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.