See skorupa in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "скоролупа",
"3": "скоролупля",
"4": "скоролуща"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: скоролупа (skorolupa), скоролупля (skoroluplja), скоролуща (skorolušča)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: скоролупа (skorolupa), скоролупля (skoroluplja), скоролуща (skorolušča)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "шкарлупа́",
"3": "скару́па"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: шкарлупа́ (škarlupá), скару́па (skarúpa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: шкарлупа́ (škarlupá), скару́па (skarúpa)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "скорлупа́"
},
"expansion": "Russian: скорлупа́ (skorlupá)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: скорлупа́ (skorlupá)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "шкору́па"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: шкору́па (škorúpa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: шкору́па (škorúpa)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "скралупа",
"3": "скралупля",
"4": "скралуща",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: скралупа (skralupa), скралупля (skraluplja), скралуща (skralušta)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cyrillic script: скралупа (skralupa), скралупля (skraluplja), скралуща (skralušta)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ско̏рӯп",
"g": "m",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: ско̏рӯп m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: ско̏рӯп m"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "skȍrūp",
"g": "m",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: skȍrūp m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: skȍrūp m"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "skralûp",
"bor": "",
"der": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: skralûp",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "skralûp",
"2": "skorlûp",
"3": "skorlúpa",
"4": "škorlûp",
"5": "škorlúpa",
"6": "škralûp"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: skralûp, skorlûp, skorlúpa, škorlûp, škorlúpa (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: skralûp, skorlûp, skorlúpa, škorlûp, škorlúpa (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "skořupina"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: skořupina",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: skořupina"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "skořápka",
"3": "škraloup"
},
"expansion": "Czech: skořápka, škraloup",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: skořápka, škraloup"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "skorupa"
},
"expansion": "Polish: skorupa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: skorupa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "škrupina"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: škrupina",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: škrupina"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "škórpa",
"3": "škórр",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: škórpa m, škórр",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: škórpa m, škórр"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *skora (“bast, skin”) + *-upa.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/skorupa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"crust?, shell?"
],
"id": "en-skorupa-sla-pro-noun-O1C2EifT",
"links": [
[
"crust",
"crust"
],
[
"shell",
"shell"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "skorupa"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "скоролупа",
"3": "скоролупля",
"4": "скоролуща"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: скоролупа (skorolupa), скоролупля (skoroluplja), скоролуща (skorolušča)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: скоролупа (skorolupa), скоролупля (skoroluplja), скоролуща (skorolušča)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "шкарлупа́",
"3": "скару́па"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: шкарлупа́ (škarlupá), скару́па (skarúpa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: шкарлупа́ (škarlupá), скару́па (skarúpa)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "скорлупа́"
},
"expansion": "Russian: скорлупа́ (skorlupá)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: скорлупа́ (skorlupá)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "шкору́па"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: шкору́па (škorúpa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: шкору́па (škorúpa)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "скралупа",
"3": "скралупля",
"4": "скралуща",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: скралупа (skralupa), скралупля (skraluplja), скралуща (skralušta)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cyrillic script: скралупа (skralupa), скралупля (skraluplja), скралуща (skralušta)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ско̏рӯп",
"g": "m",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: ско̏рӯп m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: ско̏рӯп m"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "skȍrūp",
"g": "m",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: skȍrūp m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: skȍrūp m"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "skralûp",
"bor": "",
"der": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: skralûp",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "skralûp",
"2": "skorlûp",
"3": "skorlúpa",
"4": "škorlûp",
"5": "škorlúpa",
"6": "škralûp"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: skralûp, skorlûp, skorlúpa, škorlûp, škorlúpa (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: skralûp, skorlûp, skorlúpa, škorlûp, škorlúpa (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "skořupina"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: skořupina",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: skořupina"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "skořápka",
"3": "škraloup"
},
"expansion": "Czech: skořápka, škraloup",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: skořápka, škraloup"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "skorupa"
},
"expansion": "Polish: skorupa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: skorupa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "škrupina"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: škrupina",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: škrupina"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "škórpa",
"3": "škórр",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: škórpa m, škórр",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: škórpa m, škórр"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *skora (“bast, skin”) + *-upa.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "skorupy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/skorupa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms with redundant head parameter"
],
"glosses": [
"crust?, shell?"
],
"links": [
[
"crust",
"crust"
],
[
"shell",
"shell"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "skorupa"
}
Download raw JSONL data for skorupa meaning in Proto-Slavic (6.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (df33d17 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.