See podъkova in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "padkóva",
"word": "падко́ва"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "podkóva",
"word": "подко́ва"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "pidkóva",
"word": "підко́ва"
},
{
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rue",
"roman": "pidkova",
"word": "підкова"
}
],
"lang": "East Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "podkóva",
"word": "подко́ва"
},
{
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "potkovica",
"word": "потковица"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "по̀ткова"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "pòtkova"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "podkova"
},
{
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"word": "pòdkòwa"
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "podkowa"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "podkova"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"word": "podkowa"
},
{
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"lang_code": "hsb",
"word": "podkowa"
}
],
"lang": "Sorbian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "potkua"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "potcoavă"
}
],
"lang": "Non-Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*podъ-",
"3": "*kovati",
"t2": "to forge"
},
"expansion": "*podъ- + *kovati (“to forge”)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *podъ- + *kovati (“to forge”) (compare *podъ (“beneath, below”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkova",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkově",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkovy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkovy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkovu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkovъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkově",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkovama",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkovamъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkovǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkově",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkovy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkovojǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkovǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkovama",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkovami",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkově",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkovu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkovasъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkovaxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkovo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkově",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkovy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/podъkova",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic terms prefixed with *podъ-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"horseshoe"
],
"id": "en-podъkova-sla-pro-noun-H5-9Aoxh",
"links": [
[
"horseshoe",
"horseshoe"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "podъkova"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "padkóva",
"word": "падко́ва"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "podkóva",
"word": "подко́ва"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "pidkóva",
"word": "підко́ва"
},
{
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rue",
"roman": "pidkova",
"word": "підкова"
}
],
"lang": "East Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "podkóva",
"word": "подко́ва"
},
{
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "potkovica",
"word": "потковица"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "по̀ткова"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "pòtkova"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "podkova"
},
{
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"word": "pòdkòwa"
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "podkowa"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "podkova"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"word": "podkowa"
},
{
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"lang_code": "hsb",
"word": "podkowa"
}
],
"lang": "Sorbian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "potkua"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "potcoavă"
}
],
"lang": "Non-Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*podъ-",
"3": "*kovati",
"t2": "to forge"
},
"expansion": "*podъ- + *kovati (“to forge”)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *podъ- + *kovati (“to forge”) (compare *podъ (“beneath, below”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkova",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkově",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkovy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkovy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkovu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkovъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkově",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkovama",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkovamъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkovǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkově",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkovy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkovojǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkovǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkovama",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkovami",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkově",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkovu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkovasъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkovaxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkovo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkově",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "podъkovy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/podъkova",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms prefixed with *podъ-",
"Proto-Slavic terms with redundant head parameter"
],
"glosses": [
"horseshoe"
],
"links": [
[
"horseshoe",
"horseshoe"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "podъkova"
}
Download raw JSONL data for podъkova meaning in Proto-Slavic (4.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-09-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-23 using wiktextract (20da82b and a97feda). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.