See tovarъ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "товаръ"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: товаръ (tovarŭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: товаръ (tovarŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "тава́р"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: тава́р (tavár)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: тава́р (tavár)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "това́р"
},
"expansion": "Russian: това́р (továr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: това́р (továr)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "tavara",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Finnish: tavara",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Finnish: tavara"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "olo",
"2": "tavar",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Livvi: tavar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Livvi: tavar"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "tavar",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Veps: tavar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Veps: tavar"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "това́р"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: това́р (továr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: това́р (továr)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "това́р"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: това́р (továr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: това́р (továr)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "товар"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: товар (tovar)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: товар (tovar)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "то̀вар",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: то̀вар",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: то̀вар"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "tòvar",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: tòvar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: tòvar"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "tóvor",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: tóvor",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tóvor"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: tóvor (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: tóvor (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "towôr"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: towôr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: towôr"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "towar"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: towar\nPolish: towar\nSilesian: tŏwŏr",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: towar\nPolish: towar\nSilesian: tŏwŏr"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "tovar"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: tovar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: tovar"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "tovar",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Czech: tovar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Czech: tovar"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "trk"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Turkic",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "trk-pro",
"3": "*tabar"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *tabar",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "davar",
"3": "",
"4": "cattle, livestock"
},
"expansion": "Turkish davar (“cattle, livestock”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "axm",
"2": "տաւար",
"3": "",
"4": "cattle"
},
"expansion": "Middle Armenian տաւար (tawar, “cattle”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Turkic, from Proto-Turkic *tabar. Compare Turkish davar (“cattle, livestock”). Note also Middle Armenian տաւար (tawar, “cattle”), a Turkic borrowing.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "tovarъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tovara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "tovari",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tovara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tovaru",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "tovarъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tovaru",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tovaroma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "tovaromъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tovarъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tovara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "tovary",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tovarъmь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tovaromь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tovaroma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "tovary",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tovarě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tovaru",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "tovarěxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tovare",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tovara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tovari",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tovarъ",
"g": "m"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tovarъ",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "tovariščь"
}
],
"glosses": [
"commodity, goods, wares"
],
"id": "en-tovarъ-sla-pro-noun-SOnVjjj3",
"links": [
[
"commodity",
"commodity"
],
[
"goods",
"goods"
],
[
"wares",
"wares"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "tovarъ"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "tovariščь"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "товаръ"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: товаръ (tovarŭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: товаръ (tovarŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "тава́р"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: тава́р (tavár)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: тава́р (tavár)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "това́р"
},
"expansion": "Russian: това́р (továr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: това́р (továr)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "tavara",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Finnish: tavara",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Finnish: tavara"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "olo",
"2": "tavar",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Livvi: tavar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Livvi: tavar"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "tavar",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Veps: tavar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Veps: tavar"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "това́р"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: това́р (továr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: това́р (továr)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "това́р"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: това́р (továr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: това́р (továr)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "товар"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: товар (tovar)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: товар (tovar)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "то̀вар",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: то̀вар",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: то̀вар"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "tòvar",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: tòvar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: tòvar"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "tóvor",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: tóvor",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tóvor"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: tóvor (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: tóvor (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "towôr"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: towôr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: towôr"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "towar"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: towar\nPolish: towar\nSilesian: tŏwŏr",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: towar\nPolish: towar\nSilesian: tŏwŏr"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "tovar"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: tovar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: tovar"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "tovar",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Czech: tovar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Czech: tovar"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "trk"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Turkic",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "trk-pro",
"3": "*tabar"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *tabar",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "davar",
"3": "",
"4": "cattle, livestock"
},
"expansion": "Turkish davar (“cattle, livestock”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "axm",
"2": "տաւար",
"3": "",
"4": "cattle"
},
"expansion": "Middle Armenian տաւար (tawar, “cattle”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Turkic, from Proto-Turkic *tabar. Compare Turkish davar (“cattle, livestock”). Note also Middle Armenian տաւար (tawar, “cattle”), a Turkic borrowing.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "tovarъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tovara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "tovari",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tovara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tovaru",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "tovarъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tovaru",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tovaroma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "tovaromъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tovarъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tovara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "tovary",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tovarъmь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tovaromь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tovaroma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "tovary",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tovarě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tovaru",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "tovarěxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tovare",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tovara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tovari",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tovarъ",
"g": "m"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tovarъ",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard masculine o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms borrowed from Turkic languages",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Turkic",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Turkic languages",
"Proto-Slavic terms with redundant head parameter"
],
"glosses": [
"commodity, goods, wares"
],
"links": [
[
"commodity",
"commodity"
],
[
"goods",
"goods"
],
[
"wares",
"wares"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "tovarъ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for tovarъ meaning in Proto-Slavic (6.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (95d2be1 and 64224ec). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.