See užasъ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "ужасъ",
"3": "ужасть"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: ужасъ (užasŭ), ужасть (užastĭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: ужасъ (užasŭ), ужасть (užastĭ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "у́жас"
},
"expansion": "Russian: у́жас (úžas)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: у́жас (úžas)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "ужа́х"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: ужа́х (užáx)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: ужа́х (užáx) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "оужасъ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: оужасъ (užasŭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cyrillic script: оужасъ (užasŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ⱆⰶⰰⱄⱏ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⱆⰶⰰⱄⱏ (užasŭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Glagolitic script: ⱆⰶⰰⱄⱏ (užasŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "у́жас"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: у́жас (úžas)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: у́жас (úžas)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "ужас"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: ужас (užas)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: ужас (užas)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "у̏жа̄с",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: у̏жа̄с",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: у̏жа̄с"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ȕžās",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: ȕžās",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: ȕžās"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "úžas"
},
"expansion": "Czech: úžas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: úžas"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-osk",
"2": "úžas"
},
"expansion": "Old Slovak: úžas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Slovak: úžas"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rsk",
"2": "ужас"
},
"expansion": "Pannonian Rusyn: ужас (užas)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pannonian Rusyn: ужас (užas)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "úžas"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: úžas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: úžas"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*u-",
"3": "*žasъ",
"t2": "fright"
},
"expansion": "*u- + *žasъ (“fright”)",
"name": "prefix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*u-",
"3": "",
"4": "*-sъ",
"alt2": "*gēd-"
},
"expansion": "*u- + *gēd- + *-sъ",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "got",
"3": "𐌿𐍃𐌲𐌰𐌹𐍃𐌾𐌰𐌽",
"4": "",
"5": "to frighten"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌿𐍃𐌲𐌰𐌹𐍃𐌾𐌰𐌽 (usgaisjan, “to frighten”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "",
"3": "-𐌰𐌹-"
},
"expansion": "Gothic -𐌰𐌹- (-ai-)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*-ě-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-ě-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Morphologically equivalent to *u- + *žasъ (“fright”).\nFurther etymology is problematic:\n* On morphological basis, has been linked to the root of *gasiti (“to extinguish”), which however poses semantic problems.\n* An alternative proposal suggests genetic relation to *gadъ (“creep, reptile”), presumably from pre-Slavic *u- + *gēd- + *-sъ.\n* Possibly a borrowing from Gothic 𐌿𐍃𐌲𐌰𐌹𐍃𐌾𐌰𐌽 (usgaisjan, “to frighten”), assumming that related non-prefixed forms are back-formations and that Gothic -𐌰𐌹- (-ai-) was rendered as Proto-Slavic *-ě- < *-ē- (rather than formally expected *-ai-).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ȗžasъ",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "ȗžasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ȗžasa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "ȗžasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ȗžasa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "užasù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "užãsъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ȗžasu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "užasomà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "užasòmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ȗžasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ȗžasa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ȗžasy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ȗžasъmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ȗžasomь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "užasomà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "užasý",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ȗžasě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "užasù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "užasě̃xъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "užase",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ȗžasa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ȗžasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "užasъ",
"ap": "c"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/užasъ",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic terms prefixed with *u-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "to awe, to amaze, to terrify",
"word": "užasiti"
},
{
"english": "awful, stunning",
"word": "užasьnъ"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "→ horror, fright, dread (in South, East Slavic)"
},
{
"text": "→ amazement, astonishment (in West Slavic)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"awe, dismay"
],
"id": "en-užasъ-sla-pro-noun-YbpKhiqb",
"links": [
[
"awe",
"awe"
],
[
"dismay",
"dismay"
]
],
"qualifier": "perhaps originally",
"raw_glosses": [
"(perhaps originally) awe, dismay"
],
"related": [
{
"english": "fright",
"word": "žasъ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "Psalterium Sinaiticum; attested in",
"word": "užěsъ"
},
{
"english": "sporadically attested in East Slavic",
"word": "užastь"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Rick Derksen"
]
}
],
"word": "užasъ"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "to awe, to amaze, to terrify",
"word": "užasiti"
},
{
"english": "awful, stunning",
"word": "užasьnъ"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "ужасъ",
"3": "ужасть"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: ужасъ (užasŭ), ужасть (užastĭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: ужасъ (užasŭ), ужасть (užastĭ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "у́жас"
},
"expansion": "Russian: у́жас (úžas)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: у́жас (úžas)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "ужа́х"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: ужа́х (užáx)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: ужа́х (užáx) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "оужасъ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: оужасъ (užasŭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cyrillic script: оужасъ (užasŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ⱆⰶⰰⱄⱏ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⱆⰶⰰⱄⱏ (užasŭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Glagolitic script: ⱆⰶⰰⱄⱏ (užasŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "у́жас"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: у́жас (úžas)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: у́жас (úžas)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "ужас"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: ужас (užas)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: ужас (užas)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "у̏жа̄с",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: у̏жа̄с",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: у̏жа̄с"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ȕžās",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: ȕžās",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: ȕžās"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "úžas"
},
"expansion": "Czech: úžas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: úžas"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-osk",
"2": "úžas"
},
"expansion": "Old Slovak: úžas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Slovak: úžas"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rsk",
"2": "ужас"
},
"expansion": "Pannonian Rusyn: ужас (užas)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pannonian Rusyn: ужас (užas)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "úžas"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: úžas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: úžas"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*u-",
"3": "*žasъ",
"t2": "fright"
},
"expansion": "*u- + *žasъ (“fright”)",
"name": "prefix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*u-",
"3": "",
"4": "*-sъ",
"alt2": "*gēd-"
},
"expansion": "*u- + *gēd- + *-sъ",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "got",
"3": "𐌿𐍃𐌲𐌰𐌹𐍃𐌾𐌰𐌽",
"4": "",
"5": "to frighten"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌿𐍃𐌲𐌰𐌹𐍃𐌾𐌰𐌽 (usgaisjan, “to frighten”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "",
"3": "-𐌰𐌹-"
},
"expansion": "Gothic -𐌰𐌹- (-ai-)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*-ě-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-ě-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Morphologically equivalent to *u- + *žasъ (“fright”).\nFurther etymology is problematic:\n* On morphological basis, has been linked to the root of *gasiti (“to extinguish”), which however poses semantic problems.\n* An alternative proposal suggests genetic relation to *gadъ (“creep, reptile”), presumably from pre-Slavic *u- + *gēd- + *-sъ.\n* Possibly a borrowing from Gothic 𐌿𐍃𐌲𐌰𐌹𐍃𐌾𐌰𐌽 (usgaisjan, “to frighten”), assumming that related non-prefixed forms are back-formations and that Gothic -𐌰𐌹- (-ai-) was rendered as Proto-Slavic *-ě- < *-ē- (rather than formally expected *-ai-).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ȗžasъ",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "ȗžasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ȗžasa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "ȗžasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ȗžasa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "užasù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "užãsъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ȗžasu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "užasomà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "užasòmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ȗžasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ȗžasa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ȗžasy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ȗžasъmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ȗžasomь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "užasomà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "užasý",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ȗžasě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "užasù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "užasě̃xъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "užase",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ȗžasa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ȗžasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "užasъ",
"ap": "c"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/užasъ",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "fright",
"word": "žasъ"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic hard masculine o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms prefixed with *u-",
"sla-pro:Emotions"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "→ horror, fright, dread (in South, East Slavic)"
},
{
"text": "→ amazement, astonishment (in West Slavic)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"awe, dismay"
],
"links": [
[
"awe",
"awe"
],
[
"dismay",
"dismay"
]
],
"qualifier": "perhaps originally",
"raw_glosses": [
"(perhaps originally) awe, dismay"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Rick Derksen"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "Psalterium Sinaiticum; attested in",
"word": "užěsъ"
},
{
"english": "sporadically attested in East Slavic",
"word": "užastь"
}
],
"word": "užasъ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for užasъ meaning in Proto-Slavic (7.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.