See těsto in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "тѣсто"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: тѣсто (těsto)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: тѣсто (těsto)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "тѣсто",
"alt": "тѣ́сто"
},
"expansion": "Old Ruthenian: тѣ́сто (tě́sto)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Ruthenian: тѣ́сто (tě́sto)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "це́ста"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: це́ста (cjésta)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: це́ста (cjésta)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "ті́сто"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: ті́сто (tísto)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: ті́сто (tísto); кі́сто (kísto) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "те́сто"
},
"expansion": "Russian: те́сто (tésto)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: те́сто (tésto)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "тѣсто",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: тѣсто (těsto)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cyrillic script: тѣсто (těsto)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ⱅⱑⱄⱅⱁ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⱅⱑⱄⱅⱁ (těsto)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Glagolitic script: ⱅⱑⱄⱅⱁ (těsto)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "тесто́"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: тесто́ (testó)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: тесто́ (testó)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "тесто"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: тесто (testo)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: тесто (testo)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "те̑сто",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: те̑сто",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: те̑сто, тије̑сто"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "tȇsto",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: tȇsto",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: tȇsto, tijȇsto"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "testọ̑",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: testọ̑",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "testọ̑"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: testọ̑ (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: testọ̑ (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "těsto"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: těsto",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: těsto"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "těsto"
},
"expansion": "Czech: těsto",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: těsto"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pox",
"2": "ťostü"
},
"expansion": "Polabian: ťostü",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polabian: ťostü"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ciasto"
},
"expansion": "Polish: ciasto",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: ciasto"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "cesto"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: cesto",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: cesto"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "śěsto"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: śěsto",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: śěsto"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "ćěsto"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: ćěsto",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: ćěsto"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Non-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "tészta",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hungarian: tészta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hungarian: tészta"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σταῖς",
"3": "",
"4": "dough"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek σταῖς (staîs, “dough”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*th₂ei-s-tóm"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *th₂ei-s-tóm",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "theismo",
"alt": "theismo, deismo"
},
"expansion": "Old High German theismo, deismo",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "taís",
"t": "dough"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish taís (“dough”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "toes"
},
"expansion": "Welsh toes",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly related to *tìskati. According to Beekes, linked to Ancient Greek σταῖς (staîs, “dough”) (gen. σταιτός (staitós)). Per Derksen, from Proto-Indo-European *th₂ei-s-tóm, cognates include Old High German theismo, deismo, Old Irish taís (“dough”), and Welsh toes.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tě̑sto",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "tě̑sto",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tě̑stě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "těstà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tě̑sta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "těstù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "tě̃stъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tě̑stu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "těstomà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "těstòmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tě̑sto",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tě̑stě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "těstà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tě̑stъmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tě̑stomь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "těstomà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "těstý",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tě̑stě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "těstù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "těstě̃xъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tě̑sto",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tě̑stě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "těstà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tě̑sto",
"ap": "c",
"g": "n",
"stem": "o"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/těsto",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "EDSIL without passage",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dough"
],
"id": "en-těsto-sla-pro-noun-y524eRLA",
"links": [
[
"dough",
"dough"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Rick Derksen"
]
}
],
"word": "těsto"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "тѣсто"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: тѣсто (těsto)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: тѣсто (těsto)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "тѣсто",
"alt": "тѣ́сто"
},
"expansion": "Old Ruthenian: тѣ́сто (tě́sto)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Ruthenian: тѣ́сто (tě́sto)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "це́ста"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: це́ста (cjésta)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: це́ста (cjésta)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "ті́сто"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: ті́сто (tísto)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: ті́сто (tísto); кі́сто (kísto) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "те́сто"
},
"expansion": "Russian: те́сто (tésto)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: те́сто (tésto)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "тѣсто",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: тѣсто (těsto)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cyrillic script: тѣсто (těsto)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ⱅⱑⱄⱅⱁ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⱅⱑⱄⱅⱁ (těsto)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Glagolitic script: ⱅⱑⱄⱅⱁ (těsto)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "тесто́"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: тесто́ (testó)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: тесто́ (testó)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "тесто"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: тесто (testo)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: тесто (testo)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "те̑сто",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: те̑сто",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: те̑сто, тије̑сто"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "tȇsto",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: tȇsto",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: tȇsto, tijȇsto"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "testọ̑",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: testọ̑",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "testọ̑"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: testọ̑ (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: testọ̑ (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "těsto"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: těsto",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: těsto"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "těsto"
},
"expansion": "Czech: těsto",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: těsto"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pox",
"2": "ťostü"
},
"expansion": "Polabian: ťostü",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polabian: ťostü"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ciasto"
},
"expansion": "Polish: ciasto",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: ciasto"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "cesto"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: cesto",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: cesto"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "śěsto"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: śěsto",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: śěsto"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "ćěsto"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: ćěsto",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: ćěsto"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Non-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "tészta",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hungarian: tészta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hungarian: tészta"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σταῖς",
"3": "",
"4": "dough"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek σταῖς (staîs, “dough”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*th₂ei-s-tóm"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *th₂ei-s-tóm",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "theismo",
"alt": "theismo, deismo"
},
"expansion": "Old High German theismo, deismo",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "taís",
"t": "dough"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish taís (“dough”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "toes"
},
"expansion": "Welsh toes",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly related to *tìskati. According to Beekes, linked to Ancient Greek σταῖς (staîs, “dough”) (gen. σταιτός (staitós)). Per Derksen, from Proto-Indo-European *th₂ei-s-tóm, cognates include Old High German theismo, deismo, Old Irish taís (“dough”), and Welsh toes.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tě̑sto",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "tě̑sto",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tě̑stě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "těstà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tě̑sta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "těstù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "tě̃stъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tě̑stu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "těstomà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "těstòmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tě̑sto",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tě̑stě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "těstà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tě̑stъmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tě̑stomь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "těstomà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "těstý",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tě̑stě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "těstù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "těstě̃xъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tě̑sto",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tě̑stě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "těstà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tě̑sto",
"ap": "c",
"g": "n",
"stem": "o"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/těsto",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"EDSIL without passage",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic hard neuter o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic neuter nouns",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"glosses": [
"dough"
],
"links": [
[
"dough",
"dough"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Rick Derksen"
]
}
],
"word": "těsto"
}
Download raw JSONL data for těsto meaning in Proto-Slavic (8.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (95d2be1 and 64224ec). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.