See sobaka in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "собака"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: собака (sobaka)\nOld Ruthenian: соба́ка (sobáka), саба́ка (sabáka) — Middle Belarusian\nBelarusian: саба́ка (sabáka)\nCarpathian Rusyn: соба́ка (sobáka) (rare)\nUkrainian: соба́ка (sobáka)\n→ Polish: sobaka (dialectal)\n→ Kashubian: sobaka\nRussian: соба́ка (sobáka)\n→ Aleut: sabaakax\n→ Southern Yukaghir: тоуко (towko)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: собака (sobaka)\nOld Ruthenian: соба́ка (sobáka), саба́ка (sabáka) — Middle Belarusian\nBelarusian: саба́ка (sabáka)\nCarpathian Rusyn: соба́ка (sobáka) (rare)\nUkrainian: соба́ка (sobáka)\n→ Polish: sobaka (dialectal)\n→ Kashubian: sobaka\nRussian: соба́ка (sobáka)\n→ Aleut: sabaakax\n→ Southern Yukaghir: тоуко (towko)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ira-mid"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Middle Iranian",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ira-mpr-pro",
"3": "*spā́kəh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Medo-Parthian *spā́kəh",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*cwā́"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *cwā́",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*ćwā́"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćwā́",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱwṓ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-old",
"2": "σπάκα",
"tr": "spā́kəʰ"
},
"expansion": "Old Median σπάκα (spā́kəʰ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬐𐬀",
"t": "dog-like"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬐𐬀 (spaka, “dog-like”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tly",
"2": "sıpə",
"t": "dog"
},
"expansion": "Talysh sıpə (“dog”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "श्वन्",
"t": "dog",
"tr": "śván"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit श्वन् (śván, “dog”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "शुनक"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit शुनक (śunaka)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ասպակ",
"t": "dog"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian ասպակ (aspak, “dog”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Early Proto-Slavic *sabā́ˀkāˀ. Borrowed from Middle Iranian dialectal *sabā́ka-, from Proto-Medo-Parthian *spā́kəh, ultimately from Proto-Iranian *cwā́, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćwā́, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ. Cognate with Old Median σπάκα (spā́kəʰ), Avestan 𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬐𐬀 (spaka, “dog-like”), 𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬥 (span, “dog”), Talysh sıpə (“dog”), Sanskrit श्वन् (śván, “dog”), Sanskrit शुनक (śunaka), Old Armenian ասպակ (aspak, “dog”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sobàka",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "sobàka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sobacě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "sobaky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sobaky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sobaku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "sobakъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sobacě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sobakama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "sobakamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sobakǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sobacě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "sobaky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sobakojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sobakǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sobakama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "sobakami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sobacě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sobaku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "sobakasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sobakaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sobàko",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "sobacě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "sobaky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sobàka"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sobaka",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Eastern regional Proto-Slavic",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Undetermined language links",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dog"
],
"id": "en-sobaka-sla-pro-noun-zWNX792W",
"links": [
[
"dog",
"dog"
]
],
"qualifier": "East Slavic",
"raw_glosses": [
"(East Slavic) dog"
],
"related": [
{
"english": "bitch",
"word": "sùka"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "sobaka"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "собака"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: собака (sobaka)\nOld Ruthenian: соба́ка (sobáka), саба́ка (sabáka) — Middle Belarusian\nBelarusian: саба́ка (sabáka)\nCarpathian Rusyn: соба́ка (sobáka) (rare)\nUkrainian: соба́ка (sobáka)\n→ Polish: sobaka (dialectal)\n→ Kashubian: sobaka\nRussian: соба́ка (sobáka)\n→ Aleut: sabaakax\n→ Southern Yukaghir: тоуко (towko)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: собака (sobaka)\nOld Ruthenian: соба́ка (sobáka), саба́ка (sabáka) — Middle Belarusian\nBelarusian: саба́ка (sabáka)\nCarpathian Rusyn: соба́ка (sobáka) (rare)\nUkrainian: соба́ка (sobáka)\n→ Polish: sobaka (dialectal)\n→ Kashubian: sobaka\nRussian: соба́ка (sobáka)\n→ Aleut: sabaakax\n→ Southern Yukaghir: тоуко (towko)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ira-mid"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Middle Iranian",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ira-mpr-pro",
"3": "*spā́kəh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Medo-Parthian *spā́kəh",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*cwā́"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *cwā́",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*ćwā́"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćwā́",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱwṓ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-old",
"2": "σπάκα",
"tr": "spā́kəʰ"
},
"expansion": "Old Median σπάκα (spā́kəʰ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬐𐬀",
"t": "dog-like"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬐𐬀 (spaka, “dog-like”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tly",
"2": "sıpə",
"t": "dog"
},
"expansion": "Talysh sıpə (“dog”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "श्वन्",
"t": "dog",
"tr": "śván"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit श्वन् (śván, “dog”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "शुनक"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit शुनक (śunaka)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ասպակ",
"t": "dog"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian ասպակ (aspak, “dog”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Early Proto-Slavic *sabā́ˀkāˀ. Borrowed from Middle Iranian dialectal *sabā́ka-, from Proto-Medo-Parthian *spā́kəh, ultimately from Proto-Iranian *cwā́, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćwā́, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ. Cognate with Old Median σπάκα (spā́kəʰ), Avestan 𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬐𐬀 (spaka, “dog-like”), 𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬥 (span, “dog”), Talysh sıpə (“dog”), Sanskrit श्वन् (śván, “dog”), Sanskrit शुनक (śunaka), Old Armenian ասպակ (aspak, “dog”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sobàka",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "sobàka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sobacě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "sobaky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sobaky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sobaku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "sobakъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sobacě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sobakama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "sobakamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sobakǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sobacě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "sobaky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sobakojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sobakǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sobakama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "sobakami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sobacě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sobaku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "sobakasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sobakaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sobàko",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "sobacě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "sobaky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sobàka"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sobaka",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "bitch",
"word": "sùka"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Eastern regional Proto-Slavic",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms borrowed from Middle Iranian languages",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Middle Iranian languages",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Medo-Parthian",
"Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Undetermined language links"
],
"glosses": [
"dog"
],
"links": [
[
"dog",
"dog"
]
],
"qualifier": "East Slavic",
"raw_glosses": [
"(East Slavic) dog"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "sobaka"
}
Download raw JSONL data for sobaka meaning in Proto-Slavic (6.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (df33d17 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.