See pisьmo in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "pisʹmó",
"word": "пісьмо́"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "pisʹmó",
"word": "письмо́"
},
{
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rue",
"roman": "pysʹmo",
"word": "письмо"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "pysʹmó",
"word": "письмо́"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"roman": "pisĭmo",
"word": "письмо"
}
],
"lang": "East Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "pismę",
"word": "писмѧ"
},
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "pismó",
"word": "писмо́"
},
{
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "pismo",
"word": "писмо"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "пи́смо"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "písmo"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "písmo"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"word": "písmo"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "pismo"
},
{
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"word": "pismo"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"word": "pismo"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "písmo"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"word": "pismò"
},
{
"lang": "Slovincian",
"lang_code": "zlw-slv",
"word": "pjysmô"
}
],
"lang": "Pomeranian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"word": "pismo"
},
{
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"lang_code": "hsb",
"word": "pismo"
}
],
"lang": "Sorbian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*peyḱ-",
"id": "mark"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*pьsati",
"3": "*-ьmo",
"alt1": "*pis-"
},
"expansion": "*pis- + *-ьmo",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "piešìmas",
"3": "",
"4": "drawing, daubing"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian pieši̇̀mas (“drawing, daubing”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "piẽšti",
"3": "-imas",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "piẽšti + -imas",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *pis- + *-ьmo. Per Vasmer, normally compared with Lithuanian pieši̇̀mas (“drawing, daubing”) (< piẽšti + -imas).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pisьmo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pisьmě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "pisьma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pisьma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pisьmu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "pisьmъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pisьmu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pisьmoma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "pisьmomъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pisьmo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pisьmě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "pisьma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pisьmъmь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pisьmomь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pisьmoma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "pisьmy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pisьmě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pisьmu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "pisьměxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pisьmo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pisьmě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pisьma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/pisьmo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "72 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "88 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "92 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "95 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ьmo",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"letter (written communication)"
],
"id": "en-pisьmo-sla-pro-noun-CUXGddij",
"links": [
[
"letter",
"letter"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"script"
],
"id": "en-pisьmo-sla-pro-noun-IaAnC39m",
"links": [
[
"script",
"script"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Oleg Trubachyov"
],
"word": "pisьmo"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic hard neuter o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic neuter nouns",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *peyḱ- (mark)",
"Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ьmo"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "pisʹmó",
"word": "пісьмо́"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "pisʹmó",
"word": "письмо́"
},
{
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rue",
"roman": "pysʹmo",
"word": "письмо"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "pysʹmó",
"word": "письмо́"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"roman": "pisĭmo",
"word": "письмо"
}
],
"lang": "East Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "pismę",
"word": "писмѧ"
},
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "pismó",
"word": "писмо́"
},
{
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "pismo",
"word": "писмо"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "пи́смо"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "písmo"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "písmo"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"word": "písmo"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "pismo"
},
{
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"word": "pismo"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"word": "pismo"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "písmo"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"word": "pismò"
},
{
"lang": "Slovincian",
"lang_code": "zlw-slv",
"word": "pjysmô"
}
],
"lang": "Pomeranian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"word": "pismo"
},
{
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"lang_code": "hsb",
"word": "pismo"
}
],
"lang": "Sorbian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*peyḱ-",
"id": "mark"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*pьsati",
"3": "*-ьmo",
"alt1": "*pis-"
},
"expansion": "*pis- + *-ьmo",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "piešìmas",
"3": "",
"4": "drawing, daubing"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian pieši̇̀mas (“drawing, daubing”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "piẽšti",
"3": "-imas",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "piẽšti + -imas",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *pis- + *-ьmo. Per Vasmer, normally compared with Lithuanian pieši̇̀mas (“drawing, daubing”) (< piẽšti + -imas).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pisьmo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pisьmě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "pisьma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pisьma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pisьmu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "pisьmъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pisьmu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pisьmoma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "pisьmomъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pisьmo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pisьmě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "pisьma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pisьmъmь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pisьmomь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pisьmoma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "pisьmy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pisьmě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pisьmu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "pisьměxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pisьmo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pisьmě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pisьma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/pisьmo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"letter (written communication)"
],
"links": [
[
"letter",
"letter"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"script"
],
"links": [
[
"script",
"script"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Oleg Trubachyov"
],
"word": "pisьmo"
}
Download raw JSONL data for pisьmo meaning in Proto-Slavic (5.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-09-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-23 using wiktextract (20da82b and a97feda). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.