See tylъ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "tyl",
"word": "тыл"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "tyl",
"word": "тил"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"roman": "tylŭ",
"word": "тылъ"
}
],
"lang": "East Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "tylŭ",
"word": "тылъ"
},
{
"lang": "Glagolitic script",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "tylŭ",
"word": "ⱅⱏⰹⰾⱏ"
}
],
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu"
},
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "tíl",
"word": "ти́л"
},
{
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "til",
"word": "тил"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "за̀тиљак"
},
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "по̀тиљак"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "zàtiljak"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "pòtiljak"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"sense": "cervix",
"word": "tȋlnik"
}
],
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"word": "tȋl"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "týl"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"word": "týl"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "tył"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"word": "tył"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"word": "tił"
}
],
"lang": "Pomeranian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"raw_tags": [
"n"
],
"word": "tylo"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"word": "tył"
},
{
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"raw_tags": [
"n"
],
"word": "tyło"
},
{
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"lang_code": "hsb",
"word": "tył"
}
],
"lang": "Sorbian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*tewh₂-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*tyti",
"3": "*-lъ",
"t1": "to fatten"
},
"expansion": "*tyti (“to fatten”) + *-lъ",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*tewh₂-",
"4": "",
"5": "to swell, to be strong"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tewh₂- (“to swell, to be strong”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "tū́las",
"3": "",
"4": "several"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian tū́las (“several”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "tūlan",
"3": "",
"4": "much"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian tūlan (“much”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "तूल",
"3": "",
"4": "tuft of grass or reeds"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit तूल (tūla, “tuft of grass or reeds”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "τῡ́λη",
"3": "",
"4": "hump, bulge"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek τῡ́λη (tū́lē, “hump, bulge”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Formed as *tyti (“to fatten”) + *-lъ, from Proto-Indo-European *tewh₂- (“to swell, to be strong”). Akin to Lithuanian tū́las (“several”), Old Prussian tūlan (“much”) and possibly Sanskrit तूल (tūla, “tuft of grass or reeds”), Ancient Greek τῡ́λη (tū́lē, “hump, bulge”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tỳlъ",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "*tylo",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "tylъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tỳla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "tỳli",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tỳla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tỳlu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "tỳlъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tỳlu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tỳloma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "tỳlomъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tylъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tỳla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "tỳly",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tỳlъmь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tỳlomь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tỳloma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "tỳlȳ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tỳlě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tỳlu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "tỳlě̄xъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tỳle",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tỳla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tỳli",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"ap": "a",
"stem": "o"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tylъ",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-lъ",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "tylьnъ"
},
{
"word": "tylovъ"
}
],
"glosses": [
"back of the neck, nape"
],
"id": "en-tylъ-sla-pro-noun-5DoT7NZk",
"links": [
[
"back",
"back"
],
[
"neck",
"neck"
],
[
"nape",
"nape"
]
],
"related": [
{
"english": "to get fat",
"translation": "to get fat",
"word": "toviti"
},
{
"english": "thousand",
"translation": "thousand",
"word": "tysǫti"
},
{
"english": "fat, lush",
"sense": "*tukъ (“fat”)",
"translation": "fat, lush",
"word": "tučьnъ"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Rick Derksen"
]
}
],
"word": "tylъ"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "tylьnъ"
},
{
"word": "tylovъ"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "tyl",
"word": "тыл"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "tyl",
"word": "тил"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"roman": "tylŭ",
"word": "тылъ"
}
],
"lang": "East Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "tylŭ",
"word": "тылъ"
},
{
"lang": "Glagolitic script",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "tylŭ",
"word": "ⱅⱏⰹⰾⱏ"
}
],
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu"
},
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "tíl",
"word": "ти́л"
},
{
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "til",
"word": "тил"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "за̀тиљак"
},
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "по̀тиљак"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "zàtiljak"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "pòtiljak"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"sense": "cervix",
"word": "tȋlnik"
}
],
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"word": "tȋl"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "týl"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"word": "týl"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "tył"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"word": "tył"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"word": "tił"
}
],
"lang": "Pomeranian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"raw_tags": [
"n"
],
"word": "tylo"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"word": "tył"
},
{
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"raw_tags": [
"n"
],
"word": "tyło"
},
{
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"lang_code": "hsb",
"word": "tył"
}
],
"lang": "Sorbian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*tewh₂-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*tyti",
"3": "*-lъ",
"t1": "to fatten"
},
"expansion": "*tyti (“to fatten”) + *-lъ",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*tewh₂-",
"4": "",
"5": "to swell, to be strong"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tewh₂- (“to swell, to be strong”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "tū́las",
"3": "",
"4": "several"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian tū́las (“several”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "tūlan",
"3": "",
"4": "much"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian tūlan (“much”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "तूल",
"3": "",
"4": "tuft of grass or reeds"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit तूल (tūla, “tuft of grass or reeds”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "τῡ́λη",
"3": "",
"4": "hump, bulge"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek τῡ́λη (tū́lē, “hump, bulge”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Formed as *tyti (“to fatten”) + *-lъ, from Proto-Indo-European *tewh₂- (“to swell, to be strong”). Akin to Lithuanian tū́las (“several”), Old Prussian tūlan (“much”) and possibly Sanskrit तूल (tūla, “tuft of grass or reeds”), Ancient Greek τῡ́λη (tū́lē, “hump, bulge”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tỳlъ",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "*tylo",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "tylъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tỳla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "tỳli",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tỳla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tỳlu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "tỳlъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tỳlu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tỳloma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "tỳlomъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tylъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tỳla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "tỳly",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tỳlъmь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tỳlomь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tỳloma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "tỳlȳ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tỳlě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tỳlu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "tỳlě̄xъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tỳle",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tỳla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tỳli",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"ap": "a",
"stem": "o"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tylъ",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "to get fat",
"translation": "to get fat",
"word": "toviti"
},
{
"english": "thousand",
"translation": "thousand",
"word": "tysǫti"
},
{
"english": "fat, lush",
"sense": "*tukъ (“fat”)",
"translation": "fat, lush",
"word": "tučьnъ"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic hard masculine o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *tewh₂-",
"Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-lъ",
"sla-pro:Body parts"
],
"glosses": [
"back of the neck, nape"
],
"links": [
[
"back",
"back"
],
[
"neck",
"neck"
],
[
"nape",
"nape"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Rick Derksen"
]
}
],
"word": "tylъ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for tylъ meaning in Proto-Slavic (6.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-10-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-10-01 using wiktextract (c8bd62c and a979ada). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.