See slonъ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "слонъ"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: слонъ (slonŭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: слонъ (slonŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "слонъ"
},
"expansion": "Old Ruthenian: слонъ (slon)\nBelarusian: слон (slon)\nCarpathian Rusyn: слон (slon)\nUkrainian: слон (slon); слін (slin) (archaic)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Ruthenian: слонъ (slon)\nBelarusian: слон (slon)\nCarpathian Rusyn: слон (slon)\nUkrainian: слон (slon); слін (slin) (archaic)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "слон"
},
"expansion": "Russian: слон (slon), слонъ (slon) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)\n→ Ingrian: slona\n→ Kildin Sami: слонн (slonn)\n→ Komi-Zyrian: слӧн (slön)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Russian: слон (slon), слонъ (slon) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)\n→ Ingrian: slona\n→ Kildin Sami: слонн (slonn)\n→ Komi-Zyrian: слӧн (slön)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "слонь",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: слонь (slonĭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cyrillic script: слонь (slonĭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ⱄⰾⱁⱀⱐ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⱄⰾⱁⱀⱐ (slonĭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Glagolitic script: ⱄⰾⱁⱀⱐ (slonĭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "слон"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: слон (slon)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: слон (slon)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "сло̏н",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: сло̏н",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: сло̏н"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "slȍn",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: slȍn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: slȍn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "slȍn"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: slȍn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: slȍn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "slon"
},
"expansion": "Czech: slon",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: slon"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "słóń",
"3": "słón"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: słóń, słón",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: słóń, słón"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "słoń"
},
"expansion": "Polish: słoń",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: słoń"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "слонь",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Ruthenian: слонь (slonʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Ruthenian: слонь (slonʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "слонь"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: слонь (slonʹ)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "archaic"
},
"expansion": "(archaic)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: слонь (slonʹ) (archaic)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "slon"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: slon",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: slon"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "słon"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: słon\n→? Lower Sorbian: słon",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: słon\n→? Lower Sorbian: słon"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "aslan",
"3": "",
"4": "lion"
},
"expansion": "Turkish aslan (“lion”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ab",
"2": "а́слан",
"3": "",
"4": "elephant"
},
"expansion": "Abkhaz а́слан (áslan, “elephant”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "och",
"3": "象",
"t": "elephant",
"ts": "*slaŋ"
},
"expansion": "Old Chinese 象 (*ljaŋʔ /*slaŋ/, “elephant”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cv",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Chuvash",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "xbo",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Bulgar",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cv",
"2": "сӑлан",
"t": "elephant"
},
"expansion": "Chuvash сӑлан (sălan, “elephant”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Most likely related to Turkish aslan (“lion”); Witczak (2013) cites many parallel cases of semantic spread between different exotic animals in Indo-European. Compare Abkhaz а́слан (áslan, “elephant”). If not, perhaps a deverbative from *sloniti (“to lean against”), relating to the medieval story of an elephant sleeping leaning on a tree.\nVovin (2011) proposes that Slavic slonъ reflects Old Chinese 象 (*ljaŋʔ /*slaŋ/, “elephant”), an etymology previously suggested by Ivanov (1977: 156–57) with a then-current Old Chinese reconstruction *sðaŋ. As Vovin notes, contact between Slavic and Old Chinese is out of the question, so the solution might arise from an intermediary source. Ivanov (1977:154) believes that the Chuvash forms слон (slon), сӑлан (sălan, “elephant”) are Russian loans, with the latter being called into question by Vovin on phonetic grounds. According to him, Russian /o/ (phonetically a diphthong [uo] with a mid-high syllabic element [o]) is unlikely to be borrowed as Chuvash low vowel /a/. The reverse, namely the borrowing of Bulgar slightly labialised /a/ as Slavic /o/ is more than likely. Chuvash сӑлан (sălan, “elephant”) is exactly the expected outcome of the Old Chinese *slaŋ with the insertion of ⟨ă⟩ break-ing the OC initial cluster /sl-/ and typical Bulghar shift of PT *ŋ to /n/. The presence of this word in Chuvash places proto-Bulghar speakers in the vicinity of Northern China no later than the first century BCE, because approximately after that date the initial clusters in Old Chinese underwent the process of simplification.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "slȍnъ",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "slȍnъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "slȍna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "slȍni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "slȍna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "slonù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "slònъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "slȍnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "slonomà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "slonòmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "slȍnъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "slȍna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "slȍny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "slȍnъmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "slȍnomь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "slonomà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "sloný",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "slȍně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "slonù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "sloně̃xъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "slone",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "slȍna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "slȍni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "slȍnъ",
"ap": "c"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/slonъ",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"elephant"
],
"id": "en-slonъ-sla-pro-noun-zQjExDFt",
"links": [
[
"elephant",
"elephant"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj"
],
"word": "slonъ"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "слон"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: слон (slon)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "archaic"
},
"expansion": "(archaic)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: слон (slon) (archaic)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian: (+ *-ъka)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "słоńka",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Lower Sorbian: słоńka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Lower Sorbian: słоńka"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "słónka",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Upper Sorbian: słónka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Upper Sorbian: słónka"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱel-",
"4": "",
"5": "to lean"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- (“to lean”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- (“to lean”) or *(s)ḱel- (“to bend”) + n-infix. Morphological formation similar to *klonъ (“slope”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "slonъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "slona",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "sloni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "slona",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "slonu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "slonъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "slonu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "slonoma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "slonomъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "slonъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "slona",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "slony",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "slonъmь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "slonomь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "slonoma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "slony",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sloně",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "slonu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "sloněxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "slone",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "slona",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "sloni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/slonъ",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 87",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 89",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 96",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"essive"
],
"word": "sloněti"
},
{
"alt": "causative-iterative",
"word": "sloniti"
},
{
"word": "naslonъ"
},
{
"word": "o(b)slonъ"
},
{
"word": "prislonъ"
},
{
"word": "zaslonъ"
}
],
"glosses": [
"offset, cornice, protrusion"
],
"id": "en-slonъ-sla-pro-noun-PkAhId-i",
"links": [
[
"offset",
"offset"
],
[
"cornice",
"cornice"
],
[
"protrusion",
"protrusion"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "slonъ"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic hard masculine o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms borrowed from Bulgar",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Bulgar",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Old Chinese",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "слонъ"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: слонъ (slonŭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: слонъ (slonŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "слонъ"
},
"expansion": "Old Ruthenian: слонъ (slon)\nBelarusian: слон (slon)\nCarpathian Rusyn: слон (slon)\nUkrainian: слон (slon); слін (slin) (archaic)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Ruthenian: слонъ (slon)\nBelarusian: слон (slon)\nCarpathian Rusyn: слон (slon)\nUkrainian: слон (slon); слін (slin) (archaic)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "слон"
},
"expansion": "Russian: слон (slon), слонъ (slon) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)\n→ Ingrian: slona\n→ Kildin Sami: слонн (slonn)\n→ Komi-Zyrian: слӧн (slön)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Russian: слон (slon), слонъ (slon) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)\n→ Ingrian: slona\n→ Kildin Sami: слонн (slonn)\n→ Komi-Zyrian: слӧн (slön)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "слонь",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: слонь (slonĭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cyrillic script: слонь (slonĭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ⱄⰾⱁⱀⱐ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⱄⰾⱁⱀⱐ (slonĭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Glagolitic script: ⱄⰾⱁⱀⱐ (slonĭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "слон"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: слон (slon)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: слон (slon)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "сло̏н",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: сло̏н",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: сло̏н"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "slȍn",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: slȍn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: slȍn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "slȍn"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: slȍn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: slȍn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "slon"
},
"expansion": "Czech: slon",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: slon"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "słóń",
"3": "słón"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: słóń, słón",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: słóń, słón"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "słoń"
},
"expansion": "Polish: słoń",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: słoń"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "слонь",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Ruthenian: слонь (slonʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Ruthenian: слонь (slonʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "слонь"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: слонь (slonʹ)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "archaic"
},
"expansion": "(archaic)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: слонь (slonʹ) (archaic)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "slon"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: slon",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: slon"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "słon"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: słon\n→? Lower Sorbian: słon",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: słon\n→? Lower Sorbian: słon"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "aslan",
"3": "",
"4": "lion"
},
"expansion": "Turkish aslan (“lion”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ab",
"2": "а́слан",
"3": "",
"4": "elephant"
},
"expansion": "Abkhaz а́слан (áslan, “elephant”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "och",
"3": "象",
"t": "elephant",
"ts": "*slaŋ"
},
"expansion": "Old Chinese 象 (*ljaŋʔ /*slaŋ/, “elephant”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cv",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Chuvash",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "xbo",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Bulgar",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cv",
"2": "сӑлан",
"t": "elephant"
},
"expansion": "Chuvash сӑлан (sălan, “elephant”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Most likely related to Turkish aslan (“lion”); Witczak (2013) cites many parallel cases of semantic spread between different exotic animals in Indo-European. Compare Abkhaz а́слан (áslan, “elephant”). If not, perhaps a deverbative from *sloniti (“to lean against”), relating to the medieval story of an elephant sleeping leaning on a tree.\nVovin (2011) proposes that Slavic slonъ reflects Old Chinese 象 (*ljaŋʔ /*slaŋ/, “elephant”), an etymology previously suggested by Ivanov (1977: 156–57) with a then-current Old Chinese reconstruction *sðaŋ. As Vovin notes, contact between Slavic and Old Chinese is out of the question, so the solution might arise from an intermediary source. Ivanov (1977:154) believes that the Chuvash forms слон (slon), сӑлан (sălan, “elephant”) are Russian loans, with the latter being called into question by Vovin on phonetic grounds. According to him, Russian /o/ (phonetically a diphthong [uo] with a mid-high syllabic element [o]) is unlikely to be borrowed as Chuvash low vowel /a/. The reverse, namely the borrowing of Bulgar slightly labialised /a/ as Slavic /o/ is more than likely. Chuvash сӑлан (sălan, “elephant”) is exactly the expected outcome of the Old Chinese *slaŋ with the insertion of ⟨ă⟩ break-ing the OC initial cluster /sl-/ and typical Bulghar shift of PT *ŋ to /n/. The presence of this word in Chuvash places proto-Bulghar speakers in the vicinity of Northern China no later than the first century BCE, because approximately after that date the initial clusters in Old Chinese underwent the process of simplification.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "slȍnъ",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "slȍnъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "slȍna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "slȍni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "slȍna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "slonù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "slònъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "slȍnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "slonomà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "slonòmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "slȍnъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "slȍna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "slȍny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "slȍnъmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "slȍnomь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "slonomà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "sloný",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "slȍně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "slonù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "sloně̃xъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "slone",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "slȍna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "slȍni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "slȍnъ",
"ap": "c"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/slonъ",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"sla-pro:Mammals"
],
"glosses": [
"elephant"
],
"links": [
[
"elephant",
"elephant"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj"
],
"word": "slonъ"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic hard masculine o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"essive"
],
"word": "sloněti"
},
{
"alt": "causative-iterative",
"word": "sloniti"
},
{
"word": "naslonъ"
},
{
"word": "o(b)slonъ"
},
{
"word": "prislonъ"
},
{
"word": "zaslonъ"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "слон"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: слон (slon)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "archaic"
},
"expansion": "(archaic)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: слон (slon) (archaic)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian: (+ *-ъka)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "słоńka",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Lower Sorbian: słоńka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Lower Sorbian: słоńka"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "słónka",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Upper Sorbian: słónka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Upper Sorbian: słónka"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱel-",
"4": "",
"5": "to lean"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- (“to lean”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- (“to lean”) or *(s)ḱel- (“to bend”) + n-infix. Morphological formation similar to *klonъ (“slope”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "slonъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "slona",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "sloni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "slona",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "slonu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "slonъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "slonu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "slonoma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "slonomъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "slonъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "slona",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "slony",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "slonъmь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "slonomь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "slonoma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "slony",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sloně",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "slonu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "sloněxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "slone",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "slona",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "sloni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/slonъ",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"offset, cornice, protrusion"
],
"links": [
[
"offset",
"offset"
],
[
"cornice",
"cornice"
],
[
"protrusion",
"protrusion"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "slonъ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for slonъ meaning in Proto-Slavic (13.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (4ba5975 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.