See rojь in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "рои"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: рои (roi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: рои (roi)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "рой"
},
"expansion": "Old Ruthenian: рой (roj)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Ruthenian: рой (roj)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "рой"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: рой (roj)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: рой (roj)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "рій"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: рій (rij)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: рій (rij)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "рой"
},
"expansion": "Russian: рой (roj)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: рой (roj)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "рои",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: рои (roi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cyrillic script: рои (roi)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ⱃⱁⰻ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⱃⱁⰻ (roi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Glagolitic script: ⱃⱁⰻ (roi)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "рой"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: рой (roj)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: рой (roj)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "рој"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: рој (roj)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: рој (roj)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ро̑ј",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: ро̑ј",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: ро̑ј"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "rȏj",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: rȏj",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: rȏj"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "ròj"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: ròj",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: ròj"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "roj"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: roj",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: roj"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "roj"
},
"expansion": "Czech: roj",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: roj"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "rój"
},
"expansion": "Polish: rój",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: rój"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "roj"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: roj",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: roj"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "roj"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: roj",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: roj"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "rój"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: rój",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: rój"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Non-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "raj",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hungarian: raj",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hungarian: raj"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "roi",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: roi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: roi"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*rajas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *rajas",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₃reyH-",
"4": "*h₃royH-o-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃royH-o-s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "rivus",
"3": "",
"4": "brook, stream"
},
"expansion": "Latin rivus (“brook, stream”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *rajas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃royH-o-s. Cognate with Latin rivus (“brook, stream”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ròjь",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ròjь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rojà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "rojì",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rojà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rojù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ròjь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rojù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rojèma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ròjemъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ròjь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rojà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "roję̇̀",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rojь̀mь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rojèmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rojèma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "ròji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rojì",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rojù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "ròjixъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "roju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rojà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rojì",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ròjь",
"ap": "b",
"g": "m",
"stem": "o"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/rojь",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"swarm"
],
"id": "en-rojь-sla-pro-noun-ROuStGNg",
"links": [
[
"swarm",
"swarm"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "rějati"
},
{
"word": "rěka"
},
{
"word": "rinǫti"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "rojь"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "рои"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: рои (roi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: рои (roi)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "рой"
},
"expansion": "Old Ruthenian: рой (roj)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Ruthenian: рой (roj)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "рой"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: рой (roj)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: рой (roj)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "рій"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: рій (rij)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: рій (rij)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "рой"
},
"expansion": "Russian: рой (roj)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: рой (roj)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "рои",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: рои (roi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cyrillic script: рои (roi)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ⱃⱁⰻ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⱃⱁⰻ (roi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Glagolitic script: ⱃⱁⰻ (roi)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "рой"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: рой (roj)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: рой (roj)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "рој"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: рој (roj)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: рој (roj)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ро̑ј",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: ро̑ј",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: ро̑ј"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "rȏj",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: rȏj",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: rȏj"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "ròj"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: ròj",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: ròj"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "roj"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: roj",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: roj"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "roj"
},
"expansion": "Czech: roj",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: roj"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "rój"
},
"expansion": "Polish: rój",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: rój"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "roj"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: roj",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: roj"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "roj"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: roj",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: roj"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "rój"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: rój",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: rój"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Non-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "raj",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hungarian: raj",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hungarian: raj"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "roi",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: roi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: roi"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*rajas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *rajas",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₃reyH-",
"4": "*h₃royH-o-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃royH-o-s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "rivus",
"3": "",
"4": "brook, stream"
},
"expansion": "Latin rivus (“brook, stream”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *rajas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃royH-o-s. Cognate with Latin rivus (“brook, stream”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ròjь",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ròjь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rojà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "rojì",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rojà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rojù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ròjь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rojù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rojèma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ròjemъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ròjь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rojà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "roję̇̀",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rojь̀mь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rojèmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rojèma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "ròji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rojì",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rojù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "ròjixъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "roju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rojà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rojì",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ròjь",
"ap": "b",
"g": "m",
"stem": "o"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/rojь",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "rějati"
},
{
"word": "rěka"
},
{
"word": "rinǫti"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic soft masculine o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic soft o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"glosses": [
"swarm"
],
"links": [
[
"swarm",
"swarm"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "rojь"
}
Download raw JSONL data for rojь meaning in Proto-Slavic (6.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (92124b4 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.