See protivъ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "противъ"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: противъ (protivŭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: противъ (protivŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "про́ці",
"3": "прэ̀цi"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: про́ці (próci), прэ̀цi (prèci)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: про́ці (próci), прэ̀цi (prèci)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "про́тив"
},
"expansion": "Russian: про́тив (prótiv)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: про́тив (prótiv)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "про́ти"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: про́ти (próty)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: про́ти (próty)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "противъ"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic: противъ (protivŭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic: противъ (protivŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "проти́в"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: проти́в (protív)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: проти́в (protív)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "против"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: против (protiv)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: против (protiv)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "про̏тив",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: про̏тив",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: про̏тив"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "prȍtiv",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: prȍtiv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: prȍtiv"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "prọ̑ti"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: prọ̑ti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: prọ̑ti"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "protiv"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: protiv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: protiv"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "proti"
},
"expansion": "Czech: proti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: proti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "przecyw"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: przecyw",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: przecyw"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "przeciw"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: przeciw, prociw\nPolish: przeciw, prociw (Middle Polish)\nSilesian: przeciw",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: przeciw, prociw\nPolish: przeciw, prociw (Middle Polish)\nSilesian: przeciw"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-osk",
"2": "prociv",
"3": "proti",
"4": "protiv"
},
"expansion": "Old Slovak: prociv, proti, protiv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Slovak: prociv, proti, protiv"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rsk",
"2": "проци",
"3": "процив"
},
"expansion": "Pannonian Rusyn: проци (proci), процив (prociv)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pannonian Rusyn: проци (proci), процив (prociv)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "proti"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: proti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: proti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "pśeśiwo"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: pśeśiwo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: pśeśiwo"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "přećiwo"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: přećiwo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: přećiwo"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"id": "against"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*pr-é-ti, *pr-ó-ti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pr-é-ti, *pr-ó-ti",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "pretējs"
},
"expansion": "Latvian pretējs",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Derived from Proto-Indo-European *pr-é-ti, *pr-ó-ti, from *per- (“in front, first”). Compare Latvian pretējs.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "*pretivъ",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "*proti",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "*protivo",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "preposition",
"cat2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "*protivъ",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/protivъ",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "protivьnъ"
},
{
"word": "protivьnikъ"
}
],
"glosses": [
"contrary, against"
],
"id": "en-protivъ-sla-pro-prep-K2UPX9lH",
"links": [
[
"contrary",
"contrary"
],
[
"against",
"against"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with genitive) contrary, against"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction",
"with-genitive"
]
}
],
"word": "protivъ"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "protivьnъ"
},
{
"word": "protivьnikъ"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "противъ"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: противъ (protivŭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: противъ (protivŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "про́ці",
"3": "прэ̀цi"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: про́ці (próci), прэ̀цi (prèci)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: про́ці (próci), прэ̀цi (prèci)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "про́тив"
},
"expansion": "Russian: про́тив (prótiv)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: про́тив (prótiv)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "про́ти"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: про́ти (próty)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: про́ти (próty)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "противъ"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic: противъ (protivŭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic: противъ (protivŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "проти́в"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: проти́в (protív)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: проти́в (protív)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "против"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: против (protiv)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: против (protiv)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "про̏тив",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: про̏тив",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: про̏тив"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "prȍtiv",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: prȍtiv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: prȍtiv"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "prọ̑ti"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: prọ̑ti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: prọ̑ti"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "protiv"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: protiv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: protiv"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "proti"
},
"expansion": "Czech: proti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: proti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "przecyw"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: przecyw",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: przecyw"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "przeciw"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: przeciw, prociw\nPolish: przeciw, prociw (Middle Polish)\nSilesian: przeciw",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: przeciw, prociw\nPolish: przeciw, prociw (Middle Polish)\nSilesian: przeciw"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-osk",
"2": "prociv",
"3": "proti",
"4": "protiv"
},
"expansion": "Old Slovak: prociv, proti, protiv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Slovak: prociv, proti, protiv"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rsk",
"2": "проци",
"3": "процив"
},
"expansion": "Pannonian Rusyn: проци (proci), процив (prociv)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pannonian Rusyn: проци (proci), процив (prociv)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "proti"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: proti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: proti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "pśeśiwo"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: pśeśiwo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: pśeśiwo"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "přećiwo"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: přećiwo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: přećiwo"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"id": "against"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*pr-é-ti, *pr-ó-ti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pr-é-ti, *pr-ó-ti",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "pretējs"
},
"expansion": "Latvian pretējs",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Derived from Proto-Indo-European *pr-é-ti, *pr-ó-ti, from *per- (“in front, first”). Compare Latvian pretējs.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "*pretivъ",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "*proti",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "*protivo",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "preposition",
"cat2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "*protivъ",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/protivъ",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic prepositions",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"glosses": [
"contrary, against"
],
"links": [
[
"contrary",
"contrary"
],
[
"against",
"against"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with genitive) contrary, against"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction",
"with-genitive"
]
}
],
"word": "protivъ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for protivъ meaning in Proto-Slavic (5.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-02 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (db8a5a5 and fb63907). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.